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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
x	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015
or
 
¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the transition period from                     to                     
Commission File Number 001-34791

 

MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 
 	 	 	
Delaware	 	83-0406195	
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)	 	(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)	
c/o MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.
1, Allée Scheffer, L-2520
Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (352) 45-62-62
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	 	Name of each exchange on which registered	
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights	 	New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange	
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    ¨  Yes    x  No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    ¨  Yes    x  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     x   Yes     ¨   No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.     x   Yes     ¨   No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer	 	¨	  	Accelerated Filer	 	x	
Non-Accelerated Filer	 	¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	  	Smaller Reporting Company	 	¨	
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    ¨  Yes    x  No
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. $225,946,119
As of January 31, 2016, the registrant had 34,568,942 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement relating to its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders will be incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or included by amendment to this report within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this report relates.

 

Table of Contents
MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-K FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015
TABLE OF CONTENTS

 	 	 	 	 	  	Page	 	
PART I	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	 	Item 1.	 	Business	  	 	2	  	
 	 	Item 1A.	 	Risk Factors	  	 	20	  	
 	 	Item 1B.	 	Unresolved Staff Comments	  	 	39	  	
 	 	Item 2.	 	Properties	  	 	39	  	
 	 	Item 3.	 	Legal Proceedings	  	 	40	  	
 	 	Item 4.	 	Mine Safety Disclosures	  	 	42	  	
PART II	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	 	Item 5.	 	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	  	 	43	  	
 	 	Item 6.	 	Selected Financial Data	  	 	46	  	
 	 	Item 7.	 	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	  	 	48	  	
 	 	Item 7A.	 	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	  	 	75	  	
 	 	Item 8.	 	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	  	 	77	  	
 	 	Item 9.	 	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	  	 	119	  	
 	 	Item 9A.	 	Controls and Procedures	  	 	119	  	
 	 	Item 9B.	 	Other Information	  	 	122	  	
PART III	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	 	Item 10.	 	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	  	 	123	  	
 	 	Item 11.	 	Executive Compensation	  	 	123	  	
 	 	Item 12.	 	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	  	 	123	  	
 	 	Item 13.	 	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	  	 	123	  	
 	 	Item 14.	 	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	  	 	123	  	
PART IV	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	 	Item 15.	 	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	  	 	124	  	
SIGNATURES	  	 	130	  	
EXHIBIT INDEX	  	 	A-1	  	

Table of Contents
PART I
INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA
We have made statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (this “2015 Form 10-K” or this “Report”) regarding our industry and our position in the industry based on our experience in the industry and our own views of market conditions, but we have not independently verified those statements. We do not have any obligation to announce or otherwise make publicly available updates or revisions to forecasts contained in these documents.
Statements made in this Report, unless the context otherwise requires, include the use of the terms “us,” “we,” “our,” the “Company” and “MagnaChip” to refer to MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries. The term “Korea” refers to the Republic of Korea or South Korea.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
We have made certain “forward-looking” statements in this Report within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations and projections relating to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements may include words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe” and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with any discussion of the timing or nature of future operating or financial performance or other events. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this Report that address activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are largely based on our expectations and beliefs concerning future events, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by our management. These estimates and assumptions reflect our best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe our estimates and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently uncertain and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control. In addition, management’s assumptions about future events may prove to be inaccurate. Management cautions all readers that the forward-looking statements contained in this Report are not guarantees of future performance, and we cannot assure any reader that those statements will be realized or the forward-looking events and circumstances will occur. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements due to the factors listed in the “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business” sections and elsewhere in this Report.
All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Report. We do not intend to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events or otherwise, except as required by law. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.

“MagnaChip” is a registered trademark of us and our subsidiaries and “MagnaChip Everywhere” is our registered trademark and service mark. All other product, service and company names mentioned in this Report are the service marks or trademarks of their respective owners.
 
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Item 1. Business
General
We are a Korea-based designer and manufacturer of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products for consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and Internet of Things (“IoT”) applications. We provide technology platforms for analog, mixed-signal, power, high voltage, non-volatile memory, and Radio Frequency (“RF”) applications. We have a proven record of a 30-year operating history, large portfolio of approximately 2,426 registered novel patents and 160 pending novel patent applications and extensive engineering and manufacturing process expertise. Our business is comprised of two operating segments: Foundry Services Group and Standard Products Group. Our Foundry Services Group provides specialty analog and mixed-signal foundry services mainly for fabless and Integrated Device Manufacturer (“IDM”) semiconductor companies that primarily serve the consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and IoT applications. Our Standard Products Group is comprised of two business lines: Display Solutions and Power Solutions. Our Display Solutions products provide flat panel display solutions to major suppliers of large and small flat panel displays. Our Power Solutions products include discrete and integrated circuit solutions for power management in consumer, communication and industrial applications.
Our wide variety of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products and manufacturing services combined with our matured technology platform allow us to address multiple high-growth end markets and to rapidly develop and introduce new products and services in response to market demands. Our design center and substantial manufacturing operations in Korea place us at the core of the global electronics device supply chain. We believe this enables us to quickly and efficiently respond to our customers’ needs and allows us to better serve and capture additional demand from existing and new customers.
We have a long history of supplying and collaborating on product and technology development with leading innovators in the consumer electronics market. As a result, we have been able to strengthen our technology platform and develop products and services that are in high demand by our customers and end consumers. We sold over 2,000 distinct products in each of the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, with a substantial portion of our revenues derived from a concentrated number of customers. Our largest Foundry Services Group customers include some of the leading semiconductor companies that design analog and mixed-signal products for the consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and IoT applications.
Our business is largely driven by innovation in the consumer electronics markets and the growing adoption by consumers worldwide of electronic devices for use in their daily lives. The consumer electronics market is large and growing rapidly, largely due to consumers increasingly accessing a wide variety of rich media content, such as high definition audio and video, mobile television and games on advanced consumer electronic devices. Electronics manufacturers are continuously implementing advanced technologies in new generations of electronic devices using analog and mixed-signal semiconductor components, such as display drivers that enable display of high resolution images, encoding and decoding devices that allow playback of high definition audio and video, and power management semiconductors that increase power efficiency, thereby improving heat dissipation and extending battery life.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, we generated net sales of $633.7 million, a net loss of $84.9 million, Adjusted EBITDA of $0.8 million and Adjusted Net Loss of $26.7 million. See “Item 6. Selected Financial Data” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” elsewhere in this Report for an explanation of our use of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss and a reconciliation to net income (loss) prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”).
Our History
Our business was named “MagnaChip Semiconductor” when it was acquired from SK Hynix Inc., formerly known as Hynix Semiconductor, Inc. (“SK Hynix”), in October 2004. We refer to this acquisition as the “Original Acquisition.”
 
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On March 10, 2011, we completed our initial public offering, which we refer to as the “MagnaChip IPO.” Prior to the MagnaChip IPO, MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, was converted to MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, a Delaware corporation. In order to consummate such a conversion, a certificate of conversion was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware prior to the effectiveness of the MagnaChip IPO registration statement. In connection with the corporate conversion, outstanding common units of MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC were automatically converted into shares of common stock of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, outstanding options to purchase common units of MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC were automatically converted into options to purchase shares of common stock of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and outstanding warrants to purchase common units of MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC were automatically converted into warrants to purchase shares of common stock of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, all at a ratio of one share of common stock for eight common units. We refer to such transactions as the “corporate conversion.”
Avenue Capital Management II, L.P., or Avenue Capital Management, is a global investment management firm, and it and its affiliated funds specialize in investing in high yield debt, debt of insolvent or financially distressed companies and equity of companies undergoing financial or operational turnarounds or reorganizations. In this Report, we refer to funds affiliated with Avenue Capital Management collectively as “Avenue.” Avenue was a holder of a significant portion of our indebtedness which was outstanding prior to our 2009 reorganization proceedings under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, which we refer to as our “reorganization proceedings.” In connection with our emergence from our reorganization proceedings, Avenue became our majority unitholder as a result of its participation in our rights offering in our reorganization proceedings.
As of January 31, 2016, Avenue beneficially owned 4,088,978 shares, or approximately 11.8%, of our outstanding common stock.
Our Products and Services
Our Display Solutions line of products provide flat panel display solutions to major suppliers of large and small flat panel displays, and include MagnaChip sensor products for mobile applications, industrial applications and home appliances. These products include source and gate drivers and timing controllers that cover a wide range of flat panel displays used in ultra high definition (UHD), high definition (HD), full high definition (FHD), light emitting diode (LED), 3D and organic light emitting diodes (OLED) televisions and displays, notebooks and mobile communications and entertainment devices. Our Display Solutions line of products support the industry’s most advanced display technologies, such as active matrix organic light emitting diodes (AMOLEDs), and low temperature polysilicons thin film transistor (LTPS TFT), as well as high-volume display technologies such as thin film transistors (a-Si TFTs). MagnaChip provides a range of intelligent sensor product families featuring 0.18 micron analog and mixed-signal technology with low power consumption. The MagnaChip sensor families target the growing market for applications ranging from smartphone, tablet PC and other consumer electronics to industrial devices. The MagnaChip sensor families include e-Compass sensors, digital Hall sensors and temperature and humidity sensors. Our Display Solutions products represented 32.7%, 28.6% and 27.6% of our net sales for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
We expanded our business and market opportunity by establishing our Power Solutions product line in late 2007. We have introduced a number of products for power management applications, including metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), insulated gate bipolar mode transistor (IGBTs), power modules, AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, LED driver, Solid State Drive (SSD) PMIC, switching regulators and linear regulators for a range of devices, including liquid crystal display (LCD), LED, 3D and UHD televisions, smartphones, mobile phones, desktop PCs, notebooks, tablet PCs, other consumer electronics, consumer appliance and industrial applications such as power suppliers, LED lighting and motor control. Our Power Solutions products represented 21.3%, 19.7% and 18.4% of our net sales for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
 
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We also offer foundry services to fabless analog and mixed-signal semiconductor companies and IDMs that require differentiated, specialty analog and mixed-signal process technologies. Our process technologies are optimized for analog and mixed-signal devices and include standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS), high voltage CMOS, ultra-low leakage high voltage CMOS and bipolar complementary double-diffused metal oxide semiconductor (BCDMOS) and electronically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM). Our Foundry Services Group customers use us to manufacture a wide range of products, including display drivers, LED drivers, audio encoding and decoding devices, microcontrollers, touch screen controllers, RF switches, park distance control sensors for automotive, electronic tag memories and power management semiconductors. Our Foundry Services Group business represented 45.9%, 51.6% and 53.9% of our net sales for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
We manufacture the majority of our products at our three fabrication facilities located in Korea. We have approximately 488 proprietary process flows we can utilize for our products and offer to our Foundry Services Group customers. Our manufacturing base serves both our display driver and power management businesses and Foundry Services Group customers, allowing us to optimize our asset utilization and leverage our investments across our product and service offerings. Analog and mixed-signal manufacturing facilities and processes are typically distinguished by design and process implementation expertise rather than the use of the most advanced equipment. These processes also tend to migrate more slowly to smaller geometries due to technological barriers and increased costs. For example, some of our products use high-voltage technology that requires larger geometries and that may not migrate to smaller geometries for several years, if at all. As a result, our manufacturing base and strategy do not require substantial investment in leading edge process equipment, allowing us to utilize our facilities and equipment over an extended period of time with moderate required capital investments.
On December 4, 2014, our Board of Directors approved a plan to close the Company’s six-inch fabrication facility in Cheongju, Korea (the “6-inch fab”). This plan is expected to be substantially implemented and the 6-inch fab is expected to be closed during the first quarter of 2016. The Company currently plans to transfer certain 6-inch fab employees to the Company’s other facilities.
Market Opportunity
The semiconductor market is large and is expanding its applications. Growth in this market is being driven by consumers seeking to enjoy a wide variety of rich media content, such as high definition audio and video, mobile television and games. Electronics device manufacturers recognize that the consumer entertainment experience plays a critical role in differentiating their products. To address and further stimulate consumer demand, electronics manufacturers have been driving rapid advances in the technology, functionality, form factor, cost, quality, reliability and power consumption of their products. Electronics manufacturers are continuously implementing advanced technologies in new generations of electronic devices using analog and mixed-signal semiconductor components, such as display drivers that enable display of high resolution images, encoding and decoding devices that allow playback of high definition audio and video, and power management semiconductors that increase power efficiency, thereby improving heat dissipation and extending battery life. These advanced generations of consumer devices are growing faster than the overall electronics device market.
The user experience delivered by a consumer electronic device is substantially driven by the quality of the display, audio and video processing capabilities and power efficiency of the device. Analog and mixed-signal semiconductors enable and enhance these capabilities. Examples of these analog and mixed-signal semiconductors include display drivers, timing controllers, audio encoding and decoding devices, or codecs, and interface circuits, as well as power management semiconductors such as voltage regulators, converters and switches.
 
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Requirements of Leading Electronic Devices Manufacturers
We believe our target customers view the following characteristics and capabilities as key differentiating factors among available analog and mixed-signal semiconductor suppliers and manufacturing service providers:
 
•	 	Broad Offering of Differentiated Products with Advanced System-Level Features and Functions. Leading electronic devices manufacturers seek to differentiate their products by incorporating innovative semiconductor products that enable unique system-level functionality and enhance performance. These consumer electronics manufacturers seek to closely collaborate with semiconductor solutions providers that continuously develop new and advanced products, technologies, and manufacturing processes that enable state of the art features and functions, such as bright and thin displays, small form factor and energy efficiency.	
 
•	 	Fast Time-to-Market with New Products. As a result of rapid technological advancements and short product lifecycles, our target customers typically prefer suppliers who have a compelling pipeline of new products and can leverage a substantial intellectual property and technology base to accelerate product design and manufacturing when needed.	
 
•	 	Nimble, Stable and Reliable Manufacturing Services. Fabless semiconductor providers who rely on external manufacturing services often face rapidly changing product cycles. If these fabless companies are unable to meet the demand for their products due to issues with their manufacturing services providers, their profitability and market share can be significantly impacted. As a result, they prefer foundry service providers that can increase production quickly and meet demand consistently through periods of constrained industry capacity. Furthermore, many fabless semiconductor providers serving the consumer electronics and industrial sectors need specialized analog and mixed-signal manufacturing capabilities to address their product performance and cost requirements.	
 
•	 	Ability to Deliver Cost Competitive Solutions. Electronics manufacturers are under constant pressure to deliver cost-competitive solutions. To accomplish this objective, they need strategic semiconductor suppliers that have the ability to provide system-level solutions, highly integrated products and a broad product offering at a range of price points and have the design and manufacturing infrastructure and logistical support to deliver cost competitive products.	
 
•	 	Focus on Delivering Highly Energy-Efficient Products. Consumers increasingly seek longer run-time, environmentally friendly and energy-efficient consumer electronic products. In addition, there is increasing regulatory focus on reducing energy consumption of consumer electronic products. As a result of global focus on more environmentally friendly products, our customers are seeking analog and mixed-signal semiconductor suppliers that have the technological expertise to deliver solutions that satisfy these ever increasing regulatory and consumer power efficiency demands.	
Our Competitive Strengths
Designing and manufacturing analog and mixed-signal semiconductors capable of meeting the evolving functionality requirements for electronics devices is challenging. In order to grow and succeed in the industry, we believe semiconductor suppliers must have a broad, advanced intellectual property portfolio, product design expertise, comprehensive product offerings and specialized manufacturing process technologies and capabilities. Our competitive strengths enable us to offer our customers solutions to solve their key challenges. We believe our strengths include:
 
•	 	Advanced Analog and Mixed-Signal Semiconductor Technology and Intellectual Property Platform. We believe we have one of the broadest and deepest analog and mixed-signal semiconductor technology platforms in the industry. Our long operating history, large patent portfolio, extensive engineering and manufacturing process expertise and wide selection of analog and mixed-signal intellectual property libraries allow us to leverage our technology and develop new products across multiple end markets. Our product development efforts are supported by a team of approximately 432 engineers. Our platform allows	
 
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 	us to develop and introduce new products quickly as well as to integrate numerous functions into a single product. For example, we were one of the first companies to introduce a commercial AMOLED display driver for mobile phones.	
 
•	 	Established Relationships and Close Collaboration with Leading Global Electronics Companies. We have a long history of supplying and collaborating on product and technology development with leading innovators in the consumer electronics market. Our close customer relationships have been built based on many years of close collaborative product development which provides us with deep system level knowledge and key insights into our customers’ needs. As a result, we are able to continuously strengthen our technology platform in areas of strategic interest for our customers and focus on those products and services that our customers and end consumers demand the most.	
 
•	 	Longstanding Presence in Asia and Proximity to Global Electronics Devices Supply Chain. Our presence in Asia facilitates close contact with our customers and fast response to their needs, and enhances our visibility into new product opportunities, markets and technology trends. Our design center and substantial manufacturing operations in Korea place us close to many of our largest customers and to the core of the global electronics devices supply chain. We have active applications, engineering, product design and customer support resources, as well as senior management and marketing resources, in geographic locations close to our customers. This allows us to strengthen our relationship with customers through better service, faster turnaround time and improved product design collaboration. We believe this also helps our customers to deliver products faster than their competitors and to solve problems more efficiently than would be possible with other suppliers.	
 
•	 	Broad Portfolio of Product and Service Offerings Targeting Large, High-Growth Markets. We continue to develop a wide variety of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor solutions for multiple high-growth electronics device end markets. We believe our expanding product and service offerings allow us to provide additional products to new and existing customers and to cross-sell our products and services to our established customers. For example, we have leveraged our technology expertise and customer relationships to develop and grow power management solutions to customers. Our power management solutions enable our customers to increase system stability and improve heat dissipation and energy use, resulting in cost savings for our customers, as well as environmental benefits. We have been able to sell these new products to our existing customers as well as expand our customer base.	
 
•	 	Distinctive Analog and Mixed-Signal Process Technology Expertise and Manufacturing Capabilities. We have developed specialty analog and mixed-signal manufacturing processes such as high voltage CMOS, power and embedded memory. These processes enable us to flexibly ramp mass production of display, power and mixed-signal products, and shorten the duration from design to delivery of highly integrated, high-performance analog and mixed-signal semiconductors.	
 
•	 	Highly Efficient Manufacturing Capabilities. Our manufacturing strategy is focused on optimizing our asset utilization across our display driver and power management products as well as our foundry services, which enables us to maintain the price competitiveness of our products and services through our low-cost operating structure and improve our operational efficiency. We believe the location of our primary manufacturing and research and development facilities in Asia and the relatively low need for ongoing capital expenditures provide us with a number of cost advantages. We offer specialty analog process technologies that do not require substantial investment in leading edge, smaller geometry process equipment. We are able to utilize our manufacturing base over an extended period of time and thereby minimize our capital expenditure requirements.	
Our Strategy
Our objective is to grow our business, our cash flow and profitability and to establish our position as a leading provider of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products and services for high-volume markets. Our business strategy emphasizes the following key elements:
 
•	 	Leverage Our Advanced Analog and Mixed-Signal Technology Platform to Innovate and Deliver New Products and Services. We intend to continue to utilize our extensive patent and technology portfolio,	
 
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 	analog and mixed-signal design and manufacturing expertise and specific end-market applications and system-level design expertise to deliver products with high levels of performance by utilizing our systems expertise and leveraging our deep knowledge of our customers’ needs.	
 
•	 	Increase Business with Existing Customers. We have a global customer base consisting of leading consumer electronics OEMs that sell into multiple end markets. We intend to continue to strengthen our relationships with our customers by collaborating on critical design and product development in order to improve our design-win rates. We seek to increase our customer penetration by more closely aligning our product roadmap with those of our key customers and take advantage of our broad product portfolio, our deep knowledge of customer needs and existing relationships to sell more existing and new products. For example, two of our largest display driver customers have display modules in production using our power management products. These power management products have been purchased and evaluated via their key subcontractors for LCD backlight units and LCD integrated power supplies.	
 
•	 	Broaden Our Customer Base. We expect to continue to expand our global design centers, local application engineering support and sales presence, particularly in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau, or collectively, Greater China, and other high-growth geographies, to penetrate new accounts. In addition, we intend to introduce new products and variations of existing products to address a broader customer base. In order to broaden our market penetration, we are complementing our direct customer relationships and sales with an improved base of distributors, especially to aid the growth of our power management business.	
 
•	 	Drive Execution Excellence. We intend to improve our execution through a number of management initiatives, new processes for product development, customer service and personnel development. We expect these ongoing initiatives will contribute to improvement of our new product development and customer service as well as enhance our commitment to a culture of quick action and execution by our workforce. In addition, we have focused on improving our manufacturing efficiency during the past several years.	
 
•	 	Optimize Asset Utilization, Return on Capital Investments and Cash Flow Generation. We intend to keep our capital expenditures relatively low by maintaining our focus on specialty process technologies that do not require substantial investment in frequent upgrades to the latest manufacturing equipment. By utilizing our manufacturing facilities for both our Display Solutions and Power Solutions products and our Foundry Services Group customers, we seek to maximize return on our capital investments and our cash flow generation.	
Our Technology
We continuously strengthen our advanced analog and mixed-signal semiconductor technology platform by developing innovative technologies and integrated circuit building blocks that enhance the functionality of electronics devices through brighter, thinner displays, enhanced image quality, smaller form factor and longer battery life. We seek to further build our technology platform through proprietary processes and selective licensing and acquisition of complementary technologies, as well as disciplined process improvements in our manufacturing operations. Our goal is to leverage our experience and development initiatives across multiple end markets and utilize our understanding of system-level issues our customers face to introduce new technologies that enable our customers to develop more advanced, higher performance products.
For example, in 2013, we introduced a range of intelligent sensor product families featuring 0.18 micron analog and mixed-signal technology with low power consumption. The MagnaChip sensor families include e-Compass and digital Hall sensors. MagnaChip’s intelligent sensors provide cost-effective features such as small form-factor, multi-function integration and low power consumption as a result of its use of 0.18 micron analog and mixed-signal technology and advanced design capabilities.
Our display technology portfolio includes building blocks for display drivers and timing controllers, processor and interface technologies, as well as sophisticated production techniques, such as chip-on-glass
 
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(COG), which enables the manufacture of thinner displays. Our advanced display drivers incorporate LTPS TFT and AMOLED panel technologies that enable the highest resolution displays. Furthermore, we are developing a broad intellectual property portfolio to improve the power efficiency of displays, including the development of our contents-based automatic brightness control (CABC) and automatic current limit (ACL).
We have a long history of specialized process technology development and have a number of distinctive process implementations. We have approximately 488 process flows we can utilize for our products and offer to our Foundry Services Group customers. Our process technologies include standard CMOS, high voltage CMOS, ultra-low leakage high voltage CMOS, low noise CMOS with embedded BCD and BCDMOS and radio frequency silicon on insulator (RFSOI). Our manufacturing processes incorporate embedded memory solutions, such as static random access memory (SRAM), one-time programmable (OTP) memory, multiple-time programmable (MTP) memory, electrical fuse, EEPROM and single-transistor random access memory (1TRAM). More broadly, we focus extensively on processes that reduce die size across all of the products we manufacture, in order to deliver cost-effective solutions to our customers.
Expertise in ultra-high voltage (UHV), high voltage and deep trench BCDMOS process technologies, low power analog and mixed-signal design capabilities and packaging know-how are key requirements in the power management market. We are currently leveraging our capabilities in these areas with products such as AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, linear regulators, regulators and analog switches and power MOSFETs. We believe our system-level understanding of applications such as LCD televisions and mobile phones will allow us to more quickly develop and customize power management solutions for our customers in these markets.
Products and Services by Business Line
Our broad portfolio of products and services addresses multiple high-growth, consumer-focused end markets. A key component of our product strategy is to supply multiple related product and service offerings to each of the end markets that we serve.
Foundry Services
We provide foundry services to analog and mixed-signal semiconductor companies. We have approximately 488 process flows we offer to our Foundry Services Group customers. We also partner with key customers to jointly develop or customize specialized processes that enable our customers to improve their products and allow us to develop unique manufacturing expertise.
Our Foundry Services Group targets customers who require differentiated, specialty analog and mixed-signal process technologies such as high voltage CMOS, embedded memory and power. We refer to our approach of delivering specialized services to our customers as our application-specific technology strategy. We differentiate ourselves through the depth of our intellectual property portfolio, ability to customize process technology to meet the customers’ requirements effectively, long history in this business and reputation for excellence.
Our Foundry Services Group customers vary from small fabless companies to large IDMs who serve consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and IoT applications.
Process Technology Overview
 
•	 	Mixed-Signal. Mixed-signal process technology is used in devices that require conversion of light and sound into electrical signals for processing and display. Our mixed-signal processes include advanced technologies such as low-noise process using triple gate, which uses less power at any given performance level.	
 
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•	 	Power. Power process technology, such as BCD, includes high-voltage capabilities as well as the ability to integrate functionalities, such as self-regulation, internal protection and other intelligent features. Unique process features, such as deep trench isolation, are suited for chip shrink and device performance enhancement.	
 
•	 	High Voltage CMOS. High-voltage CMOS process technology facilitates the use of high-voltage levels in conjunction with smaller transistor sizes. This process technology includes several variations, such as bipolar processes, which use transistors with qualities well suited for amplifying and switching applications, mixed-mode processes, which incorporate denser, more power efficient FETs, and thick metal processes.	
 
•	 	Non-Volatile Memory. Non-volatile memory (NVM), process technology enables the integration of non-volatile memory cells that allow retention of the stored information even when power is removed from the circuit. This type of memory is typically used for long-term persistent storage.	
The table below sets forth the key process technologies in Foundry Services Group that we currently offer to customers:

Process	  	Technology	 	Device	 	Application	
Mixed-Signal	  	•  0.13-0.8µm
•  Low noise
•  Ultra low power
•  Triple gate
•  RF SOI	 	•  Analog to digital converter
•  Digital to analog converter
•  Audio codec
•  Chipset
•  RF switch
•  Digital tunable capacitor
•  Fingerprint sensor	 	•  Smartphones
•  Tablet PCs
•  Notebooks
•  PC peripherals
•  DVD players	
 	 	 	 	
Power	  	•  0.18-0.5µm
•  BCD 30V-100V
•  Deep trench isolation
•  MOSFET
•  Schottky diode
•  Zener diode
•  Ultra high voltage 700V
•  Thick metal	 	•  Power management
•  LED driver
•  High power audio amp
•  Power Over Ethernet
•  DC/DC converter	 	•  Smartphones
•  Tablet PCs
•  Notebooks
•  LCD TVs
•  LED lighting
•  LCD monitors
•  Automotive	
 	 	 	 	
High-Voltage CMOS	  	•  0.11-2.0µm
•  5V-200V
•  Bipolar	 	•  Display driver
•  CSTN driver	 	•  Smartphones
•  Tablet PCs
•  LCD TVs
•  Desktop PCs
•  LCD monitors	
 	 	 	 	
NVM	  	•  0.13-0.5µm
•  EEPROM
•  eFlash
•  OTP
•  MTP	 	•  Microcontroller
•  Touch screen controller
•  Electronic tag memory
•  Hearing aid controller
•  Fingerprint sensor	 	•  Smartphones
•  Tablet PCs
•  Industrial applications
•  Medical equipment
•  Automotive	
 
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Display Solutions
Display Driver Characteristics. Display drivers deliver defined analog voltages and currents that activate pixels to exhibit images on displays. The following key characteristics determine display driver performance and end-market application:
 
•	 	Resolution and Number of Channels. Resolution determines the level of detail displayed within an image and is defined by the number of pixels per line multiplied by the number of lines on a display. For large displays, higher resolution typically requires more display drivers for each panel. Display drivers that have a greater number of channels, however, generally require fewer display drivers for each panel and command a higher selling price per unit. Mobile displays, conversely, are typically single chip solutions designed to deliver a specific resolution. We cover resolutions ranging from VGA (640 x 480) to UHD (3840 x 2160).	
 
•	 	Color Depth. Color depth is the number of colors that can be displayed on a panel. For example, for TFT-LCD panels, 262 thousand colors are supported by 6-bit source drivers; 16 million colors are supported by 8-bit source drivers; and 1 billion colors are supported by 10-bit source drivers.	
 
•	 	Operational Voltage. Display drivers are characterized by input and output voltages. Source drivers typically operate at input voltages from 1.62 to 3.6 volts and output voltages between 9 and 18 volts. Gate drivers typically operate at input voltages from 1.62 to 3.6 volts and output voltages from 30 to 45 volts. Lower input voltage results in lower power consumption and electromagnetic interference (EMI).	
 
•	 	Gamma Curve. The relationship between the light passing through a pixel and the voltage applied to the pixel by the source driver is referred to as the gamma curve. The gamma curve of the source driver can correct some imperfections in picture quality in a process generally known as gamma correction. Some advanced display drivers feature up to three independent gamma curves to facilitate this correction.	
 
•	 	Driver Interface. Driver interface refers to the connection between the timing controller and the display drivers. Display drivers increasingly require higher bandwidth interface technology to address the larger data transfer rate necessary for higher definition images. The principal types of interface technologies are embedded clock point to point interface (EPI), advanced intra panel interface (AIPI), mini-low voltage differential signaling (m-LVDS), unified standard interface for notebook and monitor (USI-GF), unified standard interface (USI), unified standard interface for TV (USI-T) and mobile industry processor interface (MIPI).	
 
•	 	Package Type. The assembly of display drivers typically uses chip-on-film (COF) and COG package types.	
Large Display Solutions. We provide display solutions for a wide range of flat panel display sizes used in LCD televisions, including ultra-high definition televisions, or UHD TVs, FHD TVs, HD TVs, LED TVs, 3D TVs, OLED TVs, LCD monitors, notebooks, tablet PCs, public information displays and automotive.
Our large display solutions include source and gate drivers and timing controllers with a variety of interfaces, voltages, frequencies and packages to meet customers’ needs. These products include advanced technologies such as high channel count, with products in mass production to provide up to 1,440 channels. Our large display solutions are designed to allow customers to cost-effectively meet the increasing demand for high resolution displays. We focus extensively on reducing the die size of our large display drivers and other solutions products to reduce costs without having to migrate to smaller geometries. For example, we have implemented several solutions to reduce die size in large display drivers, such as optimizing design schemes and design rules and applying specific technologies that we have developed internally. We have recently introduced a number of new large display drivers with reduced die size.
 
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The table below sets forth the features of our products, both in mass production and in customer qualification, which is the final stage of product development, for large-sized displays:

Product	 	Key Features	 	Applications	
TFT-LCD Source Drivers	 	•  480 to 1,542 output channels
•  6-bit (262 thousand colors), 8-bit (16 million colors), 10-bit (1 billion colors)
•  Output voltage ranging from 9V to 18V
•  Low power consumption and low EMI
•  COF package types
•  EPI, m-LVDS, AIPI, USI interface technologies	 	•  UHD/HD/LED/3D TVs
•  Notebooks
•  LCD/LED monitors	
 	 	 	
TFT-LCD Gate Drivers	 	•  272 to 960* output channels
•  Output voltage ranging from 30V to 45V
•  COF and COG package types	 	•  Tablet PCs
•  HD/LED/3D TVs
•  Notebooks
•  Automotive	
 	 	 	
Timing Controllers	 	•  Wide range of resolutions
•  EPI, m-LVDS, AIPI, MIPI, USI-T* interface technologies
•  Input voltage ranging from 1.6V to 3.6V	 	•  Tablet PCs
•  LCD/3D monitors
•  Public information display*	
 	 	 	
AMOLED Source Drivers	 	•  960* output channels
•  10 bit (1 billion colors)
•  Output voltage: 18V
•  COF package type
•  EPI interface technology	 	•  OLED TVs	
 
*	In customer qualification stage	
Mobile Display Solutions. Our mobile display solutions incorporate the industry’s most advanced display technologies, such as AMOLED and LTPS, as well as high-volume technologies such as a-Si (amorphous silicon) TFT. Our mobile display products offer specialized capabilities, including high speed serial interfaces, such as mobile display digital interface (MDDI), MIPI, reduced swing differential signaling interface (RSDS) and logic-based OTP memory. We focus extensively on reducing the die size of our mobile display drivers and other solutions products to reduce costs without having to migrate to smaller geometries. For example, we have implemented several solutions to reduce die size in mobile display drivers, such as optimizing design schemes and design rules and applying specific technologies that we have developed internally. Further, we are building a distinctive intellectual property portfolio that allows us to provide features that reduce power consumption, such as CABC and ACL. This intellectual property portfolio will also support our power management product development initiatives, as we leverage our system level understanding of power efficiency.
 
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The following table summarizes the features of our products, both in mass production and in customer qualification, which is the final stage of product development, for mobile displays:

Product	 	Key Features	 	Applications	
AMOLED	 	•  Resolutions of WVGA, QHD, HD720, WXGA and FHD
•  Color depth of 16 million
•  MIPI, eRVDS interface
•  Logic-based OTP
•  ABC, ACL	 	•  Smartphones
•  Game consoles
•  Digital still cameras
•  Tablet PCs
•  Virtual reality headsets	
 	 	 	
LTPS	 	•  Resolutions of VGA, WSVGA, WVGA and DVGA
•  Color depth of 16 million
•  MDDI, MIPI interface
•  Logic-based OTP
•  Separated gamma control	 	•  Smartphones
•  Digital still cameras	
 	 	 	
a-Si TFT	 	•  Resolutions of WQVGA, HVGA and WVGA
•  Color depth of 16 million
•  RSDS, MDDI, MIPI interface
•  CABC
•  Separated gamma control	 	•  Smartphones
•  Mobile phones
•  Digital still cameras
•  Automotive	
Sensor IC Solutions. We provide a range of intelligent sensor product families featuring 0.18 micron analog and mixed-signal technology with low power consumption. The MagnaChip sensor families target the growing market for applications ranging from smartphone, tablet PC and other consumer electronics to appliances and industrial devices. The MagnaChip sensor families include e-Compass sensors, digital Hall sensors and temperature and humidity sensors. MagnaChip’s intelligent sensors provide cost-effective features such as small form-factor and multi-function integration as a result of its use of 0.18 micron analog and mixed-signal technology and advanced design capabilities, as compared to currently available products.
Sensors are used for many applications and their use is growing rapidly. Furthermore, today’s increasingly sophisticated devices require an emerging class of intelligent sensors in mass volume. For instance, in handheld devices magnetic sensors are essential to implement compass-functionality and to detect the timing of opening and closing of a flip cover. MagnaChip’s intelligent sensor families address these magnetic sensor requirements with a new style of design made possible by integrating multiple functions.
The following table summarizes the features of our products, both in mass production and in customer qualification, which is the final stage of product development, for sensor IC:

Product	 	Key Features	 	Applications	
Electronic Compass IC	 	•  0.18 micron low-noise technology
•  Compass algorithm and magnetic field scanning
•  14-bit output for each 3 axis magnetic components
•  I2C bus interface	 	•  Smartphones	
 
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Product	 	Key Features	 	Applications	
Digital Hall Sensor IC	 	•  0.18 micron low-noise mixed-signal technology
•  Proprietary Hall technology
•  10-bit analog-digital converter and embedded logic controller
•  I2C digital interface	 	•  Smartphones
•  Tablet PCs
•  Industrial applications	
 	 	 	
Temperature & Humidity Sensor IC	 	•  0.18 micron low-noise mixed-signal technology
•  12C digital interface & selectable mixed signal output
•  12-bit analog-digital resolution for humidity and 14-bit analog-digital resolution for temperature
•  One chip integration of external components like Low Drop Out (LDO) and Digital to Analog convertor	 	•  Appliances	
Power Solutions
We develop, manufacture and market power management solutions for a wide range of end-market customers. The products include MOSFETs, IGBTs, power modules, AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, LED drivers, switching regulators and linear regulators, for a range of devices, including LCD, LED, 3D and UHD televisions, smartphones, mobile phones, desktop PCs, notebooks, tablet PCs, other consumer electronics, consumer appliances and industrial applications such as power suppliers, LED lighting and motor control.
 
•	 	MOSFETs. Our MOSFETs include low-voltage Trench MOSFETs, 20V to 150V, high-voltage Planar MOSFETs, 200V through 700V, and super junction MOSFETs, 500V through 800V. MOSFETs are used in applications to switch, shape or transfer electricity under varying power requirements. The key application segments are smartphones, mobile phones, LCD, LED, 3D and UHD televisions, desktop PCs, notebooks, tablet PCs, servers, lighting and power supplies for consumer electronics and industrial equipment. MOSFETs allow electronics manufacturers to achieve specific design goals of high efficiency and low standby power consumption. For example, computing solutions focus on delivering efficient controllers and MOSFETs for power management in VCORE, DDR and chipsets for audio, video and graphics processing systems.	
 
•	 	IGBTs. Our IGBTs include 650V to 1200V field stop trench IGBTs. IGBTs are used in high power industrial applications, such as UPSs, power supplies, motor drives, solar inverters, welding machines and consumer appliances.	
 
•	 	Power Modules. Power modules are used in broad range of medium-to-high power industrial and consumer applications such as UPSs, power supplies, motor drives, solar inverters, welding machines and consumer appliances.	
 
•	 	AC-DC Converters and DC-DC Converters. We offer AC-DC and DC-DC converters targeting mobile applications and high power applications like LCD, LED, 3D and UHD televisions, notebooks, smartphones, mobile phones set-top boxes and display modules. We expect our AC-DC and DC-DC converters will meet customer green power requirements by featuring wide input voltage ranges, high efficiency and small size.	
 
•	 	LED Drivers. LED backlighting drivers serve the fast-growing LCD panel backlighting market for LCD, LED and 3D televisions, LCD monitors, notebooks, smartphones and tablet PCs. Our products are designed to provide high efficiency and wide input voltage range, as well as pulse width modulation (PWM) dimming	
 
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 	for accurate white LED dimming control. LED lighting drivers have a wide input voltage range applicable to incandescent bulb and fluorescent lamp replacement.	
 
•	 	Switching Regulators and Linear Regulators. We also provide analog switching and linear regulators for mobile and consumer applications. Our products are designed for high efficiency and low power consumption in mobile applications.	
 
•	 	SSD PMIC. We also provide SSD PMIC for notebooks. Our product is designed for high frequency switching, high efficiency and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) function to reduce consumption power in low load of converters.	
Our power management solutions enable customers to increase system stability and improve heat dissipation and energy use, resulting in cost savings for our customers and consumers, as well as environmental benefits. Our in-house process technology capabilities and eight-inch wafer production lines increase efficiency and contribute to the competitiveness of our products.
The following table summarizes the features of our products, both in mass production and in customer qualification, which is the final stage of product development:

Product	 	Key Features	 	Applications	
Low Voltage MOSFET	 	•  Voltage options of 20V-150V
•  Advanced Trench MOSFET Process
•  High cell density
•  Advanced packages to enable reduction of PCB mounting area	 	•  Smartphones and mobile phones
•  Tablet PCs
•  Notebooks
•  LCD/LED/3D/UHD TVs
•  Desktop PCs
•  Servers	
 	 	 	
High Voltage MOSFET	 	•  Voltage options of 200V-700V
•  R2FET (rapid recovery) option to shorten reverse diode recovery time
•  Zenor FET option for MOSFET protection for abnormal input
•  Advanced Planar MOSFET Process
•  Advanced packages to enable reduction of PCB mounting area	 	•  Adaptors for tablet PC/mobile phone/smartphone
•  Power supplies
•  Lighting (ballast, HID, LED)
•  Industrial applications
•  LCD/LED/3D/UHD TVs	
 	 	 	
Super Junction MOSFET	 	•  Voltage options of 500V-800V
•  Low RDS(ON)
•  Epi stack process	 	•  LCD/LED/3D/UHD TVs
•  Lightings applications (ballast, HID, LED)
•  Smartphones
•  Power supplies
•  Servers
•  Industrial applications	
 	 	 	
IGBTs	 	•  Voltage options of 650V/1200V
•  Field Stop Trench IGBT
•  Current options from 25A to 60A*	 	•  Industrial applications
•  Consumer appliances	
 	 	 	
Power Modules	 	•  Voltage options of 400V/600V/ 1200V
•  IGBT modules/FRD modules
•  Current options from 50A to 300A	 	•  Industrial applications
•  Consumer appliances	
 
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Product	 	Key Features	 	Applications	
LED Backlighting Drivers	 	•  High efficiency, wide input voltage range
•  Advanced BCDMOS process
•  OCP, SCP, OVP and UVLO protections
•  Accurate LED current control and multi-channel matching
•  Programmable current limit, boost up frequency	 	•  Tablet PCs
•  Notebooks
•  Smartphones
•  LED/3D/UHD TVs
•  LED monitors	
 	 	 	
LED Lighting Drivers	 	•  High efficiency, wide input voltage range
•  Simple solutions with external components fully integrated
•  Advanced high voltage BCDMOS process
•  Accurate LED current control and high power factor and low THB	 	•  AC and DC LED lighting	
 	 	 	
AC-DC Converter	 	•  Wide control range for high power application (>150W)
•  Advanced BCDMOS process
•  High Precision Voltage Reference
•  Very low startup current consumption	 	•  LCD/LED/3D/UHD TVs
•  Power supplies	
 	 	 	
DC-DC Converters	 	•  High efficiency, wide input voltage range
•  Advanced BCDMOS process
•  Fast load and line regulation
•  Accurate output voltage
•  OCP, SCP and thermal protections	 	•  LCD/LED/3D/UHD TVs
•  Smartphones
•  Mobile phones
•  Notebooks
•  Set-top boxes	
 	 	 	
Switching Regulators and Linear Regulators	 	•  Single and multi-regulators
•  Low Noise Output regulators
•  Wide range of input voltage and various output current
•  CMOS and BCDMOS processes	 	•  Mobile phones	
 	 	 	
SSD PMIC	 	•  High current buck
•  PFM function
•  High frequency switching
•  High efficiency
•  High integration technology
•  Small QFN package	 	•  Notebooks	
 
*	In customer qualification stage	
 
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Sales and Marketing
We focus our sales and marketing strategy on continuing to grow and leverage our existing relationships with leading consumer electronics OEMs, while expanding into industrial and automotive end markets. For Foundry Services Group foundry, we focus on analog and mixed-signal semiconductor companies who see the benefit of our innovative technology and cost structure. We believe our close collaboration with customers allows us to align our product and process technology development with our customers’ existing and future needs. Because our customers often service multiple end markets, our product sales teams are organized by customers within the major geographies. We believe this facilitates the sale of products that address multiple end-market applications to each of our customers. Our Foundry Services Group sales teams focus on marketing our services to analog and mixed-signal semiconductor companies that require specialty manufacturing processes.
We sell our products through a direct sales force and a network of authorized agents and distributors. We have strategically located our sales and technical support offices near our customers. Our direct sales force consists primarily of representatives co-located with our design center in Korea, as well as our local sales and support offices in the United States, Japan, Greater China and Europe. We have a network of agents and distributors in Korea, the United States, Japan, Greater China and Europe. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we derived 69% and 76% of net sales through our direct sales force, respectively, and 31% and 24% of net sales through our network of authorized agents and distributors, respectively.
Research and Development
Our research and development efforts focus on intellectual property, design methodology and process technology for our complex analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products and services. Research and development expenses for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, were $83.4 million, $92.8 million and $87.9 million, respectively, representing 13.2%, 13.3% and 12.0% of net sales, respectively.
Customers
We sell our Display Solutions and Power Solutions products and Sensor solutions to consumer, computing and industrial electronics OEMs, original design manufacturers and electronics manufacturing services companies, as well as subsystem designers. We sell our foundry services to analog and mixed-signal semiconductor companies. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, our ten largest customers accounted for 64%, 61% and 59% of our net sales, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2015, sales to LG Display represented 15.2% of the Company’s net sales and 46.4% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales, and sales to Samsung Display Corporation represented 11.0% of the Company’s net sales and 33.6% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2014, sales to Samsung Display Corporation represented 11.4% of the Company’s net sales and 39.9% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales, and sales to LG Display represented 10.7% of the Company’s net sales and 37.5% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2013, sales to Samsung Display Corporation represented 11.3% of the Company’s net sales and 40.9% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2015, we recorded revenues of $51.2 million from customers in the United States and $582.5 million from all foreign countries, of which 41.5% was from Korea, 18.5% from Taiwan, 6.4% from Japan and 28.0% from Greater China. For the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded revenues of $91.3 million from customers in the United States and $606.9 million from all foreign countries, of which 43.9% was from Korea, 19.2% from Taiwan, 4.3% from Japan and 22.7% from Greater China. For the year ended December 31, 2013, we recorded revenues of $100.8 million from customers in the United States and $633.4 million from all foreign countries, of which 49.5% was from Korea, 23.4% from Taiwan, 3.4% from Japan and 15.2% from Greater China.
 
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Intellectual Property
As of December 31, 2015, our portfolio of intellectual property assets included approximately 3,274 registered patents and 454 pending patent applications. Approximately 2,426 and 160 of our patents and pending patents are novel in that they are not a foreign counterpart of an existing patent or patent application. Because we file patents in multiple jurisdictions, we additionally have approximately 1,142 registered and pending patents that relate to identical technical claims in our base patent portfolio. Our patents expire at various times approximately over the next 18 years. While these patents are in the aggregate important to our competitive position, we do not believe that any single registered or pending patent is material to us.
We have entered into exclusive and non-exclusive licenses and development agreements with third parties relating to the use of intellectual property of the third parties in our products and design processes, including licenses related to embedded memory technology, design tools, process simulation tools, circuit designs and processor cores. Some of these licenses, including our agreements with Silicon Works Co., Ltd. and ARM Limited, are material to our business and may be terminated by the licensors prior to the expiration of these licenses should we fail to cure any breach under such licenses. Our license with Silicon Works Co., Ltd. relates to our large display drivers, and our license from ARM Limited primarily relates to product lines in our Foundry Services Group business. The loss of either license could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. Additionally, in connection with the Original Acquisition, SK Hynix retained a perpetual license to use the intellectual property that we acquired from SK Hynix in the Original Acquisition. Under this license, SK Hynix and its subsidiaries are free to develop products that may incorporate or embody intellectual property developed by us prior to October 2004.
Competition
We operate in highly competitive markets characterized by rapid technological change and continually advancing customer requirements. Although no one company competes with us in all of our product lines, we face significant competition in each of our market segments. Our competitors include other independent and captive manufacturers and designers of analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits, including display driver and power management semiconductor devices, as well as companies providing specialty manufacturing services.
We compete based on design experience, manufacturing capabilities, the ability to service customer needs from the design phase through the shipping of a completed product, length of design cycle and quality of technical support and sales personnel. Our ability to compete successfully will depend on internal and external variables, both within and outside of our control. These variables include the timeliness with which we can develop new products and technologies, product performance and quality, manufacturing yields, capacity availability, customer service, pricing, industry trends and general economic trends.
Employees
Our worldwide workforce consisted of 3,220 employees (full- and part-time) as of December 31, 2015, of which 441 were involved in sales, marketing, general and administrative, 432 in research and development (including 237 with advanced degrees), 119 in quality, reliability and assurance and 2,228 in manufacturing (comprised of 338 in engineering and 1,890 in operations). As of December 31, 2015, our workforce consisted of 3,220 employees, of which 2,019 employees, or approximately 63% of our workforce, were represented by the MagnaChip Semiconductor Labor Union.
Environmental
We are subject to a variety of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate, governing, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges, the generation, use, handling, storage and disposal of, and exposure to, hazardous substances (including asbestos)
 
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and waste, soil and groundwater contamination and employee health and safety. These laws and regulations are complex, change frequently and have tended to become more stringent over time. Since 2015, our Korean subsidiary has been subject to a new set of greenhouse gas emissions regulation, the Korean Emissions Trading Scheme, or K-ETS, under the Act on Allocation and Trading of Greenhouse Gas Emission Allowances. Under K-ETS, our Korean subsidiary was allocated a certain amount of emissions allowance in accordance with the National Allocation Plan prepared by the Korean government and is required to meet its allocated target by either reducing the emission or purchasing the allowances from other participants in the emission trading market. Another example is the newly reinforced regulations on chemicals under Chemicals Control Act and K-REACH, which came into effect on January 1, 2015. Under these laws, our Korean subsidiary is required to comply with various requirements to report, evaluate, manage and ensure the safe usage of the chemicals used in its facilities. There can be no assurance that we have been or will be in compliance with all of these laws and regulations, or that we will not incur material costs or liabilities in connection with these laws and regulations in the future. The adoption of new environmental, health and safety laws and the failure to comply with new or existing laws or issues relating to hazardous substances could subject us to material liability (including substantial fines or penalties), impose the need for additional capital equipment or other process requirements upon us, curtail our operations or restrict our ability to expand operations.
Raw Materials
We use processes that require specialized raw materials that are generally available from a limited number of suppliers. We continue to attempt to qualify additional suppliers for our raw materials. The Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), as mandated by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, adopted new disclosure regulations for public companies that manufacture products containing certain minerals that are mined from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries. These “conflict minerals” are commonly found in metals used in the manufacture of semiconductors. The implementation of these new requirements could adversely affect the sourcing, availability and pricing of metals used in the manufacture of our products. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Compliance with new regulations regarding the use of “conflict minerals” could limit the supply and increase the cost of certain raw materials used in manufacturing our products.”
Geographic Financial Information
For a description of the distribution of our net sales by geographic region, see “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014—Net Sales by Geographic Region,” “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013—Net Sales by Geographic Region” and “Note 17. Geographic and Segment Information” to our consolidated financial statements under “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” included elsewhere in this Report.
Available Information
Our principal executive offices are located at: c/o MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A., 1, Allée Scheffer, L-2520 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, and our telephone number is (352) 45-62-62. Our website address is www.magnachip.com. Our annual, quarterly and current reports on Forms 10-K, 10-Q or 8-K, respectively, and all amendments thereto filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, can be accessed, free of charge, at our website as soon as practicable after such reports are filed with the SEC. In addition, our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, Audit Committee Charter, Compensation Committee Charter, Nominating and Governance Committee Charter and Risk Committee Charter are available on our website. Information contained on our website does not constitute, and shall not be deemed to constitute, part of this Report and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Report.
 
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You may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an internet site, www.sec.gov, from which you can access our annual, quarterly and current reports on Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K, respectively, and all amendments to these materials after such reports and amendments are filed with the SEC. In addition, you may request a copy of any of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or phone number: c/o MagnaChip Semiconductor, Inc., 20400 Stevens Creek Boulevard, Suite 370, Cupertino, CA 95014, Attention: General Counsel and Secretary; the telephone number at that address is (408) 625-5999.
Executive Officers of the Company
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our current executive officers:

Name	  	Age	 	  	Position	
Young-Joon (YJ) Kim	  	 	51	  	  	Chief Executive Officer and Director	
Jonathan Kim	  	 	41	  	  	Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer	
Theodore Kim	  	 	46	  	  	Chief Compliance Officer, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary	
Tae Jong Lee	  	 	53	  	  	Executive Vice President and General Manager, Foundry Services Group	
Woung Moo Lee	  	 	53	  	  	Executive Vice President and General Manager, Standard Products Group	
Young-Joon (YJ) Kim, Chief Executive Officer and Director. Mr. YJ Kim became our director and Chief Executive Officer in May 2015, after serving as Interim Chief Executive Officer since May 2014. Mr. YJ Kim served as our General Manager, Semiconductor Manufacturing Services, from May 2015 to November 2015 and previously served as our General Manager, Display Solutions Division and Executive Vice President from May 2013 to May 2015. Prior to joining our Company, Mr. YJ Kim served at Cavium, Inc., a leading provider of semiconductor products that enable secure and intelligent processing for enterprise, datacenter, cloud, wired and wireless networking, from June 2006 to April 2013, most recently as Vice President, Infrastructure Processor Division, and General Manager at the Multi-Core Processor Group. Prior to Cavium, Mr. YJ Kim served as Core Team Lead and General Manager of Tolapai Program at Intel Corporation from August 2004 to June 2006. YJ Kim also served as Director of Marketing at Samsung Semiconductor, Inc. from June 1996 to May 1998. In 1988, Mr. YJ Kim began his career as a product engineer at Intel Corporation. In 1998, Mr. Kim cofounded API Networks, a joint venture between Samsung and Compaq specializing in alpha processors, where he served as the head of product management, worldwide sales and business development. Mr. YJ Kim has over 27 years of experience in the semiconductor industry, covering engineering, marketing, product development, strategic planning and general management for microprocessors, network processors, FLASH, EPROM, analog, mixed-signal, sensors, workstations and servers. Mr. YJ Kim holds B.S. and M.Eng degrees in Electrical Engineering from Cornell University.
Jonathan Kim, Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer. Mr. J. Kim was appointed our Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President in May 2015, after serving as our Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Senior Vice President since March 2014. Prior to joining our company, Mr. J. Kim served since July 2010 as the Chief Financial Officer of StartForce, Inc., a VC backed desktop virtualization company, which was acquired in February 2011 by ZeroDesktop, Inc., a leading developer of next-generation desktop virtualization and cloud computing solutions. Mr. J. Kim continued to serve as the Chief Financial Officer at ZeroDesktop through March 2014. Mr. J. Kim also served as a principal at a Silicon Valley based investment and advisory firm where he led investments in startup companies in the U.S. and Korea. Mr. J. Kim began his career in public accounting and held various positions with Deloitte for nearly 10 years, serving Global Fortune 500 and U.S. multinational publicly traded clients in the Technology, Media & Telecommunication
 
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sectors. Mr. J. Kim holds a B.A. degree in Business Administration from the Foster School of Business at the University of Washington and is a Certified Public Accountant.
Theodore Kim, Chief Compliance Officer, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Mr. T. Kim became our Chief Compliance Officer and Executive Vice President in May 2015, and became our General Counsel and Secretary in November 2013. Mr. T. Kim previously served as our Senior Vice President from November 2013 to May 2015. Prior to joining our Company, Mr. T. Kim served as Head Lawyer, Global Business Development at Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance from October 2012 to October 2013. Mr. T. Kim was employed by Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, a law firm, from October 2005 to July 2012, serving most recently as Of Counsel. Prior to that, he served as Foreign Legal Consultant at Kim & Chang, a law firm in Korea, from 2001 to 2005. Mr. Kim holds a B.A. degree in Economics and a B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California, Irvine, and a J.D. degree from the University of California, Los Angeles, School of Law.
Tae Jong Lee, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Foundry Services Group. Mr. Lee became our General Manager, Foundry Services Group, in November 2015 and became our Executive Vice President in December 2011, after serving successively as Senior Vice President and Vice President and General Manager, Corporate Engineering, since September 2007. Prior to joining our Company, Mr. Lee served as Director of the Technology Development Division, Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing, in Singapore from 1999 to August 2007. Mr. Lee holds B.S. and M.S. degrees from Seoul National University, and a Ph.D in Physics from the University of Texas at Dallas.
Woung Moo Lee, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Standard Products Group. Mr. Woung Moo Lee became our Executive Vice President and General Manager, Standard Products Group in November 2015. He previously served as our Senior Vice President, Korea Sales from 2013. Prior to joining our Company, he was one of the founding executives and served as Vice President, Global Strategy and Marketing, Samsung LED Co., Ltd. from 2009 to 2011. In 1984, Mr. Lee began his career as a memory semiconductor design engineer and served as Vice President of Memory Strategy & Marketing Team at Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. until 2009. Mr. Lee received the “Proud Samsung Employee Award” in 2005 and holds a B.S. degree in Electronic Engineering from Inha University.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the risk factors set forth below as well as the other information contained in this Report. Any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. As a result, the price of our common stock could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment in our common stock. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or those currently viewed by us to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Restatement of Prior Period Financial Data and Our Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We concluded that there were material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, which adversely affected our ability to timely and accurately report our results of operations and financial condition. These material weaknesses have not been fully remediated as of the filing date of this Report and we cannot assure that other material weaknesses will not be identified in the future. If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, the accuracy and timing of our financial reporting may be adversely affected.
As reported in “Item 9A. Controls and Procedures” of this Report, we have concluded that there are material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and that our disclosure controls and procedures were ineffective as of December 31, 2015. It is necessary for us to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting to prevent fraud and errors and to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures so that we can
 
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provide timely and reliable financial and other information. A failure to maintain adequate internal controls may adversely affect our ability to provide financial statements that accurately reflect our financial condition and report information on a timely basis. This could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information, cause our securities to trade at a decreased price and cause an adverse effect on our business and results of operations. A failure to remediate material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting could result in further restatements of financial statements and correction of other information filed with the SEC or otherwise made publicly available.
The processes undertaken to effect our restatement of prior period financial data may not have been adequate to identify and correct all errors in our historical financial statements and, as a result, we may discover additional errors and our financial statements remain subject to the risk of future restatement.
As discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 (the “2013 Form 10-K”) in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements under “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in our 2013 Form 10-K, our Audit Committee concluded that certain of our previously issued financial statements should no longer be relied upon because of certain errors in those financial statements. The 2013 Form 10-K restated and corrected the following financial statements of the Company (the “Restatement”): (i) the audited consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011; and (ii) the five year selected financial data presented in 2013 Form 10-K. The completion of our Restatement involved many months of review and analysis, including highly technical analyses of our contracts and business practices, estimates and assumptions made by management, tax accounting and the proper application of relevant accounting rules and pronouncements. Many of the enhancements and changes to our processes are ongoing as of the filing date of this Report, and we continue to integrate the complex changes we have already made. Given the complexity and scope of these exercises, and notwithstanding the extensive time, effort and expense that went into them, we cannot assure that these processes were adequate to identify and correct all errors in our historical financial statements or that additional accounting errors will not come to light in the future in these or other areas.
The outcome of litigation and other claims as well as regulatory examinations, investigations, proceedings and orders arising out of the Restatement are unpredictable, and any orders, actions or rulings not in our favor could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.
The circumstances which gave rise to the Restatement continue to create the risk of litigation and claims by investors and examinations, investigations, proceedings and orders by regulatory authorities, the final outcome of which remains uncertain and which could be expensive and damaging to our business and financial condition. See “Item 3, Legal Proceeding”.
The Restatement could adversely impact our ability to access the capital markets and other financing arrangements.
Our ability to obtain financing, if needed, depends upon many factors, including our business prospects and creditworthiness as well as external economic conditions and general liquidity in the credit and capital markets. In light of the Restatement, we may be unable, if needed, to secure outside financing to fund ongoing operations and for other capital needs, including the refinancing of our 2021 Notes if necessary. Any sources of financing that may be available to us could also be at higher costs and require us to satisfy more restrictive covenants, which could limit or restrict our operations, cash flows and earnings. We cannot assure that additional financing would be available to us, or be sufficient or available on satisfactory terms.
We have incurred and expect to continue to incur significant expenses and human resources related to the Restatement, the remediation of deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, and related investigation and legal defense costs.
We have devoted and expect to continue to devote substantial internal and external resources to remediation efforts relating to the Restatement and related investigation and legal defense costs. These expenses, as well as
 
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the substantial time devoted by our management towards identifying and addressing any internal weaknesses and attending to the litigation, claims and other actions related to the Restatement, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Risks Related to Our Business
We operate in the highly cyclical semiconductor industry, which is subject to significant downturns that may negatively impact our results of operations.
The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical and is characterized by constant and rapid technological change and price erosion, evolving technical standards, short product life cycles (for semiconductors and for the end-user products in which they are used) and wide fluctuations in product supply and demand. From time to time, these and other factors, together with changes in general economic conditions, cause significant upturns and downturns in the industry in general and in our business in particular. Periods of industry downturns have been characterized by diminished demand for end-user products, high inventory levels, underutilization of manufacturing capacity, changes in revenue mix and accelerated erosion of average selling prices. We have experienced these conditions in our business in the past and may experience renewed, and possibly more severe and prolonged, downturns in the future as a result of such cyclical changes. This may reduce our results of operations.
We base our planned operating expenses in part on our expectations of future revenue, and a significant portion of our expenses is relatively fixed in the short term. If revenue for a particular quarter is lower than we expect, we likely will be unable to proportionately reduce our operating expenses for that quarter, which would harm our operating results for that quarter.
Our restructuring activities and dispositions of assets and businesses could result in lost business and other costs that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
From time to time, we may choose to sell assets, restructure business operations, shut down manufacturing lines or otherwise dispose of assets and businesses as part of management’s strategies to better align our product offerings with market demands and our customers’ needs. In connection with these activities, we face risks that we will disrupt service to our customers, lose business and incur significant costs related to such activities. These risks include potential damage to our reputation and customer relationships if we are unable to effectively transition such customer relationships to other production lines or products or if we cannot effectively manage our supplier and vendor relationships during such activities. In addition, we may also face claims or costs associated with transitioning or eliminating certain employee positions and modifying or terminating vendor relationships in connection with those exit activities.
For example, in December 2014, we announced that our Board of Directors had adopted a plan to close our 6-inch fab. While the 6-inch fab closure was initially expected to be substantially completed by the end of 2015, we now expect that the closure will be substantially completed in the first quarter of 2016, and that the aggregate costs associated with customer transition, equipment transfer, clean-up and other costs are expected to be approximately $2.0 million. While we currently anticipate transitioning affected employees and certain customers to other production facilities, such activities may result in significant disruption on our business and the loss of customers and revenue during such transition, which could result in lost revenue and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, both during such transition and after the 6-inch fab closure is completed. In addition, the closure of the 6-inch fab could create management distractions and business disruptions affecting our other manufacturing facilities in connection with the transition, including, among other things, reduced employee morale, increased employee training cost and reduced productivity.
We have experienced recent net losses and have relied on our cash reserves to fund our operations and implement our business plans and strategy. If we are unable to improve cash flows from operating activities or obtain additional capital to meet our liquidity and capital resource requirements to pursue our turnaround and growth strategies, our business and results of operations may be adversely affected.
In the past several quarters, we have experienced net losses from operations as we have begun to shift our business and operations to respond to changes in consumer and customer demands. As a result of these trends, as
 
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well as the extraordinary costs we have incurred and will continue to incur associated with our restatement of prior period financial data and related legal proceedings, we have experienced a deterioration of our cash reserves over the same period. If we continue to experience negative cash flows from operating activities, we will need to rely further on our cash reserves to fund our operations or seek additional capital. There can be no assurance that any additional equity or debt financing would be available to us, or if available, that such financing would be on favorable terms to us. Accordingly, if we are unable to obtain additional capital or our business does not generate sufficient cash flows from operating activities to fund our working capital needs and planned capital expenditures, and our cash reserves are depleted, we may need to take various actions, such as down-sizing and/or eliminating certain operations, which could include additional exit costs, reducing or delaying capital expenditures, selling assets, or other restructuring actions. There can be no assurance that we would be successful in taking such actions and, in any event, such actions may result in a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
If we fail to develop new products and process technologies or enhance our existing products and services in order to react to rapid technological change and market demands, our business will suffer.
Our industry is subject to constant and rapid technological change and product obsolescence as customers and competitors create new and innovative products and technologies. Products or technologies developed by other companies may render our products or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive, and we may not be able to access advanced process technologies, including smaller geometries, or to license or otherwise obtain essential intellectual property required by our customers.
We must develop new products and services and enhance our existing products and services to meet rapidly evolving customer requirements. We design products for customers who continually require higher performance and functionality at lower costs. We must, therefore, continue to enhance the performance and functionality of our products. The development process for these advancements is lengthy and requires us to accurately anticipate technological changes and market trends. Developing and enhancing these products is uncertain and can be time-consuming, costly and complex. If we do not continue to develop and maintain process technologies that are in demand by our Foundry Services Group customers, we may be unable to maintain existing customers or attract new customers.
Customer and market requirements can change during the development process. There is a risk that these developments and enhancements will be late, fail to meet customer or market specifications or not be competitive with products or services from our competitors that offer comparable or superior performance and functionality. Any new products, such as our expanding line of power management solutions, or product or service enhancements, may not be accepted in new or existing markets. Our business will suffer if we fail to develop and introduce new products and services or product and service enhancements on a timely and cost-effective basis.
Poor global economic conditions may negatively affect our future business, results of operations and financial condition.
Recent macroeconomic news and global financial markets instability related to concerns over economic slowdown in China and other regions, as well as the global effects of falling crude oil prices, have created uncertainty which may negatively affect the demand for our products and services. Further deterioration in economic conditions in the markets in which we or our customers operate could lead to reduced consumer spending in the semiconductor market generally and our target markets specifically, which could cause U.S. and foreign businesses to slow spending on our products, lead to the distress or insolvency of key suppliers or customers, or impact the ability of our customers to obtain credit for purposes of purchasing our products. Any such sustained or worsening global economic conditions could materially and adversely affect our future business, results of operations and financial conditions.
We manufacture our products based on our estimates of customer demand, and if our estimates are incorrect, our financial results could be negatively impacted.
We make significant decisions, including determining the levels of business that we will seek and accept, production schedules, component procurement commitments, personnel needs and other resource requirements,
 
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based on our estimates of customer demand and expected demand for and success of their products. The short-term nature of commitments by many of our customers and the possibility of rapid changes in demand for their products reduces our ability to estimate accurately future customer demand for our products. On occasion, customers may require rapid increases in supply, which can challenge our production resources and reduce margins. We may not have sufficient capacity at any given time to meet our customers’ increased demand for our products. Conversely, downturns in the semiconductor industry have caused and may in the future cause our customers to reduce significantly the amount of products they order from us. Because many of our costs and operating expenses are relatively fixed, a reduction in customer demand would decrease our results of operations, including our gross profit.
Our customers may cancel their orders, reduce quantities or delay production, which would adversely affect our margins and results of operations.
We generally do not obtain firm, long-term purchase commitments from our customers. Customers may cancel their orders, reduce quantities or delay production for a number of reasons. Cancellations, reductions or delays by a significant customer or by a group of customers, which we have experienced as a result of periodic downturns in the semiconductor industry, or failure to achieve design-wins, have affected and may continue to affect our results of operations adversely. These risks are exacerbated because many of our products are customized, which hampers our ability to sell excess inventory to the general market. We may incur charges resulting from the write-off of obsolete inventory. In addition, while we do not obtain long-term purchase commitments, we generally agree to the pricing of a particular product over a set period of time. If we underestimate our costs when determining pricing, our margins and results of operations would be adversely affected.
We depend on high utilization of our manufacturing capacity, a reduction of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and the results of our operations.
An important factor in our success is the extent to which we are able to utilize the available capacity in our fabrication facilities. As many of our costs are fixed, a reduction in capacity utilization, as well as changes in other factors, such as reduced yield or unfavorable product mix, could reduce our profit margins and adversely affect our operating results. A number of factors and circumstances may reduce utilization rates, including periods of industry overcapacity, low levels of customer orders, operating inefficiencies, mechanical failures and disruption of operations due to expansion or relocation of operations, power interruptions and fire, flood or other natural disasters or calamities. The potential delays and costs resulting from these steps could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
A significant portion of our sales comes from a relatively limited number of customers, the loss of which would adversely affect our financial results.
Historically, we have relied on a limited number of customers for a substantial portion of our total revenue. If we were to lose key customers or if customers cease to place orders for our high-volume products or services, our financial results would be adversely affected. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, our ten largest customers accounted for 64%, 61% and 59% of our net sales, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2015, sales to LG Display represented 15.2% of the Company’s net sales and 46.4% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales, and sales to Samsung Display Corporation represented 11.0% of the Company’s net sales and 33.6% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2014, sales to Samsung Display Corporation represented 11.4% of the Company’s net sales and 39.9% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales, and sales to LG Display represented 10.7% of the Company’s net sales and 37.5% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2013, sales to Samsung Display Corporation represented 11.3% of the Company’s net sales and 40.9% of our Display Solutions division’s net sales. Significant reductions in sales to any of these customers, especially our few largest customers, the loss of other major customers or a general curtailment in orders for our high-volume products or services within a short period of time would adversely affect our business.
 
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The average selling prices of our semiconductor products have at times declined rapidly and will likely do so in the future, which could harm our revenue and gross profit.
The semiconductor products we develop and sell are subject to rapid declines in average selling prices. From time to time, we have had to reduce our prices significantly to meet customer requirements, and we may be required to reduce our prices in the future. This would cause our gross profit to decrease. Our financial results will suffer if we are unable to offset any reductions in our average selling prices by increasing our sales volumes, reducing our costs or developing new or enhanced products on a timely basis with higher selling prices or gross profit.
Our industry is highly competitive, and our ability to compete could be negatively impacted by a variety of factors.
The semiconductor industry is highly competitive and includes hundreds of companies, a number of which have achieved substantial market share within both our product categories and end markets. Current and prospective customers for our products and services evaluate our capabilities against the merits of our competitors. Some of our competitors are well established as independent companies and have substantially greater market share and manufacturing, financial, research and development and marketing resources than we do. We also compete with emerging companies that are attempting to sell their products in certain of our end markets and with the internal semiconductor design and manufacturing capabilities of many of our significant customers. We expect to experience continuing competitive pressures in our markets from existing competitors and new entrants.
Any consolidation among our competitors could enhance their product offerings and financial resources, further enhancing their competitive position. Our ability to compete will depend on a number of factors, including the following:
 
•	 	our ability to offer cost-effective and high quality products and services on a timely basis using our technologies;	
 
•	 	our ability to accurately identify and respond to emerging technological trends and demand for product features and performance characteristics;	
 
•	 	our ability to continue to rapidly introduce new products that are accepted by the market;	
 
•	 	our ability to adopt or adapt to emerging industry standards;	
 
•	 	the number and nature of our competitors and competitiveness of their products and services in a given market;	
 
•	 	entrance of new competitors into our markets;	
 
•	 	our ability to enter the highly competitive power management market; and	
 
•	 	our ability to continue to offer in demand foundry services at competitive prices.	
Many of these factors are outside of our control. In the future, our competitors may replace us as a supplier to our existing or potential customers, and our customers may satisfy more of their requirements internally. As a result, we may experience declining revenues and results of operations.
Changes in demand for consumer electronics in our end markets can impact our results of operations.
Demand for our products will depend in part on the demand for various consumer electronics products, in particular, mobile phones and multimedia devices, digital televisions, flat panel displays, mobile PCs and digital cameras, which in turn depends on general economic conditions and other factors beyond our control. If our customers fail to introduce new products that employ our products or component parts, demand for our products will suffer. To the extent that we cannot offset periods of reduced demand that may occur in these markets through greater penetration of these markets or reduction in our production and costs, our sales and gross profit may decline, which would negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
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If we fail to achieve design-wins for our semiconductor products, we may lose the opportunity for sales to customers for a significant period of time and be unable to recoup our investments in our products.
We expend considerable resources on winning competitive selection processes, known as design-wins, to develop semiconductor products for use in our customers’ products. These selection processes are typically lengthy and can require us to incur significant design and development expenditures. We may not win the competitive selection process and may never generate any revenue despite incurring significant design and development expenditures. Once a customer designs a semiconductor into a product, that customer is likely to continue to use the same semiconductor or enhanced versions of that semiconductor from the same supplier across a number of similar and successor products for a lengthy period of time due to the significant costs associated with qualifying a new supplier and potentially redesigning the product to incorporate a different semiconductor. If we fail to achieve initial design-wins in a customer’s qualification process, we may lose the opportunity for significant sales to that customer for a number of products and for a lengthy period of time. This may cause us to be unable to recoup our investments in our semiconductor products, which would harm our business.
We have lengthy and expensive design-to-mass production and manufacturing process development cycles that may cause us to incur significant expenses without realizing meaningful sales, the occurrence of which would harm our business.
The cycle time from the design stage to mass production for some of our products is long and requires the investment of significant resources with many potential customers without any guarantee of sales. Our design-to-mass production cycle typically begins with a three-to-twelve month semiconductor development stage and test period followed by a three-to-twelve month end-product qualification period by our customers. The fairly lengthy front end of our sales cycle creates a risk that we may incur significant expenses but may be unable to realize meaningful sales. Moreover, prior to mass production, customers may decide to cancel their products or change production specifications, resulting in sudden changes in our product specifications, increasing our production time and costs. Failure to meet such specifications may also delay the launch of our products or result in lost sales.
In addition, we collaborate and jointly develop certain process technologies and manufacturing process flows customized for certain of our Foundry Services Groups customers. To the extent that our Foundry Services Group customers fail to achieve market acceptance for their products, we may be unable to recoup our engineering resources commitment and our investment in process technology development, which would harm our business.
Research and development investments may not yield profitable and commercially viable product and service offerings and thus will not necessarily result in increases in revenues for us.
We invest significant resources in our research and development. Our research and development efforts, however, may not yield commercially viable products or enhance our foundry services offerings. During each stage of research and development, there is a substantial risk that we will have to abandon a potential product or service offering that is no longer marketable and in which we have invested significant resources. In the event we are able to develop viable new products or service offerings, a significant amount of time will have elapsed between our investment in the necessary research and development effort and the receipt of any related revenues.
We face numerous challenges relating to executing our growth strategy, and if we are unable to execute our growth strategy effectively, our business and financial results could be materially and adversely affected.
Our growth strategy is to leverage our advanced analog and mixed-signal technology platform, continue to innovate and deliver new products and services, increase business with existing customers, broaden our customer base, aggressively grow our power business, drive execution excellence and focus on specialty process
 
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technologies. If we are unable to execute our growth strategy effectively, we may not be able to take advantage of market opportunities, execute our business plan or respond to competitive pressures. Moreover, if our allocation of resources does not correspond with future demand for particular products, we could miss market opportunities and our business and financial results could be materially and adversely affected.
We are subject to risks associated with currency fluctuations, and changes in the exchange rates of applicable currencies could impact our results of operations.
Historically, a portion of our revenues and greater than the majority of our operating expenses and costs of sales have been denominated in non-U.S. currencies, principally the Korean won, and we expect that this will remain true in the future. Because we report our results of operations in U.S. dollars, changes in the exchange rate between the Korean won and the U.S. dollar could materially impact our reported results of operations and distort period to period comparisons. In particular, because of the difference in the amount of our consolidated revenues and expenses that are in U.S. dollars relative to Korean won, a depreciation in the U.S. dollar relative to the Korean won could result in a material increase in reported costs relative to revenues, and therefore could cause our profit margins and operating income to appear to decline materially, particularly relative to prior periods. The converse is true if the U.S. dollar were to appreciate relative to the Korean won. For example, foreign currency fluctuations had a favorable impact on our reported profit margins and operating income from operations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, whereas foreign currency fluctuations had an unfavorable impact on our reported profit margins and operating income from operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 Moreover, our foreign currency gain or loss would be affected by changes in the exchange rate between the Korean won and the U.S. dollar as a substantial portion of non-cash translation gain or loss is associated with the intercompany long-term loans to our Korean subsidiary, which is denominated in U.S. dollars. As of December 31, 2015, the outstanding intercompany loan balance including accrued interests between our Korean subsidiary and our Dutch subsidiary was $591 million. As a result of foreign currency fluctuations, it could be more difficult to detect underlying trends in our business and results of operations. In addition, to the extent that fluctuations in currency exchange rates cause our results of operations to differ from our expectations or the expectations of our investors, the trading price of our stock or the price of the 2021 Notes could be adversely affected.
From time to time, we may engage in exchange rate hedging activities in an effort to mitigate the impact of exchange rate fluctuations. Our Korean subsidiary enters into foreign currency forward and zero cost collar contracts in order to mitigate a portion of the impact of U.S. dollar-Korean won exchange rate fluctuations on our operating results. These foreign currency forward and zero cost collar contracts typically require us to sell specified notional amounts in U.S. dollars and provide us the option to sell specified notional amounts in U.S. dollars during successive months to our counterparty in exchange for Korean won at specified exchange rates. Obligations under these foreign currency forward and zero cost collar contracts must be cash collateralized if our exposure exceeds certain specified thresholds. These forward and zero cost collar contracts may be terminated by the counterparty in a number of circumstances, including if our total cash and cash equivalents is less than $30 million at the end of a fiscal quarter. We cannot assure that any hedging technique we implement will be effective. If our hedging activities are not effective, changes in currency exchange rates may have a more significant impact on our results of operations. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Factors Affecting our Results of Operations” for further details.
The loss of our key employees would materially adversely affect our business, and we may not be able to attract or retain the technical or management employees necessary to compete in our industry.
Our key executives have substantial experience and have made significant contributions to our business, and our continued success is dependent upon the retention of our key management executives. The loss of such key personnel would have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, our future success depends on our ability to attract and retain skilled technical and managerial personnel. We do not know whether we will be able to retain all of these employees as we continue to pursue our business strategy. The loss of the services of key employees, especially our key design and technical personnel, or our inability to retain, attract and motivate
 
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qualified design and technical personnel, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. This could hinder our research and product development programs or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business.
If we encounter future labor problems, we may fail to deliver our products and services in a timely manner, which would adversely affect our revenues and profitability.
As of December 31, 2015, 2,019 employees, or approximately 63% of our employees, were represented by the MagnaChip Semiconductor Labor Union. We can offer no assurance that any issues with the labor union and other employees will be resolved favorably for us in the future, that we will not experience work stoppages or other labor problems in future years or that we will not incur significant expenses related to such issues.
We may incur costs to engage in future business combinations or strategic investments, and we may not realize the anticipated benefits of those transactions.
As part of our business strategy, we may seek to enter into business combinations, investments, joint ventures and other strategic alliances with other companies in order to maintain and grow revenue and market presence as well as to provide us with access to technology, products and services. Any such transaction would be accompanied by risks that may harm our business, such as difficulties in assimilating the operations, personnel and products of an acquired business or in realizing the projected benefits, disruption of our ongoing business, potential increases in our indebtedness and contingent liabilities and charges if the acquired company or assets are later determined to be worth less than the amount paid for them in an earlier original acquisition. In addition, our indebtedness may restrict us from making acquisitions that we may otherwise wish to pursue.
The failure to achieve acceptable manufacturing yields could adversely affect our business.
The manufacture of semiconductors involves highly complex processes that require precision, a highly regulated and sterile environment and specialized equipment. Defects or other difficulties in the manufacturing process can prevent us from achieving acceptable yields in the manufacture of our products or those of our Foundry Services Group customers, which could lead to higher costs, a loss of customers or delay in market acceptance of our products. Slight impurities or defects in the photomasks used to print circuits on a wafer or other factors can cause significant difficulties, particularly in connection with the production of a new product, the adoption of a new manufacturing process or any expansion of our manufacturing capacity and related transitions. We may also experience manufacturing problems in achieving acceptable yields as a result of, among other things, transferring production to other facilities, upgrading or expanding existing facilities or changing our process technologies. Yields below our target levels can negatively impact our gross profit and may cause us to eliminate underperforming products.
We rely on a number of independent subcontractors and the failure of any of these independent subcontractors to perform as required could adversely affect our operating results.
A substantial portion of our net sales are derived from semiconductor devices assembled in packages or on film. The packaging and testing of semiconductors require technical skill and specialized equipment. For the portion of packaging and testing that we outsource, we use subcontractors located in Korea, China, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Austria. We rely on these subcontractors to package and test our devices with acceptable quality and yield levels. We could be adversely affected by political disorders, labor disruptions and natural disasters where our subcontractors are located. If our semiconductor packagers and test service providers experience problems in packaging and testing our semiconductor devices, experience prolonged quality or yield problems or decrease the capacity available to us, our operating results could be adversely affected.
 
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We depend on successful parts and materials procurement for our manufacturing processes, and a shortage or increase in the price of these materials could interrupt our operations and result in a decline of revenues and results of operations.
We procure materials and electronic and mechanical components from international sources and original equipment manufacturers. We use a wide range of parts and materials in the production of our semiconductors, including silicon, processing chemicals, processing gases, precious metals and electronic and mechanical components, some of which, such as silicon wafers, are specialized raw materials that are generally only available from a limited number of suppliers. We do not have long-term agreements providing for all of these materials; thus, if demand increases or supply decreases for any reason, the costs of our raw materials could significantly increase. For example, worldwide supplies of silicon wafers, an important raw material for the semiconductors we manufacture, were constrained in recent years due to an increased demand for silicon. Silicon is also a key raw material for solar cells, the demand for which has increased in recent years. Although supplies of silicon have recently improved due to the entrance of additional suppliers and capacity expansion by existing suppliers, we cannot assure that such supply increases will match demand increases. If we cannot obtain adequate materials in a timely manner or on favorable terms for the manufacture of our products, revenues and results of operations will decline.
Compliance with regulations regarding the use of “conflict minerals” could limit the supply and increase the cost of certain raw materials used in manufacturing our products.
The SEC, as mandated by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, adopted disclosure regulations for public companies that manufacture products containing certain minerals that are mined from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries. These “conflict minerals” are commonly found in metals used in the manufacture of semiconductors. Manufacturers are also required to disclose their efforts to prevent the sourcing of such minerals and metals produced from them. The implementation of these requirements could adversely affect the sourcing, availability and pricing of metals used in the manufacture of our products. We may also incur additional costs to comply with the disclosure requirements, including costs related to determining the source of any of the relevant minerals used in our products. We may also face difficulties in satisfying customers who may require that our products be certified as free of “conflict materials,” which could harm our relationships with these customers and lead to a loss of revenue.
We face warranty claims, product return, litigation and liability risks and the risk of negative publicity if our products fail.
Our semiconductors are incorporated into a number of end products, and our business is exposed to product return, warranty and product liability risk and the risk of negative publicity if our products fail. Although we maintain insurance for product liability claims, the amount and scope of our insurance may not be adequate to cover a product liability claim that is asserted against us. In addition, product liability insurance could become more expensive and difficult to maintain and, in the future, may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.
In addition, we are exposed to the product liability risk and the risk of negative publicity affecting our customers. Our sales may decline if any of our customers are sued on a product liability claim. We also may suffer a decline in sales from the negative publicity associated with such a lawsuit or with adverse public perceptions in general regarding our customers’ products. Further, if our products are delivered with impurities or defects, we could incur additional development, repair or replacement costs, and our credibility and the market’s acceptance of our products could be harmed.
We could suffer adverse tax and other financial consequences as a result of changes in, or differences in the interpretation of, applicable tax laws.
Our company’s organizational structure was created in part based on certain interpretations and conclusions regarding various tax laws, including withholding tax and other tax laws of applicable jurisdictions. Our
 
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interpretations and conclusions regarding tax laws, however, are not binding on any taxing authority and, if these interpretations and conclusions are incorrect, if our business were to be operated in a way that rendered us ineligible for tax exemptions or caused us to become subject to incremental tax, or if the authorities were to change, modify or have a different interpretation of the relevant tax laws, we could suffer adverse tax and other financial consequences, and the anticipated benefits of our organizational structure could be materially impaired. The company’s organizational structure and other tax positions are subject to review by tax authorities in the local and other jurisdictions where we operate our business.
Our ability to compete successfully and achieve future growth will depend, in part, on our ability to protect our proprietary technology and know-how, as well as our ability to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of others.
We seek to protect our proprietary technologies and know-how through the use of patents, trade secrets, confidentiality agreements and other security measures. The process of seeking patent protection takes a long time and is expensive. There can be no assurance that patents will issue from pending or future applications or that, if patents issue, they will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented, or that the rights granted under the patents will provide us with meaningful protection or any commercial advantage. Some of our technologies are not covered by any patent or patent application. The confidentiality agreements on which we rely to protect these technologies may be breached and may not be adequate to protect our proprietary technologies. We cannot assure that other countries in which we market our services will protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the United States. In particular, the validity, enforceability and scope of protection of intellectual property in China, where we derive a significant portion of our net sales, and certain other countries where we derive net sales, are uncertain and still evolving and historically have not protected, and may not protect in the future, intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws and enforcement procedures in the United States.
Our ability to compete successfully depends on our ability to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of others. We have no means of knowing what patent applications have been filed in the United States until they are published. In addition, the semiconductor industry is characterized by frequent litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. We may need to file lawsuits to enforce our patents or intellectual property rights, and we may need to defend against claimed infringement of the rights of others. Any litigation could result in substantial costs to us and divert our resources. Despite our efforts in bringing or defending lawsuits, we may not be able to prevent third parties from infringing upon or misappropriating our intellectual property. In the event of an adverse outcome in any such litigation, we may be required to:
 
•	 	pay substantial damages or indemnify customers or licensees for damages they may suffer if the products they purchase from us or the technology they license from us violate the intellectual property rights of others;	
 
•	 	stop our manufacture, use, sale or importation of infringing products;	
 
•	 	expend significant resources to develop or acquire non-infringing technologies;	
 
•	 	discontinue processes; or	
 
•	 	obtain licenses to the intellectual property we are found to have infringed.	
There can be no assurance that we would be successful in such development or acquisition or that such licenses would be available under reasonable terms, or at all. The termination of key third-party licenses relating to the use of intellectual property in our products and our design processes, such as our agreements with Silicon Works Co., Ltd. and ARM Limited, would materially and adversely affect our business.
Our competitors may develop, patent or gain access to know-how and technology similar to our own. In addition, many of our patents are subject to cross licenses, several of which are with our competitors.
 
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Our expenses could increase if SK Hynix were unwilling or unable to provide certain services related to our shared facilities with SK Hynix, and if SK Hynix were to become insolvent, we could lose certain of our leases.
We are party to a land lease and easement agreement with SK Hynix pursuant to which we lease the land for our facilities in Cheongju, Korea. If this agreement were terminated for any reason, including the insolvency of SK Hynix, we would have to renegotiate new lease terms with SK Hynix or the new owner of the land. We cannot assure that we will be able to negotiate new lease terms on favorable terms or at all. Because we share certain facilities with SK Hynix, several services that are essential to our business are provided to us by or through SK Hynix under our general service supply agreement with SK Hynix. These services include electricity, bulk gases and de-ionized water, campus facilities and housing, wastewater and sewage management, environmental safety and certain utilities and infrastructure support services. If any of our agreements with SK Hynix were terminated or if SK Hynix were unwilling or unable to fulfill its obligations to us under the terms of these agreements, we would have to procure these services on our own and as a result may experience an increase in our expenses.
We are subject to many environmental laws and regulations that could affect our operations or result in significant expenses.
We are subject to a variety of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate, governing, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges, the generation, use, handling, storage and disposal of, and exposure to, hazardous substances (including asbestos) and wastes, soil and groundwater contamination and employee health and safety. These laws and regulations are complex, change frequently and have tended to become more stringent over time. Among them is the Act on Remediation and Compensation for Damages arising from Environmental Contamination which came into effect on January 1, 2016 and provides for strict liability of business entities in violation of the act and alleviates the burden of proof for the damaged party. As a result, we have increased potential exposure to liability for environmental contaminations that might have existed in the past or would arise in the future. There can be no assurance that we have been, or will be, in compliance with all such laws and regulations or that we will not incur material costs or liabilities in connection with these laws and regulations in the future. The adoption of new environmental, health and safety laws, the failure to comply with new or existing laws, or issues relating to hazardous substances could subject us to material liability (including substantial fines or penalties), impose the need for additional capital equipment or other process requirements upon us, curtail our operations or restrict our ability to expand operations.
Our Korean subsidiary has been designated as a regulated business under Korean environmental law, and such designation could have an adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.
Since 2015, our Korean subsidiary has been subject to K-ETS, a new set of greenhouse gas emissions regulation, under the Act on Allocation and Trading of Greenhouse Gas Emission Allowances. Under K-ETS, our Korean subsidiary was allocated a certain amount of emissions allowance in accordance with the National Allocation Plan prepared by the Korean government, and is required to meet its allocated target by either reducing the emission or purchasing the allowances from other participants in the emission trading market. Reduction of our emissions or energy consumption may result in additional and potentially costly compliance or remediation expenses, including potentially the installation of equipment and changes in the type of materials we use in manufacturing, as well as cost of procuring emission allowances to cover the excess emissions, which could adversely affect our financial position and results of operations.
We may need additional capital in the future, and such capital may not be available on acceptable terms or at all, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may require more capital in the future from equity or debt financings to fund operating expenses, such as research and development costs, finance investments in equipment and infrastructure, acquire complementary businesses and technologies, and respond to competitive pressures and potential strategic opportunities. If we raise additional funds through further issuances of equity or other securities convertible into equity, our existing
 
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stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new shares we issue could have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock. Also, additional capital may not be available when needed or, if available, may not be available on favorable terms. In addition, our indebtedness limits our ability to incur additional indebtedness under certain circumstances. If we are unable to obtain capital on favorable terms, or if we are unable to obtain capital at all, we may have to reduce our operations or forego opportunities, and this may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business depends on international customers, suppliers and operations in Asia, and as a result we are subject to regulatory, operational, financial and political risks, which could adversely affect our financial results.
We rely on, and expect to continue to rely on, suppliers, subcontractors and operations located primarily in Asia. As a result, we face risks inherent in international operations, such as unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other market barriers, political, social and economic instability, adverse tax consequences, war, civil disturbances and acts of terrorism, difficulties in accounts receivable collection, extended payment terms and differing labor standards, enforcement of contractual obligations and protection of intellectual property. These risks may lead to increased costs or decreased revenue growth, or both. Although we do not derive any revenue from, nor sell any products in, North Korea, any future increase in tensions between South Korea and North Korea that may occur, such as an outbreak of military hostilities, would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Tensions with North Korea could have an adverse effect on us and the market value of our shares.
Relations between South Korea and North Korea have been tense throughout Korea’s modern history. The level of tension between the two Koreas has fluctuated and may increase abruptly as a result of current and future events. In particular, since the death of Kim Jong-il, the former North Korean ruler, in mid-December 2011, there has been increased uncertainty with respect to the future of North Korea’s political leadership and concern regarding its implications for political and economic stability in the region. Although Kim Jong-il’s third son, Kim Jong-eun, has assumed power as his father’s designated successor, the long-term outcome of such leadership transition remains uncertain. In addition, in recent years, there have been heightened security concerns stemming from North Korea’s nuclear weapon and long-range missile programs and increased uncertainty regarding North Korea’s actions and possible responses from the international community. Some of the significant incidents in recent years include the following:
 
-	In August 2015, two Korean soldiers were injured in a landmine explosion near the Korean demilitarized zone. Claiming the landmines were set by North Koreans, the Korean army re-initiated its propaganda program toward North Korea utilizing loudspeakers near the demilitarized zone.	
 
-	In January 2016, North Korea claimed that it had successfully conducted a nuclear bomb test. In February 2016, North Korea launched what it claimed was a satellite rocket, but what is viewed by others as a front for a ballistic missile test that could ultimately be used to carry nuclear bomb. In response to the launch, it has been reported that Korea and the United States are discussing the deployment of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defense system to United States forces stationed in Korea. It has been reported that the United Nations Security Council adopted a unanimous resolution condemning the missile launch.	
 
-	Following North Korea’s nuclear bomb test and rocket launch, in February 2016, the Korean government announced that it will shut down Kaesong Industrial Complex, a joint venture area with North Korea where over 100 South Korean companies run manufacturing facilities. North Korea responded by declaring Kaesong Industrial Complex a military control zone, ordering South Koreans to leave the complex, and forbidding them to take assets other than personal belongings. The shutdown is the second one since operations commenced at Kaesong Industrial Complex in 2005; the complex had been shut down once before, for five months in 2013. In addition, North Korea cut off all 48 telephone lines between North Korean and South Korean agencies.	
North Korea’s economy also faces severe challenges, and any adverse economic developments may further aggravate social and political tensions within North Korea.
 
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Although we do not derive any revenue from, nor sell any products in, North Korea, any future increase in tensions between South Korea and North Korea that may occur, for example, if North Korea experiences a leadership crisis, high-level contacts between South Korea and North Korea break down, or military hostilities occur, could have a material adverse effect on the South Korean economy and on our business, financial condition, results of operations and the market value of our common stock.
You may not be able to bring an action or enforce any judgment obtained in United States courts, or bring an action in any other jurisdiction, against us or our subsidiaries or our directors, officers or independent auditors that are organized or residing in jurisdictions other than the United States.
Most of our subsidiaries are organized or incorporated outside of the United States and some of our executive officers as well as our independent auditors are organized or reside outside of the United States. Most of our and our subsidiaries’ assets are located outside of the United States and in particular, in Korea. Accordingly, any judgment obtained in the United States against us or our subsidiaries may not be collectible in the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for you to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons or to enforce against them or us court judgments obtained in the United States that are predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or of the securities laws of any state of the United States. In particular, there is doubt as to the enforceability in Korea or any other jurisdictions outside the United States, either in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of United States courts, of civil liabilities predicated on the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state of the United States.
Our level of indebtedness is substantial, and we may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful. A decline in the ratings of our existing or future indebtedness may make the terms of any new indebtedness we choose to incur more costly.
As of December 31, 2015, our total indebtedness was $224.0 million, net of unamortized discount of $0.8 million. We are permitted under the indenture governing our outstanding 2021 Notes to incur additional debt under certain conditions, including additional secured debt. If new debt were to be incurred in the future, the related risks that we now face could intensify. Our substantial debt could have important consequences, including:
 
•	 	resulting in an event of default if we fail to satisfy our obligations under our outstanding 2021 Notes or our other debt or fail to comply with the financial or other restricted covenants contained in the indenture governing our outstanding 2021 Notes or agreements governing our other indebtedness, which event of default could result in all of our debt becoming immediately due and payable and could permit our lenders to foreclose on the assets securing any such debt;	
 
•	 	increasing our vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions;	
 
•	 	requiring a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, therefore reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund our operations, capital expenditures and future business opportunities;	
 
•	 	limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;	
 
•	 	limiting our ability to adjust to changing market conditions and placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors who have less debt; and	
 
•	 	negatively affecting our ability to fund a change of control offer.	
 
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Our ability to make scheduled payments on or to refinance our debt obligations depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. We cannot assure that we will generate a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness.
The credit ratings assigned to our debt reflect each rating agency’s opinion of our ability to make payments on the debt obligations when such payments are due. The rating of our outstanding 2021 Notes as of February 2016 is Caa2 by Moody’s and CCC+ by Standard and Poor’s, both of which are below investment grade. A rating may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating agency. We may experience downgrades in our debt ratings in the future. Any lowering of our debt ratings would adversely impact our ability to raise additional debt financing and increase the cost of any such financing that is obtained. In the event any ratings downgrades are significant, we may choose not to incur new debt or refinance existing debt if we are unable to incur or refinance such debt at favorable interest rates or on favorable terms.
If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations or if we are unable to refinance existing indebtedness on favorable terms, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. These alternative measures may not be successful and thus render us unable to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. In the absence of such operating results and resources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations. The indenture governing our outstanding 2021 Notes restricts our ability to dispose of assets and use the proceeds from the disposition. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions or be able to obtain the proceeds which we could realize from them and these proceeds may not be adequate to meet any debt service obligations then due.
We are a holding company and will depend on the business of our subsidiaries to satisfy our obligations under our outstanding 2021 Notes and other obligations.
We are a holding company with no independent operations of our own. Our subsidiaries conduct substantially all of the operations necessary to fund payments on our outstanding 2021 Notes, other debt and any other obligations. Our ability to make payments on our outstanding 2021 Notes and our other obligations will depend on our subsidiaries’ cash flow and their payment of funds to us. Our subsidiaries’ ability to make payments to us will depend on:
 
•	 	their earnings;	
 
•	 	covenants contained in our debt agreements (including the indenture governing our outstanding 2021 Notes) and the debt agreements of our subsidiaries;	
 
•	 	covenants contained in other agreements to which we or our subsidiaries are or may become subject;	
 
•	 	business and tax considerations; and	
 
•	 	applicable law, including any restrictions under Korean law that may be imposed on MagnaChip Korea that would restrict its ability to make payments on intercompany loans from MagnaChip Semiconductor B.V.	
We cannot assure that the operating results of our subsidiaries at any given time will be sufficient to make distributions or other payments to us or that any distributions or payments will be adequate to pay principal and interest, and any other payments, on our outstanding 2021 Notes, other debt or any other obligations when due, and the failure to make such payments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Restrictions on MagnaChip Korea’s ability to make payments on its intercompany loans from MagnaChip Semiconductor B.V., or on its ability to pay dividends in excess of statutory limitations, could hinder our ability to make payments on our outstanding 2021 Notes.
We anticipate that payments under our outstanding 2021 Notes will be funded in part by MagnaChip Korea’s repayment of its existing loans from MagnaChip Semiconductor B.V., with MagnaChip Semiconductor B.V. using such repayments in turn to repay the loans owed to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A., which will repay
 
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loans owed to us. Under the Korean Foreign Exchange Transaction Act, the minister of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance is authorized to temporarily suspend payments in foreign currencies in the event of natural calamities, wars, conflicts of arms, grave and sudden changes in domestic or foreign economic conditions, or other similar situations. In addition, under the Korean Commercial Code, a Korean company is permitted to make a dividend payment in accordance with the provisions in its articles of incorporation out of retained earnings (as determined in accordance with the Korean Commercial Code and the generally accepted accounting principles in Korea), but no more than twice a year. If MagnaChip Korea is prevented from making payments under its intercompany loans due to restrictions on payments of foreign currency or if it has an insufficient amount of retained earnings under the Korean Commercial Code to make dividend payments to MagnaChip Semiconductor B.V., we may not have sufficient funds to make payments on our outstanding 2021 Notes.
The indenture governing our outstanding 2021 Notes contains, and our future debt agreements will likely contain, covenants that significantly restrict our operations.
The indenture governing our outstanding 2021 Notes contains, and our future debt agreements will likely contain, numerous covenants imposing financial and operating restrictions on our business. These restrictions may affect our ability to operate our business, may limit our ability to take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise and may adversely affect the conduct of our current business, including by restricting our ability to finance future operations and capital needs and by limiting our ability to engage in other business activities. These covenants will place restrictions on our ability and the ability of our operating subsidiaries to, among other things:
 
•	 	pay dividends, redeem shares or make other distributions with respect to equity interests, make payments with respect to subordinated indebtedness or other restricted payments;	
 
•	 	incur debt or issue preferred stock;	
 
•	 	create liens;	
 
•	 	make certain investments;	
 
•	 	consolidate, merge or dispose of all or substantially all of our assets, taken as a whole;	
 
•	 	sell or otherwise transfer or dispose of assets, including equity interests of our subsidiaries;	
 
•	 	enter into sale-leaseback transactions;	
 
•	 	enter into transactions with our affiliates; and	
 
•	 	designate our subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.	
In addition, our future debt agreements will likely contain financial ratios and other financial conditions tests. Our ability to meet those financial ratios and tests could be affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot assure that we will meet those ratios and tests. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under such debt agreements. Upon the occurrence of an event of default under such debt agreements, our lenders under such agreements could elect to declare all amounts outstanding under such debt agreements to be immediately due and payable and terminate all commitments to extend further credit.
We have a history of losses and may not achieve or sustain profitability in the future.
From the time we began operations as a separate entity in 2004 until we emerged from reorganization proceedings in 2009, we generated significant net losses and did not generate a profit for a full fiscal year. In addition, since 2013, we have again had substantial net losses for the past three fiscal years. We may increase spending to support increased research and development and sales and marketing efforts. These expenditures may not result in increased revenue or an increase in the number of customers immediately or at all. Because many of our expenses are fixed in the short term, or are incurred in advance of anticipated sales, we may not be able to decrease our expenses in a timely manner to offset any shortfall of sales. If we cannot maintain profitability, the value of the enterprise may decline.
 
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Investor confidence may be adversely impacted if we fail to remediate identified material weaknesses and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures or are unable to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and as a result, the value of our securities could decline.
We are subject to rules adopted by the SEC pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires us to include in our Annual Report on Form 10-K our management’s report on, and assessment of the effectiveness of, our internal control over financial reporting. We are also required to periodically assess and report on the adequacy of our disclosure controls and procedures. As reported in “Item 9A. Controls and Procedures” of this Report, we have concluded that there are material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and that our disclosure controls and procedures were ineffective as of December 31, 2015.
If we fail to remediate identified material weaknesses and maintain the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, there is a risk that we will continue to have material weaknesses in the future. Moreover, effective internal controls are necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports and are important to helping prevent financial fraud. Any of these possible outcomes could result in an adverse reaction in the financial marketplace due to a loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our consolidated financial statements and could result in investigations or sanctions by the SEC, the NYSE or other regulatory authorities or in stockholder litigation. Any of these factors ultimately could harm our business and could negatively impact the market price of our securities. Ineffective control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.
Our goal is to ensure that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. However, our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. See “Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.”
We may need to incur impairment and other restructuring charges, which could materially affect our results of operations and financial condition.
During industry downturns and for other reasons, we may need to record impairment or restructuring charges. From November 9, 2009, the date we emerged from Chapter 11 reorganization proceedings, through December 31, 2015, we recognized aggregate restructuring and impairment charges of $24.6 million, which consisted of $21.2 million of impairment charges and $3.4 million of restructuring charges. In the future, we may need to record additional impairment charges or to further restructure our business or incur additional restructuring charges, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
We are subject to litigation risks, which may be costly to defend and the outcome of which is uncertain.
All industries, including the semiconductor industry, are subject to legal claims, with and without merit, that may be particularly costly and which may divert the attention of our management and our resources in general. We are involved in a variety of legal matters, most of which we consider routine matters that arise in the normal course of business. These routine matters typically fall into broad categories such as those involving customers, employment and labor and intellectual property. Even if the final outcome of these legal claims does not have a
 
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material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows, defense and settlement costs can be substantial. Due to the inherent uncertainty of the litigation process, the resolution of any particular legal claim or proceeding could have a material effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The price of our common stock may be volatile and you may lose all or a part of your investment.
The trading price of our common stock might be subject to wide fluctuations. Factors, some of which are beyond our control, that could affect the trading price of our common stock may include:
 
•	 	actual or anticipated variations in our results of operations from quarter to quarter or year to year;	
 
•	 	announcements by us or our competitors of significant agreements, technological innovations or strategic alliances;	
 
•	 	changes in recommendations or estimates by any securities analysts who follow our securities;	
 
•	 	addition or loss of significant customers;	
 
•	 	recruitment or departure of key personnel;	
 
•	 	changes in economic performance or market valuations of competing companies in our industry;	
 
•	 	price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market;	
 
•	 	market conditions in our industry, end markets and the economy as a whole;	
 
•	 	subsequent sales of stock and other financings; and	
 
•	 	litigation, legislation, regulation or technological developments that adversely affect our business.	
In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a public company’s securities, securities class action litigation often has been instituted against the public company. Regardless of its outcome, this type of litigation could result in substantial costs to us and a likely diversion of our management’s attention. You may not receive a positive return on your investment when you sell your shares, and you could lose some or the entire amount of your investment.
Significant ownership of our common stock by certain stockholders could adversely affect our other stockholders.
The concentration of ownership of our common stock by certain stockholders may limit the ability of other stockholders to influence corporate matters and, as a result, we may take actions that our public stockholders do not view as beneficial. For example, our concentration of ownership could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control or otherwise discouraging a potential acquirer from attempting to obtain control of us, which in turn could cause the market price of our common stock to decline or prevent our stockholders from realizing a premium over the market price for their shares of our common stock.
Under our certificate of incorporation, our non-employee directors and non-employee holders of five percent or more of our outstanding common stock do not have a duty to refrain from engaging in a corporate opportunity in the same or similar activities or lines of business as those engaged in by us, our subsidiaries and other related parties. Also, we have renounced any interest or expectancy in such business opportunities even if the opportunity is one that we might reasonably have pursued or had the ability or desire to pursue if granted an opportunity to do so.
 
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Future sales of significant amounts of our common stock could negatively affect our stock price, even if our business is doing well.
As of January 31, 2016, Avenue beneficially owned 4,088,978 shares, or approximately 11.8%, of our outstanding common stock. All of our currently outstanding shares that were issued pursuant to Section 1145 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, including Avenue’s shares, are eligible for sale from time to time under Rule 144 or Section 4(a)(1) of the Securities Act subject only to the limitations on affiliate sales. Additionally, all remaining shares beneficially owned by Avenue may be registered for resale under a shelf registration statement and therefore be eligible for sale at any time or from time to time by Avenue. If any of our current stockholders, including Avenue, sells or is perceived by the market as intending to sell substantial amounts of our common stock, the market price of our common stock could drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.
Our Rights Plan and provisions in our charter documents and Delaware Law may make it difficult for a third party to acquire us and could depress the price of our common stock.
On March 5, 2015, our Board of Directors adopted a stockholder rights plan (the “Rights Plan”) and declared a dividend of one preferred stock purchase right on each share of the Company’s common stock outstanding at the close of business on March 16, 2015. Each right will entitle the holder to purchase one one-thousandth of a share of our Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock. Under certain circumstances, if a person or group acquires 10% (or 20% in the case of a passive institutional investor) or more of our outstanding common stock, holders of the rights (other than the person or group triggering their exercise) will be able to purchase for each share of common stock owned, $24 worth of shares of the Company’s common stock having a market value of twice such price. The rights expire in March 2016 unless extended by our Board of Directors. Because the rights may substantially dilute the stock ownership of a person or group attempting to acquire us without the approval of our Board of Directors, our Rights Plan could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us (or a significant percentage of our outstanding capital stock) without first negotiating with our Board of Directors regarding such acquisition.
In addition, provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or changes in our management. Among other things, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws:
 
•	 	authorize our Board of Directors to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock with such terms as the Board of Directors may determine;	
 
•	 	divide our Board of Directors into three classes so that only approximately one-third of the total number of directors is elected each year;	
 
•	 	permit directors to be removed only for cause by a majority vote of the stockholders;	
 
•	 	prohibit action by written consent of our stockholders;	
 
•	 	prohibit any person other than our Board of Directors, the chairman of our Board of Directors, our Chief Executive Officer or holders of at least 25% of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors to call a special meeting of our stockholders; and	
 
•	 	specify advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and director nominations.	
In addition, we are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”), regulating corporate takeovers and which has an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by our Board of Directors, including discouraging takeover attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for shares of our common stock. In general, those provisions prohibit a Delaware
 
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corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:
 
•	 	the transaction is approved by the board of directors before the date the interested stockholder attained that status;	
 
•	 	upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced; or	
 
•	 	on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at a meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.	
In general, DGCL Section 203 defines a business combination to include the following:
 
•	 	any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;	
 
•	 	any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation involving the interested stockholder;	
 
•	 	subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;	
 
•	 	any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; or	
 
•	 	the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.	
In general, DGCL Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by any such entity or person.
A Delaware corporation may opt out of this provision by express provision in its original certificate of incorporation or by amendment to its certificate of incorporation or bylaws approved by its stockholders. However, we have not opted out of, and do not currently intend to opt out of, this provision.
We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future, and therefore, investors should rely on sales of their common stock as the only way to realize any future gains on their investments.
We do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The payment of cash dividends on common stock is restricted under the terms of the indenture for our outstanding 2021 Notes. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investments.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
Item 2. Properties
Our manufacturing operations consist of three fabrication facilities located in Korea at two sites in Cheongju and one in Gumi. Our facilities have a combined capacity of approximately 129,875 eight-inch equivalent wafers per month. We manufacture wafers utilizing geometries ranging from 0.11 to 2.0 microns. The Cheongju
 
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facilities have three main buildings totaling 164,058 square meters devoted to manufacturing and development. The Gumi facility has one main building with 41,022 square meters devoted to manufacturing, testing and packaging.
In addition to our fabrication facilities, we lease facilities in Seoul, Korea, and Cupertino, California. Each of these facilities includes administration, sales and marketing and research and development functions. We lease sales and marketing offices through our subsidiaries in several other countries.
The ownership of our wafer manufacturing assets is an important component of our business strategy. Maintaining manufacturing control enables us to develop proprietary, differentiated products and results in higher production yields, as well as shortened design and production cycles. We believe our facilities are suitable and adequate for the conduct of our business for the foreseeable future and that we have sufficient production capacity to service our business as currently contemplated without significant capital investment.
A substantial majority of our assembly, test and packaging services for our Display Solutions business and all of such services for our Power Solutions business are outsourced with the balance handled in-house. Our independent providers of these services are located in Korea, China, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Austria. The relative cost of outsourced services, as compared to in-house services, depends upon many factors specific to each product and circumstance. However, we generally incur higher costs for outsourced services, which can result in lower margins.
Although we own our manufacturing facilities, we are party to a land lease and easement agreement with SK Hynix pursuant to which we lease the land for our facilities in Cheongju, Korea from SK Hynix for an indefinite term. Because we share certain facilities with SK Hynix, several services that are essential to our business are provided to us by or through SK Hynix under our general service supply agreement with SK Hynix. These services include electricity, bulk gases and de-ionized water, campus facilities and housing, wastewater and sewage management, environmental safety and certain utilities and infrastructure support services. The services agreement continues for an indefinite term subject to each party having a right to terminate in the event of an uncured breach by the other party.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Securities Class Action Complaints
On March 12, 2014, a purported class action was filed against the Company and certain of the Company’s now-former officers. On April 21, 2015, a related purported class action lawsuit (Okla. Police Pension & Retirement Sys. v. MagnaChip Semiconductor Corp., et al., No. 3:15-cv-01797) was filed against the Company, certain of the Company’s current directors and former and now-former officers, a shareholder of the Company, and certain financial firms that acted as underwriters of the Company’s public stock offerings. On June 15, 2015, these two class action lawsuits were consolidated. On June 26, 2015, an amended complaint was filed in the consolidated action, against the Company, certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, a shareholder of the Company, and certain financial firms that acted as underwriters of the Company’s public stock offerings on behalf of a putative class consisting of all persons other than the defendants who purchased or acquired the Company’s securities between February 1, 2012 and February 12, 2015 and a putative subclass consisting of all purchasers of the Company’s common stock pursuant to or traceable to a shelf registration statement and prospectus issued in connection with the Company’s February 6, 2013 public stock offering. The consolidated amended complaint asserts claims on behalf of the putative class for (i) alleged violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by the Company and certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, (ii) alleged violations of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act by certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, and (iii) alleged violations of Sections 20(a) and 20(A) of the Exchange Act by a shareholder. The consolidated amended complaint also asserts claims on behalf the subclass for (i) alleged violations of Section 11 of the Securities Act by the Company, certain of the
 
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Company’s current directors and former officers, and certain financial firms that acted as underwriters of the Company’s public stock offerings, (ii) alleged violations of Section 12 of the Securities Act by the Company, certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, a shareholder of the Company, and certain financial firms that acted as underwriters of the Company’s public stock offerings, (iii) alleged violations of Section 15 of the Securities Act by the Company, certain of the Company’s former officers, and a shareholder of the Company.
On December 10, 2015, the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the plaintiffs’ representatives to memorialize an agreement in principle to settle the consolidated securities class action lawsuit, Thomas, et al. v. MagnaChip Semiconductor Corp. et al., Civil Action No. 3:14-CV-01160-JST, pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (the “Class Action Litigation”). On February 5, 2016, the plaintiffs in the consolidated securities class action filed a motion for preliminary approval of the settlement, as well as the stipulation and agreement of settlement and related exhibits. The stipulation and agreement of settlement releases all claims asserted against all defendants in the Class Action Litigation except for Avenue Capital Management II, L.P. and does not release claims asserted in the derivative actions Hemmingson, et al. v. Elkins, et al., No. 1-15-CV-278614 (PHK) (Cal. Super. Ct. Santa Clara Cnty.) and Bushansky v. Norby, et al., No. 1-15-CV-281284 (PHK) (Cal. Super. Ct. Santa Clara Cnty.). The stipulation and agreement of settlement provides for an aggregate settlement payment by the Company of $23.5 million, which includes all attorneys’ fees, costs of administration and plaintiffs’ out-of-pocket expenses, lead plaintiff compensatory awards and disbursements. The Company expects the settlement will be fully funded by insurance proceeds. The settlement includes the dismissal of all claims against the Company and the named individuals in the Class Action Litigation without any liability or wrongdoing attributed to them. The settlement remains subject to stockholder notice, court approval and other customary conditions.
SEC Enforcement Staff Review
In addition, in March 2014, the Company voluntarily reported to the SEC that the Company’s Audit Committee had determined that the Company incorrectly recognized revenue on certain transactions and as a result would restate its financial statements, and that the Audit Committee had commenced the independent investigation. Over the course of 2014 and in the first quarter of 2015, the Company voluntarily produced documents to the SEC regarding the various accounting issues identified during the independent investigation, and whether the Company’s hiring of an accountant from the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm impacted that accounting firm’s independence. On July 22, 2014, the Staff of the SEC’s Division of Enforcement obtained a Formal Order of Investigation. On March 12, 2015, the SEC issued a subpoena for documents to the Company in connection with this investigation. The Company will continue to cooperate with the SEC in this investigation, and has produced documents in response to the subpoena. At this time, the Company is unable to estimate any reasonably possible loss, or range of reasonably possible losses, with respect to the matters described above. This is primarily because these matters involve complex legal and factual issues subject to uncertainty. There can be no assurance that these matters will be resolved in a manner that is not adverse to the Company.
Shareholder Derivative Complaints
A shareholder derivative action, styled Hemmingson et al. v. Elkins et al., Case No. 1-15-cv-278614, was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California in and for Santa Clara County on March 25, 2015, naming as defendants certain of the Company’s current directors and former and now-former officers, as well as a shareholder of the Company, and naming the Company as a nominal defendant. The complaint in this action asserts claims for (i) alleged breaches of fiduciary duty by certain of the Company’s current directors and former and now-former officers for purportedly knowingly failing to maintain adequate internal controls over its accounting and reporting functions and disseminating to shareholders certain alleged materially false and
 
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misleading statements, (ii) alleged breaches of fiduciary duty by certain of the Company’s current directors and a current shareholder of the Company for purported insider trading, and (iii) alleged unjust enrichment by a shareholder of the Company for purported insider trading.
On June 1, 2015, a shareholder derivative action was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, Santa Clara County styled Bushansky v. Norby, et al. , No. 1-15-CV-281284 (PHK) (Cal. Super. Ct. Santa Clara Cnty.). The complaint names as defendants certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, and a shareholder of the Company, with the Company being named as a nominal defendant. The complaint asserts claims for (i) alleged breaches of fiduciary duties by certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers for knowingly failing to maintain adequate internal controls over the Company’s accounting and reporting functions and disseminating to shareholders certain alleged materially false and misleading statements; and (ii) alleged aiding and abetting of such breaches of fiduciary duties by all defendants.
On January 22, 2016, the Company and the plaintiffs in the Hemmingson and Bushansky actions entered into and filed a stipulation of settlement with the Superior Court of the State of California, Santa Clara County. The settlement provides for the resolution of all of the pending claims in both shareholder derivative actions against the Company and the individual defendants, without any liability or wrongdoing attributed to them. The settlement provides for an aggregate payment from the Company defendants’ directors and officers insurance policies of $3 million to be made to an escrow account, which will be remitted to the Company once the settlement becomes final, less (i) any applicable costs of such escrow account, (ii) any amount awarded by the court to the plaintiff’s counsel for attorney’s fees and litigation expenses and (iii) the cost of providing notice of the settlement to the Company’s stockholders. The proposed settlement also requires that the Company implement certain corporate governance measures. The proposed settlement remains subject to stockholder notice, court approval and other customary conditions.
Furthermore, by letter dated May 28, 2015, a purported shareholder demanded to inspect certain of the Company’s books and records, pursuant to Section 220 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (8 Del. C. § 220). The demand’s stated purpose is to investigate alleged breaches of fiduciary duty by certain of the Company’s current and former directors, officers, and senior management and otherwise evaluate whether to initiate a derivative action on the Company’s behalf. At this time, the Company is unable to estimate any reasonably possible loss, or range of reasonably possible losses, with respect to the matters described above. This is primarily because these matters involve complex legal and factual issues subject to uncertainty. There can be no assurance that these matters will be resolved in a manner that is not adverse to the Company.
Other Legal Proceedings
We are involved in a variety of legal matters, most of which we consider routine matters that arise in the normal course of business. These routine matters typically fall into broad categories such as those involving customers, employment and labor and intellectual property. Intellectual property litigation and infringement claims, in particular, could cause us to incur significant expenses or prevent us from selling our products. We are currently not involved in any ordinary-course legal proceedings that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
 
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PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “MX.” On February 19, 2016, the last reported sales price of our common stock on the NYSE was $4.08 per share. The table below sets forth the reported high and low sales prices for our common stock during the quarterly periods for the two most recent fiscal years described below.
Price Range of Common Stock

 	  	High	 	  	Low	 	
Fiscal 2014	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
First Quarter	  	$	19.49	  	  	$	12.50	  	
Second Quarter	  	$	14.79	  	  	$	12.06	  	
Third Quarter	  	$	14.77	  	  	$	11.38	  	
Fourth Quarter	  	$	14.47	  	  	$	9.91	  	
Fiscal 2015	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
First Quarter	  	$	15.72	  	  	$	4.89	  	
Second Quarter	  	$	8.04	  	  	$	5.00	  	
Third Quarter	  	$	9.88	  	  	$	6.40	  	
Fourth Quarter	  	$	7.48	  	  	$	4.14	  	
 
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Stock Performance Graph
The graph and table below compare the cumulative total stockholder return of our common shares with the cumulative total return of the S&P 500 Index and the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index (PHLX) from March 11, 2011 (the first trading date following the MagnaChip IPO) through December 31, 2015. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on March 11, 2011 in our common shares and in each index and that any dividends were reinvested. No cash dividends have been declared on our common shares since the MagnaChip IPO.
Comparison of Cumulative Total Return*
Among MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, the S&P 500 Index and the PHLX

 
*	The stock performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock performance.	
Total Return to Stockholders (Including Reinvestment of Dividends)
Annual Return Percentage

Company/Index	  	12/31/2011	 	  	12/31/2012	 	  	12/31/2013	 	  	12/31/2014	 	  	12/31/2015	 	
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation	  	 	-46.61	  	  	 	112.83	  	  	 	22.49	  	  	 	-33.38	  	  	 	-59.28	  	
S&P 500 Index	  	 	-1.86	  	  	 	16.00	  	  	 	32.39	  	  	 	13.69	  	  	 	1.38	  	
Philadelphia Semiconductor Index	  	 	-14.83	  	  	 	5.38	  	  	 	39.31	  	  	 	28.38	  	  	 	-1.59	  	
Indexed Returns

Company/Index	 	Base Period
3/11/2011	 	 	12/31/2011	 	 	12/31/2012	 	 	12/31/2013	 	 	12/31/2014	 	 	12/31/2015	 	
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation	 	 	100	  	 	 	53.39	  	 	 	113.63	  	 	 	139.19	  	 	 	92.72	  	 	 	37.76	  	
S&P 500 Index	 	 	100	  	 	 	98.14	  	 	 	113.84	  	 	 	150.72	  	 	 	171.35	  	 	 	173.72	  	
Philadelphia Semiconductor Index	 	 	100	  	 	 	85.17	  	 	 	89.75	  	 	 	125.03	  	 	 	160.52	  	 	 	157.96	  	
 
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Holders
The approximate number of record holders of our outstanding common stock as of January 31, 2016 was 73. This number does not include beneficial owners for whom shares are held by nominees in street name.
Dividends
We do not intend to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We anticipate that we will retain all of our future earnings for use in the development of our business and for general corporate purposes. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors. The payment of cash dividends on our common stock is restricted under the terms of the indenture governing our 2021 Notes.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On October 7, 2011, our Board of Directors adopted a stock repurchase program whereby we may, subject to prevailing market conditions and other factors, repurchase up to $35.0 million of our outstanding common stock. Our Board of Directors extended and increased the program by an additional $25.0 million in August 2012, for a maximum aggregate repurchase amount under the original program of up to $60.0 million. On July 30, 2013, we announced that our Board of Directors approved a new stock repurchase program under which we are authorized to repurchase up to $100.0 million of our common stock. The new stock repurchase program was effective August 5, 2013 through December 15, 2014, and replaced the original stock repurchase program. The stock repurchase program did not require that we purchase a minimum amount of shares of our common stock and may be commenced, suspended, resumed or terminated at any time without notice. The timing and extent of any repurchases were dependent upon prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the Company’s common stock and other factors, and subject to contractual restrictions and restrictions under applicable law and regulations. As of December 31, 2013, we had repurchased 6,578,765 shares of our common stock in the open market under these programs at an aggregate cost of $90.9 million. In March 2014, our Board of Directors suspended the stock repurchase program indefinitely pending the completion of the independent investigation, and the stock repurchase program expired by its terms on December 15, 2014. Subsequent to December 31, 2013, we did not repurchase any shares under the stock repurchase program.
 
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The following tables set forth selected historical consolidated financial data of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation on or as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The selected historical consolidated financial data presented below should be read together with “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements contained in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” including the notes to those consolidated financial statements, appearing elsewhere in this Report.
We have derived the selected consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 and for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 from the historical audited consolidated financial statements of the Company included in this Report. We have derived the selected consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 and for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 from the audited consolidated financial statements of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation not included in this Report. The historical financial data of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation for any period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in any future period.

 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2015	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2014	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2013	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2012	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2011	 	
 	  	(In millions, except per share data)	 	
Statements of Operations Data:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net sales	  	$	633.7	  	 	$	698.2	  	 	$	734.2	  	 	$	807.3	  	 	$	743.1	  	
Cost of sales	  	 	498.8	  	 	 	545.4	  	 	 	579.1	  	 	 	564.1	  	 	 	543.6	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gross profit	  	 	134.9	  	 	 	152.9	  	 	 	155.1	  	 	 	243.2	  	 	 	199.5	  	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	94.4	  	 	 	127.0	  	 	 	85.8	  	 	 	82.7	  	 	 	70.2	  	
Research and development expenses	  	 	83.4	  	 	 	92.8	  	 	 	87.9	  	 	 	76.3	  	 	 	76.6	  	
Restructuring and impairment charges	  	 	—  	 	 	 	10.3	  	 	 	8.2	  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	3.6	  	
Special expense for IPO incentive	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	12.1	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations	  	 	(42.9	) 	 	 	(77.1	) 	 	 	(26.8	) 	 	 	84.3	  	 	 	37.0	  	
Interest expense	  	 	(16.3	) 	 	 	(16.8	) 	 	 	(21.1	) 	 	 	(23.2	) 	 	 	(25.8	) 	
Foreign currency gain (loss), net	  	 	(42.5	) 	 	 	(24.7	) 	 	 	16.8	  	 	 	57.3	  	 	 	(11.3	) 	
Loss on early extinguishment of senior notes	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(32.8	) 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(5.5	) 	
Others, net	  	 	1.8	  	 	 	2.9	  	 	 	3.6	  	 	 	4.5	  	 	 	2.5	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	 	(57.0	) 	 	 	(38.6	) 	 	 	(33.5	) 	 	 	38.6	  	 	 	(40.2	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income (loss) from operations before income taxes	  	 	(100.0	) 	 	 	(115.7	) 	 	 	(60.2	) 	 	 	122.9	  	 	 	(3.2	) 	
Income tax expenses (benefits)	  	 	(15.1	) 	 	 	1.5	  	 	 	4.0	  	 	 	12.8	  	 	 	8.1	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income (loss)	  	$	(84.9	) 	 	$	(117.2	) 	 	$	(64.2	) 	 	$	110.0	  	 	$	(11.3	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income (loss) attributable to common unit/share	  	$	(84.9	) 	 	$	(117.2	) 	 	$	(64.2	) 	 	$	110.0	  	 	$	(11.3	) 	

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 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2015	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2014	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2013	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2012	 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2011	 	
 	  	(In millions, except per share data)	 	
Per share data:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Earnings (loss) per share—	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Basic	  	$	(2.47	) 	 	$	(3.44	) 	 	$	(1.82	) 	 	$	3.01	  	  	$	(0.29	) 	
Diluted	  	$	(2.47	) 	 	$	(3.44	) 	 	$	(1.82	) 	 	$	2.93	  	  	$	(0.29	) 	
Weighted average number of shares	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Basic	  	 	34.381	  	 	 	34.056	  	 	 	35.232	  	 	 	36.568	  	  	 	38.776	  	
Diluted	  	 	34.381	  	 	 	34.056	  	 	 	35.232	  	 	 	37.533	  	  	 	38.776	  	
Balance Sheet Data (at period end):	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	  	$	90.9	  	 	$	102.4	  	 	$	153.6	  	 	$	182.2	  	  	$	162.1	  	
Total assets	  	 	477.9	  	 	 	527.7	  	 	 	625.2	  	 	 	680.7	  	  	 	579.3	  	
Total indebtedness(1)	  	 	224.2	  	 	 	224.0	  	 	 	223.9	  	 	 	201.7	  	  	 	204.2	  	
Long-term obligations(2)	  	 	224.2	  	 	 	224.0	  	 	 	223.9	  	 	 	201.7	  	  	 	201.4	  	
Stockholders’ equity (deficit)	  	 	(62.3	) 	 	 	(18.5	) 	 	 	81.5	  	 	 	191.5	  	  	 	134.2	  	
Supplemental Data (unaudited):	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Adjusted EBITDA(3)	  	$	0.8	  	 	$	8.5	  	 	$	20.0	  	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Adjusted Net Loss(4)	  	$	(26.7	) 	 	$	(38.1	) 	 	$	(31.5	) 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 
(1)	Total indebtedness is calculated as long and short-term borrowings, including the current portion of capital lease obligation.	
(2)	Long-term obligations include long-term borrowings and capital leases.	
(3)	We define Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated as net income (loss), adjusted to exclude (i) depreciation and amortization, (ii) interest expense, net, (iii) income tax expenses (benefits), (iv) restructuring and impairment charges, (v) equity-based compensation expense, (vi) foreign currency loss (gain), net, (vii) derivative valuation loss (gain), net, (viii) secondary offering and others, (ix) loss on early extinguishment of senior notes and (x) restatement related expenses. This is a non-US GAAP financial measure and is discussed under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-US GAAP measures—Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss.”	
(4)	We define Adjusted Net Loss for the periods indicated as net income (loss), adjusted to exclude (i) restructuring and impairment charges, (ii) equity-based compensation expense, (iii) amortization of intangibles, (iv) foreign currency loss (gain), net, (v) derivative valuation loss (gain), net, (vi) secondary offering and others, (vii) loss on early extinguishment of senior notes and (viii) restatement related expenses. This is a non-US GAAP financial measure and is discussed under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-US GAAP measures—Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss.”	
 
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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, together in each case with the related notes, included elsewhere in this Report. This discussion and analysis contains, in addition to historical information, forward-looking statements that include risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Report.
Overview
We are a Korea-based designer and manufacturer of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products for consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and IoT applications. We provide technology platforms for analog, mixed-signal, power, high voltage, non-volatile memory, and RF applications. We have a proven record with a 30-year operating history, large portfolio of 2,426 registered novel patents and 160 pending novel patent applications and extensive engineering and manufacturing process expertise.
We had previously reported our results of operations under one operating segment. During the second quarter of 2015, organizational changes were made to (i) realign our businesses and organizational structure and (ii) streamline and consolidate certain business processes to achieve greater operating efficiencies. In furtherance of these objectives, we combined our Display Solutions and Power Solutions business lines into a new segment called Standard Products Group. Beginning in the second quarter of 2015, we report our financial results in two operating segments: Semiconductor Manufacturing Services and Standard Products Group. All prior period amounts related to the segment change have been retrospectively reclassified to conform to the new presentation.
Beginning in the third quarter of 2015, we changed the name of our Semiconductor Manufacturing Services segment to Foundry Services Group. We believe that this new name provides greater clarity on the identity of this segment. There is no change to the composition of this reportable segment from what we previously reported for the Semiconductor Manufacturing Services segment.
Our Foundry Services Group provides specialty analog and mixed-signal foundry services mainly for fabless and IDM semiconductor companies that primarily serve consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and IoT applications. Our Standard Products Group includes our Display Solutions and Power Solutions business lines. Our Display Solutions products provide flat panel display solutions to major suppliers of large and small flat panel displays and include our sensor products for mobile applications, industrial applications and home appliances. Our Power Solutions products include discrete and integrated circuit solutions for power management in consumer, computing, communication and industrial applications.
Our wide variety of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products and manufacturing services combined with our mature technology platform allow us to address multiple high-growth end markets and to rapidly develop and introduce new products and services in response to market demands. Our design center and substantial manufacturing operations in Korea place us at the core of the global electronics device supply chain. We believe this enables us to quickly and efficiently respond to our customers’ needs and allows us to better serve and capture additional demand from existing and new customers.
To maintain and increase our profitability, we must accurately forecast trends in demand for electronics devices that incorporate semiconductor products we produce. We must understand our customers’ needs as well as the likely end market trends and demand in the markets they serve. We must balance the likely manufacturing utilization demand of our product businesses and foundry business to optimize our capacity utilization. We must also invest in relevant research and development activities and manufacturing capacity and purchase necessary materials on a timely basis to meet our customers’ demand while maintaining our target margins and cash flow.
 
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The semiconductor markets in which we participate are highly competitive. The prices of our products tend to decrease regularly over their useful lives, and such price decreases can be significant as new generations of products are introduced by us or our competitors. We strive to offset the impact of declining selling prices for existing products through cost reductions and the introduction of new products that command selling prices above the average selling price of our existing products. In addition, we seek to manage our inventories and manufacturing capacity so as to mitigate the risk of losses from product obsolescence.
Demand for our products and services is driven by overall demand for consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and IoT products and can be adversely affected by periods of weak consumer and enterprise spending or by market share losses by our customers. In order to mitigate the impact of market volatility on our business, we are diversifying our portfolio of products, customers, and target applications. We also expect that new competitors will emerge in these markets that may place increased pressure on the pricing for our products and services. While we believe we are well-positioned competitively to compete in these markets and against these new competitors as a result of our long operating history, existing manufacturing capacity and our Korea-based operations, if we are not effective in competing in these markets our operating results may be adversely affected.
Within our Foundry Services Group, net sales are driven by customers’ decisions on which manufacturing services provider to use for a particular product. Most of our Foundry Services Group customers are fabless, while some are IDM customers. A customer will often have more than one supplier of manufacturing services. In any given period, our net sales depend heavily upon the end-market demand for the goods in which the products we manufacture for customers are used, the inventory levels maintained by our customers and in some cases, allocation of demand for manufacturing services among selected qualified suppliers.
Within our Standard Products Group, net sales are driven by design wins in which we are selected by an electronics original equipment manufacturer (OEM) or other potential customer to supply its demand for a particular product. A customer will often have more than one supplier designed in to multi-source components for a particular product line. Once we have design wins and the products enter into mass production, we often specify the pricing of a particular product for a set period of time, with periodic discussions and renegotiations of pricing with our customers. In any given period, our net sales depend heavily upon the end-market demand for the goods in which our products are used, the inventory levels maintained by our customers and in some cases, allocation of demand for components for a particular product among selected qualified suppliers.
In contrast to fabless semiconductor companies, our internal manufacturing capacity provides us with greater control over manufacturing costs and the ability to implement process and production improvements which can favorably impact gross profit margins. Our internal manufacturing capacity also allows for better control over delivery schedules, improved consistency over product quality and reliability and improved ability to protect intellectual property from misappropriation. However, having internal manufacturing capacity exposes us to the risk of under-utilization of manufacturing capacity that results in lower gross profit margins, particularly during downturns in the semiconductor industry.
Our products and services require investments in capital equipment. Analog and mixed-signal manufacturing facilities and processes are typically distinguished by the design and process implementation expertise rather than the use of the most advanced equipment. These processes also tend to migrate more slowly to smaller geometries due to technological barriers and increased costs. For example, some of our products use high-voltage technology that requires larger geometries and that may not migrate to smaller geometries for several years, if at all. Additionally, the performance of many of our products is not necessarily dependent on geometry. As a result, our manufacturing base and strategy do not require substantial investment in leading edge process equipment, allowing us to utilize our facilities and equipment over an extended period of time with moderate required capital investments. Generally, incremental capacity expansions in our business line of the market result in more moderate industry capacity expansion as compared to leading edge processes. As a result, we are less likely to experience significant industry overcapacity, which can cause product prices to decline
 
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significantly. In general, we seek to invest in manufacturing capacity that can be used for multiple high-value applications over an extended period of time. We believe this capital investment strategy enables us to optimize our capital investments and facilitates deeper and more diversified product and service offerings.
Our success going forward will depend upon our ability to adapt to future challenges such as the emergence of new competitors for our products and services or the consolidation of current competitors. Additionally, we must innovate to remain ahead of, or at least rapidly adapt to, technological breakthroughs that may lead to a significant change in the technology necessary to deliver our products and services. We believe that our established relationships and close collaboration with leading customers enhance our awareness of new product opportunities, market and technology trends and improve our ability to adapt and grow successfully. In our Foundry Services Group, we strive to maintain competitiveness by offering high-value added processes, high-flexibility and excellent service by tailoring existing standard processes to meet customers’ design needs and porting customers’ own process technologies into our fabrication facilities.
Recent Developments
In December 2014, we announced that our Board of Directors had adopted a plan to close our 6-inch fab. While the 6-inch fab closure was initially expected to be substantially completed by the end of 2015, we now expect that the closure will be substantially completed in the first quarter of 2016, and that the aggregate costs associated with customer transition, equipment transfer (including capitalizable cost), clean-up and other costs are expected to be approximately $2.0 million, which will be recorded as such costs are incurred. We expect the 6-inch fab closure will result in revenue declines beginning in the first quarter of 2016.
Restatement
In January 2014, our Audit Committee commenced an independent investigation that resulted in the restatement of certain financial statements for prior periods. As a result of the Restatement, we have incurred substantial external accounting, legal and other related costs associated with the Restatement and certain litigation and other regulatory investigations and actions related thereto. We incurred Restatement related costs of $12.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $40.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On December 10, 2015, we entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the plaintiffs’ representatives to settle the Class Action Litigation, as defined and detailed in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies” in this Report, for an aggregate settlement payment of $23.5 million. This settlement payment is expected to be fully funded by insurance proceeds.
Segments
We had previously reported our results of operations under one operating segment. During the second quarter of 2015, organizational changes were made to (i) realign our businesses and organizational structure and (ii) streamline and consolidate certain business processes to achieve greater operating efficiencies. Accordingly, we combined our Display Solutions and Power Solutions business lines into a new segment called Standard Products Group. Beginning in the second quarter of 2015, we report our financial results in two operating segments: Semiconductor Manufacturing Services and Standard Products Group. We have identified these segments based on how we allocate resources and assess our performance.
During the third quarter of 2015, we changed the name of our Semiconductor Manufacturing Services segment to Foundry Services Group. We believe that this new name provides greater clarity on the identity of this segment. There is no change to the composition of this reportable segment from what we previously reported for the Semiconductor Manufacturing Services segment.
 
•	 	Foundry Services Group: Our Foundry Services Group provides specialty analog and mixed-signal foundry services to fabless semiconductor companies and IDMs that serve consumer, computing, communication,	
 
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 	industrial, automotive and IoT applications. We manufacture wafers based on our customers’ product designs. We do not market these products directly to end customers but rather supply manufactured wafers and products to our customers to market to their end customers. We offer approximately 488 process flows to our foundry services customers. We also often partner with key customers to jointly develop or customize specialized processes that enable our customers to improve their products and allow us to develop unique manufacturing expertise. Our foundry services target customers who require differentiated, specialty analog and mixed-signal process technologies such as high voltage complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), embedded memory or bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD). These customers typically serve the consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and IoT applications. Our Foundry Services Group business represented 45.9%, 51.6% and 53.9% of our net sales for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Gross profit from our Foundry Services Group business was $66.2 million, $75.7 million and $108.7 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.	
 
•	 	Standard Products Group: Our Standard Products Group includes our Display Solutions and Power Solutions business lines. Our Display Solutions products include source and gate drivers and timing controllers that cover a wide range of flat panel displays used in ultra high definition (UHD), high definition (HD), light emitting diode (LED), 3D and OLED televisions and displays, notebooks and mobile communications and entertainment devices. Our Display Solutions products support the industry’s most advanced display technologies, such as active matrix organic light emitting diodes (AMOLEDs), and low temperature polysilicons (LTPS), as well as high-volume display technologies such as thin film transistors (TFT). We provide a full range of intelligent sensor product families featuring 0.18 micron analog and mixed-signal technology with low power consumption. Our sensor families target the growing market for applications ranging from smartphone, tablet PC and other consumer electronics to industrial devices. Our Power Solutions business line produces power management semiconductor products including discrete and integrated circuit solutions for power management in high-volume consumer applications. These products include MOSFETs, insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), power modules, AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, LED drivers, switching regulators and linear regulators for a range of devices, including televisions, smartphones, mobile phones, desktop PCs, notebooks, tablet PCs, other consumer electronics, and industrial applications such as power suppliers, LED lighting, motor control and home appliances. Our Standard Products Group, which includes our Display Solutions and Power Solutions business lines, represented 54.0%, 48.3% and 46.0% of our net sales for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Gross profit from our Standard Products Group was $68.1 million, $76.6 million and $45.9 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.	
Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-US GAAP Measures
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss
We use the terms Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss throughout this Report. Adjusted EBITDA, as we define it, is a non-US GAAP measure. We define Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated as net income (loss), adjusted to exclude (i) depreciation and amortization, (ii) interest expense, net, (iii) income tax expenses (benefits), (iv) restructuring and impairment charges, (v) equity-based compensation expense, (vi) foreign currency loss (gain), net, (vii) derivative valuation loss (gain), net, (viii) secondary offering and others, (ix) loss on early extinguishment of senior notes and (x) restatement related expenses.
See the footnotes to the table below for further information regarding these items. We present Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure of our performance because:
 
•	 	Adjusted EBITDA eliminates the impact of a number of items that may be either one time or recurring items that we do not consider to be indicative of our core ongoing operating performance;	
 
•	 	we believe that Adjusted EBITDA is an enterprise level performance measure commonly reported and widely used by analysts and investors in our industry;	
 
•	 	our investor and analyst presentations will include Adjusted EBITDA; and	
 
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•	 	we believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides investors with a more consistent measurement of period to period performance of our core operations, as well as a comparison of our operating performance to that of other companies in our industry.	
We use Adjusted EBITDA in a number of ways, including:
 
•	 	for planning purposes, including the preparation of our annual operating budget;	
 
•	 	to evaluate the effectiveness of our enterprise level business strategies;	
 
•	 	in communications with our Board of Directors concerning our consolidated financial performance; and	
 
•	 	in certain of our compensation plans as a performance measure for determining incentive compensation payments.	
We encourage you to evaluate each adjustment and the reasons we consider them appropriate. In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in this presentation. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure defined in accordance with US GAAP and should not be construed as an alternative to income from continuing operations, cash flows from operating activities or net income (loss), as determined in accordance with US GAAP. A reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA is as follows:

 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2015	 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2014	 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2013	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Net Loss	  	$	(84.9	) 	  	$	(117.2	) 	  	$	(64.2	) 	
Adjustments:	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Depreciation and amortization	  	 	26.5	  	  	 	30.0	  	  	 	32.7	  	
Interest expense, net	  	 	16.0	  	  	 	16.2	  	  	 	20.3	  	
Income tax expenses (benefits)	  	 	(15.1	) 	  	 	1.5	  	  	 	4.0	  	
Restructuring and impairment charges(a)	  	 	—  	 	  	 	10.3	  	  	 	8.2	  	
Equity-based compensation expense(b)	  	 	2.8	  	  	 	2.1	  	  	 	2.2	  	
Foreign currency loss (gain), net(c)	  	 	42.5	  	  	 	24.6	  	  	 	(16.8	) 	
Derivative valuation loss (gain), net(d)	  	 	0.5	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	(0.6	) 	
Secondary offering and others(e)	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	  	 	1.4	  	
Loss on early extinguishment of senior notes(f)	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	  	 	32.8	  	
Restatement related expenses(g)	  	 	12.4	  	  	 	40.9	  	  	 	—  	 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Adjusted EBITDA	  	$	0.8	  	  	$	8.5	  	  	$	20.0	  	

(a)	This adjustment is comprised of all items included in the restructuring and impairment charges line item on our consolidated statements of operations, and eliminates the impact of restructuring and impairment charges related to (i) for 2014, the impact of impairment charges of $10.3 million related to the closure of our 6-inch fab, and (ii) for 2013, restructuring charges of $1.8 million related to the restructuring of our 6-inch fab, and the impact of impairment charges of $3.4 million related to the impairment of goodwill, $1.9 million related to the impairment of certain technology and $0.5 million of machinery and equipment purchased in connection with our acquisition of Dawin Electronics, which we refer to as the “Dawin acquisition,” and the impact of impairment charges of $0.6 million related to the impairment of certain existing technology.	
(b)	This adjustment eliminates the impact of non-cash equity-based compensation expenses. Although we expect to incur non-cash equity-based compensation expenses in the future, we believe that analysts and investors will find it helpful to review our operating performance without the effects of these non-cash expenses, as supplemental information.	
 
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(c)	This adjustment eliminates the impact of non-cash foreign currency translation associated with intercompany debt obligations and foreign currency denominated receivables and payables, as well as the cash impact of foreign currency transaction gains or losses on collection of such receivables and payment of such payables. Although we expect to incur foreign currency translation gains or losses in the future, we believe that analysts and investors will find it helpful to review our operating performance without the effects of these primarily non-cash gains or losses, as supplemental information.	
(d)	This adjustment eliminates the impact of gain or loss recognized in income on derivatives, which represents hedge ineffectiveness or derivatives value changes excluded from the risk being hedged. We enter into derivative transactions to mitigate foreign exchange risks. As our derivative transactions are limited to a certain portion of our expected cash flows denominated in U.S. dollars, and we do not enter into derivative transactions for trading or speculative purposes, we do not believe that these charges or gains are indicative of our core operating performance.	
(e)	This adjustment eliminates expenses incurred for our secondary offerings in September 2013 and February 2013.	
(f)	This adjustment eliminates the impact of loss on repayment of $203.7 million aggregate principal amount of our then outstanding 10.5% senior notes due April 15, 2018 (the “2018 Notes”) in 2013.	
(g)	For 2015, this adjustment eliminates (i) $20.1 million in expenses incurred in connection with the Audit Committee’s independent investigation and related restatement and litigation, primarily comprised of legal, audit and consulting fees; and (ii) the settlement of $23.5 million related to the Class Action Litigation; offset by the proceeds from insurance payments in the amount of $2.4 million and additional proceeds of $29.6 million from our insurers. For 2014, this adjustment eliminates $40.9 million in expenses in connection with the Audit Committee’s independent investigation and related restatement and litigation, primarily comprised of legal, audit and consulting fees. This amount does not include any allocation of internal costs related to the restatement.	
Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:
 
 	•	 	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements, for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;	
 
 	•	 	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;	
 
 	•	 	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our debt;	
 
 	•	 	although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements;	
 
 	•	 	Adjusted EBITDA does not consider the potentially dilutive impact of issuing equity-based compensation to our management team and employees;	
 
 	•	 	Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the costs of holding certain assets and liabilities in foreign currencies; and	
 
 	•	 	other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.	
Because of these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as a measure of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our US GAAP results and using Adjusted EBITDA only supplementally.
We present Adjusted Net Loss as a further supplemental measure of our performance. We prepare Adjusted Net Loss by adjusting net income (loss) to eliminate the impact of a number of non-cash expenses and other items that may be either one time or recurring that we do not consider to be indicative of our core ongoing
 
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operating performance. We believe that Adjusted Net Loss is particularly useful because it reflects the impact of our asset base and capital structure on our operating performance. We present Adjusted Net Loss for a number of reasons, including:
 
 	•	 	we use Adjusted Net Loss in communications with our Board of Directors concerning our consolidated financial performance;	
 
 	•	 	we believe that Adjusted Net Loss is an enterprise level performance measure commonly reported and widely used by analysts and investors in our industry; and	
 
 	•	 	our investor and analyst presentations may include Adjusted Net Loss.	
Adjusted Net Loss is not a measure defined in accordance with US GAAP and should not be construed as an alternative to income from continuing operations, cash flows from operating activities or net income (loss), as determined in accordance with US GAAP. We encourage you to evaluate each adjustment and the reasons we consider them appropriate. Other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted Net Loss differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. In addition, in evaluating Adjusted Net Loss, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in this presentation. We define Adjusted Net Loss for the periods indicated as net income (loss), adjusted to exclude (i) restructuring and impairment charges, (ii) equity-based compensation expense, (iii) amortization of intangibles, (iv) foreign currency loss (gain), net, (v) derivative valuation loss (gain), net, (vi) secondary offering and others, (vii) loss on early extinguishment of senior notes and (viii) restatement related expenses.
The following table summarizes the adjustments to net loss that we make in order to calculate Adjusted Net Loss for the periods indicated:

 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2015	 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2014	 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2013	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Net Loss	  	$	(84.9	) 	  	$	(117.2	) 	  	$	(64.2	) 	
Adjustments:	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Restructuring and impairment charges(a)	  	 	—  	 	  	 	10.3	  	  	 	8.2	  	
Equity-based compensation expense(b)	  	 	2.8	  	  	 	2.1	  	  	 	2.2	  	
Amortization of intangibles(c)	  	 	—  	  	  	 	1.2	  	  	 	5.5	  	
Foreign currency loss (gain), net(d)	  	 	42.5	  	  	 	24.6	  	  	 	(16.8	) 	
Derivative valuation loss (gain), net(e)	  	 	0.5	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	(0.6	) 	
Secondary offering and others(f)	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	  	 	1.4	  	
Loss on early extinguishment of senior notes(g)	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	  	 	32.8	  	
Restatement related expenses(h)	  	 	12.4	  	  	 	40.9	  	  	 	—  	 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Adjusted Net Loss	  	$	(26.7	) 	  	$	(38.1	) 	  	$	(31.5	) 	

(a)	This adjustment is comprised of all items included in the restructuring and impairment charges line item on our consolidated statements of operations, and eliminates the impact of restructuring and impairment charges related to (i) for 2014, the impact of impairment charges of $10.3 million related to the closure of our 6-inch fab, and (ii) for 2013, restructuring charges of $1.8 million related to the restructuring of our 6-inch fab, and the impact of impairment charges of $3.4 million related to the impairment of goodwill, $1.9 million related to the impairment of certain technology and $0.5 million of machinery and equipment purchased in connection with the Dawin acquisition, and the impact of impairment charges of $0.6 million related to the impairment of certain existing technology.	
(b)	This adjustment eliminates the impact of non-cash equity-based compensation expenses. Although we expect to incur non-cash equity-based compensation expenses in the future, we believe that analysts and investors will find it helpful to review our operating performance without the effects of these non-cash expenses, as supplemental information.	
 
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(c)	This adjustment eliminates the non-cash impact of amortization expense for intangible assets created as a result of the purchase accounting treatment of the Original Acquisition and other subsequent acquisitions, and from the application of fresh-start accounting in connection with the reorganization proceedings. We do not believe these non-cash amortization expenses for intangibles are indicative of our core ongoing operating performance because the assets would not have been capitalized on our balance sheet but for the application of purchase accounting or fresh-start accounting, as applicable.	
(d)	This adjustment eliminates the impact of non-cash foreign currency translation associated with intercompany debt obligations and foreign currency denominated receivables and payables, as well as the cash impact of foreign currency transaction gains or losses on collection of such receivables and payment of such payables. Although we expect to incur foreign currency translation gains or losses in the future, we believe that analysts and investors will find it helpful to review our operating performance without the effects of these primarily non-cash gains or losses, as supplemental information.	
(e)	This adjustment eliminates the impact of gain or loss recognized in income on derivatives, which represents hedge ineffectiveness or derivatives value changes excluded from the risk being hedged. We enter into derivative transactions to mitigate foreign exchange risks. As our derivative transactions are limited to a certain portion of our expected cash flows denominated in U.S. dollars, and we do not enter into derivative transactions for trading or speculative purposes, we do not believe that these charges or gains are indicative of our core operating performance.	
(f)	This adjustment eliminates expenses incurred for our secondary offerings in September 2013 and February 2013.	
(g)	This adjustment eliminates the impact of loss on repayment of $203.7 million aggregate principal amount of the 2018 Notes in 2013.	
(h)	For 2015, this adjustment eliminates (i) $20.1 million in expenses incurred in connection with the Audit Committee’s independent investigation and related restatement and litigation, primarily comprised of legal, audit and consulting fees; and (ii) the settlement of $23.5 million related to the Class Action Litigation; offset by the proceeds from insurance payments in the amount of $2.4 million and additional proceeds of $29.6 million from our insurers. For 2014, this adjustment eliminates $40.9 million in expenses in connection with the Audit Committee’s independent investigation and related restatement and litigation, primarily comprised of legal, audit and consulting fees. This amount does not include any allocation of internal costs related to the restatement.	
Adjusted Net Loss has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under US GAAP. Some of these limitations are:
 
 	•	 	Adjusted Net Loss does not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements, for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;	
 
 	•	 	Adjusted Net Loss does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;	
 
 	•	 	Adjusted Net Loss does not consider the potentially dilutive impact of issuing equity-based compensation to our management team and employees;	
 
 	•	 	Adjusted Net Loss does not reflect the costs of holding certain assets and liabilities in foreign currencies; and	
 
 	•	 	other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted Net Loss differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.	
Because of these limitations, Adjusted Net Loss should not be considered as a measure of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our US GAAP results and using Adjusted Net Loss only supplementally.
In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss should not be construed as an inference that our future
 
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results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss are not measures defined in accordance with US GAAP and should not be construed as an alternative to operating income, cash flows from operating activities or net income (loss), as determined in accordance with US GAAP.
Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss for the year ended December 31, 2015 were $0.8 million and $26.7 million, respectively. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss for the year ended December 31, 2014 were $8.5 million and $38.1 million, respectively. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss for the year ended December 31, 2013 were $20.0 million and $31.5 million, respectively.
Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
Net Sales. We derive virtually all of our sales (net of sales returns and allowances) from two segments: Foundry Services Group and Standard Products Group. Our product inventory is primarily located in Korea and is available for drop shipment globally. Outside of Korea, we maintain limited product inventory, and our sales representatives generally relay orders to our factories in Korea for fulfillment. We have strategically located our sales and technical support offices near concentrations of major customers. Our sales offices are located in Korea, the United States, Japan and Greater China. Our network of authorized agents and distributors consists of agents in the United States and Europe and distributors and agents in the Asia Pacific region. Our net sales from All other consist principally of the disposal of waste materials.
We recognize revenue when risk and reward of ownership pass to the customer either upon shipment, upon product delivery at the customer’s location or upon customer acceptance, depending on the terms of the arrangement. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we sold products to over 220 and 280 customers, respectively, and our net sales to our ten largest customers represented 64% and 61% of our net sales, respectively. We have a combined production capacity of over 125,000 eight-inch equivalent semiconductor wafers per month. We believe our large-scale, cost-effective fabrication facilities enable us to rapidly adjust our production levels to meet shifts in demand by our end customers.
Gross Profit. Our overall gross profit generally fluctuates as a result of changes in overall sales volumes and in the average selling prices of our products and services. Other factors that influence our gross profit include changes in product mix, the introduction of new products and services and subsequent generations of existing products and services, shifts in the utilization of our manufacturing facilities and the yields achieved by our manufacturing operations, changes in material, labor and other manufacturing costs including outsourced manufacturing expenses, and variation in depreciation expense.
Average Selling Prices. Average selling prices for our products tend to be highest at the time of introduction of new products which utilize the latest technology and tend to decrease over time as such products mature in the market and are replaced by next generation products. We strive to offset the impact of declining selling prices for existing products through our product development activities and by introducing new products that command selling prices above the average selling price of our existing products. In addition, we seek to manage our inventories and manufacturing capacity so as to preclude losses from product and productive capacity obsolescence.
Material Costs. Our cost of material consists of costs of raw materials, such as silicon wafers, chemicals, gases and tape and packaging supplies. We use processes that require specialized raw materials, such as silicon wafers, that are generally available from a limited number of suppliers. If demand increases or supplies decrease, the costs of our raw materials could significantly increase.
Labor Costs. A significant portion of our employees are located in Korea. Under Korean labor laws, most employees and certain executive officers with one or more years of service are entitled to severance benefits upon the termination of their employment based on their length of service and rate of pay. As of December 31, 2015, approximately 98% of our employees were eligible for severance benefits.
 
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Depreciation Expense. We periodically evaluate the carrying values of long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, as well as the related depreciation periods. We depreciated our property, plant and equipment using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of our assets. Depreciation rates vary from 30-40 years on buildings to 5 to 12 years for certain equipment and assets. Our evaluation of carrying values is based on various analyses including cash flow and profitability projections. If our projections indicate that future undiscounted cash flows are not sufficient to recover the carrying values of the related long-lived assets, the carrying value of the assets is impaired and will be reduced, with the reduction charged to expense so that the carrying value is equal to fair value.
Selling Expenses. We sell our products worldwide through a direct sales force as well as a network of sales agents and representatives to OEMs, including major branded customers and contract manufacturers, and indirectly through distributors. Selling expenses consist primarily of the personnel costs for the members of our direct sales force, a network of sales representatives and other costs of distribution. Personnel costs include base salary, benefits and incentive compensation.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses consist of the costs of various corporate operations, including finance, legal, human resources and other administrative functions. These expenses primarily consist of payroll-related expenses, consulting and other professional fees and office facility-related expenses.
Research and Development. The rapid technological change and product obsolescence that characterize our industry require us to make continuous investments in research and development. Product development time frames vary but, in general, we incur research and development costs one to two years before generating sales from the associated new products. These expenses include personnel costs for members of our engineering workforce, cost of photomasks, silicon wafers and other non-recurring engineering charges related to product design. Additionally, we develop base line process technology through experimentation and through the design and use of characterization wafers that help achieve commercially feasible yields for new products. The majority of research and development expenses are for process development that serves as a common technology platform for all of our product lines.
Interest Expense. Our interest expense was incurred primarily under the 2018 Notes and the 2021 Notes.
Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates on Reported Results of Operations. Historically, a portion of our revenues and greater than the majority of our operating expenses and costs of sales have been denominated in non-U.S. currencies, principally the Korean won, and we expect that this will remain true in the future. Because we report our results of operations in U.S. dollars converted from our non-U.S. revenues and expenses based on monthly average exchange rates, changes in the exchange rate between the Korean won and the U.S. dollar could materially impact our reported results of operations and distort period to period comparisons. In particular, because of the difference in the amount of our consolidated revenues and expenses that are in U.S. dollars relative to Korean won, depreciation in the U.S. dollar relative to the Korean won could result in a material increase in reported costs relative to revenues, and therefore could cause our profit margins and operating income (loss) to appear to decline materially, particularly relative to prior periods. The converse is true if the U.S. dollar were to appreciate relative to the Korean won. Moreover, our foreign currency gain or loss would be affected by changes in the exchange rate between the Korean won and the U.S. dollar as a substantial portion of non-cash translation gain or loss is associated with the intercompany long-term loans to our Korean subsidiary, which is denominated in U.S. dollars. As of December 31, 2015, the outstanding intercompany loan balance including accrued interests between our Korean subsidiary and our Dutch subsidiary was $591 million. As a result of such foreign currency fluctuations, it could be more difficult to detect underlying trends in our business and results of operations. In addition, to the extent that fluctuations in currency exchange rates cause our results of operations to differ from our expectations or the expectations of our investors, the trading price of our stock could be adversely affected.
 
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From time to time, we may engage in exchange rate hedging activities in an effort to mitigate the impact of exchange rate fluctuations. Our Korean subsidiary enters into foreign currency forward and zero cost collar contracts in order to mitigate a portion of the impact of U.S. dollar-Korean won exchange rate fluctuations on our operating results. Obligations under these foreign currency forward and zero cost collar contracts must be cash collateralized if our exposure exceeds certain specified thresholds. These forward and zero cost collar contracts may be terminated by the counterparty in a number of circumstances, including if our total cash and cash equivalents is less than $30.0 million at the end of a fiscal quarter unless a waiver is obtained from the counterparty. We cannot assure that any hedging technique we implement will be effective. If our hedging activities are not effective, changes in currency exchange rates may have a more significant impact on our results of operations.
Foreign Currency Gain or Loss. Foreign currency translation gains or losses on transactions by us or our subsidiaries in a currency other than our or our subsidiaries’ functional currency are included in our statements of operations as a component of other income (expense). A substantial portion of this net foreign currency gain or loss relates to non-cash translation gain or loss related to the principal balance of intercompany balances at our Korean subsidiary that are denominated in U.S. dollars. This gain or loss results from fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Korean won and U.S. dollar.
Income Taxes. We record our income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves using an asset and liability approach whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for differences in the financial reporting bases and tax bases of our assets and liabilities. We exercise significant management judgment in determining our provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities. We assess whether it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets existing at the period-end will be realized in future periods. In such assessment, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent results of operations. In the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize the deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, we would adjust the valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.
Our operations are subject to income and transaction taxes in the United States and in multiple foreign jurisdictions, including Korea. Significant estimates and judgments are required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes. Some of these estimates are based on interpretations of existing tax laws or regulations. The ultimate amount of tax liability may be uncertain as a result.
Capital Expenditures. We invest in manufacturing equipment, software design tools and other tangible and intangible assets for capacity expansion and technology improvement. Capacity expansions and technology improvements typically occur in anticipation of increases in demand. We typically pay for capital expenditures in partial installments with portions due on order, delivery and final acceptance. Our capital expenditures include our payments for the purchase of property, plant and equipment as well as payments for the registration of intellectual property rights.
Inventories. We monitor our inventory levels in light of product development changes and market expectations. We may be required to take additional charges for quantities in excess of demand, cost in excess of market value and product age. Our analysis may take into consideration historical usage, expected demand, anticipated sales price, new product development schedules, the effect new products might have on the sales of existing products, product age, customer design activity, customer concentration and other factors. These forecasts require us to estimate our ability to predict demand for current and future products and compare those estimates with our current inventory levels and inventory purchase commitments. Our forecasts for our inventory may differ from actual inventory use.
 
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain information related to our operations, expressed in U.S. dollars and as a percentage of our net sales:

 	  	Year Ended
December 31,
2015	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2014	 	 	Year Ended
December 31,
2013	 	
 	  	Amount	 	 	% of
net sales	 	 	Amount	 	 	% of
net sales	 	 	Amount	 	 	% of
net sales	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Consolidated statements of operations data:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net sales	  	$	633.7	  	 	 	100.0	% 	 	$	698.2	  	 	 	100.0	% 	 	$	734.2	  	 	 	100.0	% 	
Cost of sales	  	 	498.8	  	 	 	78.7	  	 	 	545.4	  	 	 	78.1	  	 	 	579.1	  	 	 	78.9	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gross profit	  	 	134.9	  	 	 	21.3	  	 	 	152.9	  	 	 	21.9	  	 	 	155.1	  	 	 	21.1	  	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	94.4	  	 	 	14.9	  	 	 	127.0	  	 	 	18.2	  	 	 	85.8	  	 	 	11.7	  	
Research and development expenses	  	 	83.4	  	 	 	13.2	  	 	 	92.8	  	 	 	13.3	  	 	 	87.9	  	 	 	12.0	  	
Restructuring and impairment charges	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	10.3	  	 	 	1.5	  	 	 	8.2	  	 	 	1.1	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating loss	  	 	(42.9	) 	 	 	(6.8	) 	 	 	(77.1	) 	 	 	(11.0	) 	 	 	(26.8	) 	 	 	(3.6	) 	
Interest expense	  	 	(16.3	) 	 	 	(2.6	) 	 	 	(16.8	) 	 	 	(2.4	) 	 	 	(21.1	) 	 	 	(2.9	) 	
Foreign currency gain (loss), net	  	 	(42.5	) 	 	 	(6.7	) 	 	 	(24.7	) 	 	 	(3.5	) 	 	 	16.8	  	 	 	2.3	  	
Loss on early extinguishment of senior notes	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(32.8	) 	 	 	(4.5	) 	
Others, net	  	 	1.8	  	 	 	0.3	  	 	 	2.9	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	3.6	  	 	 	0.5	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	 	(57.0	) 	 	 	(9.0	) 	 	 	(38.6	) 	 	 	(5.5	) 	 	 	(33.5	) 	 	 	(4.6	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Loss before income taxes	  	 	(100.0	) 	 	 	(15.8	) 	 	 	(115.7	) 	 	 	(16.6	) 	 	 	(60.2	) 	 	 	(8.2	) 	
Income tax expenses (benefits)	  	 	(15.1	) 	 	 	(2.4	) 	 	 	1.5	  	 	 	0.2	  	 	 	4.0	  	 	 	0.5	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net loss	  	$	(84.9	) 	 	 	(13.4	)% 	 	$	(117.2	) 	 	 	(16.8	)% 	 	$	(64.2	) 	 	 	(8.7	)% 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Sales:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foundry Services Group	  	$	290.8	  	 	 	45.9	% 	 	$	360.5	  	 	 	51.6	% 	 	$	395.4	  	 	 	53.9	% 	
Standard Products Group	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Display Solutions	  	 	207.5	  	 	 	32.7	  	 	 	199.9	  	 	 	28.6	  	 	 	203.0	  	 	 	27.6	  	
Power Solutions	  	 	134.8	  	 	 	21.3	  	 	 	137.2	  	 	 	19.7	  	 	 	135.3	  	 	 	18.4	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Standard Products Group	  	 	342.3	  	 	 	54.0	  	 	 	337.1	  	 	 	48.3	  	 	 	338.3	  	 	 	46.0	  	
All other	  	 	0.6	  	 	 	0.1	  	 	 	0.6	  	 	 	0.1	  	 	 	0.5	  	 	 	0.1	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net sales	  	$	633.7	  	 	 	100.0	% 	 	$	698.2	  	 	 	100.0	% 	 	$	734.2	  	 	 	100.0	% 	

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Results of Operations—Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014
The following table sets forth consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014:

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2015	 	 	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	 	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Amount	 	 	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Change
Amount	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Net sales	  	$	633.7	  	 	 	100.0	% 	 	$	698.2	  	 	 	100.0	% 	 	$	(64.5	) 	
Cost of sales	  	 	498.8	  	 	 	78.7	  	 	 	545.4	  	 	 	78.1	  	 	 	(46.5	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gross profit	  	 	134.9	  	 	 	21.3	  	 	 	152.9	  	 	 	21.9	  	 	 	(18.0	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	94.4	  	 	 	14.9	  	 	 	127.0	  	 	 	18.2	  	 	 	(32.6	) 	
Research and development expenses	  	 	83.4	  	 	 	13.2	  	 	 	92.8	  	 	 	13.3	  	 	 	(9.3	) 	
Restructuring and impairment charges	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	10.3	  	 	 	1.5	  	 	 	(10.3	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating loss	  	 	(42.9	) 	 	 	(6.8	) 	 	 	(77.1	) 	 	 	(11.0	) 	 	 	34.2	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Interest expense	  	 	(16.3	) 	 	 	(2.6	) 	 	 	(16.8	) 	 	 	(2.4	) 	 	 	0.6	  	
Foreign currency loss, net	  	 	(42.5	) 	 	 	(6.7	) 	 	 	(24.7	) 	 	 	(3.5	) 	 	 	(17.9	) 	
Others, net	  	 	1.8	  	 	 	0.3	  	 	 	2.9	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	(1.1	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	 	(57.0	) 	 	 	(9.0	) 	 	 	(38.6	) 	 	 	(5.5	) 	 	 	(18.4	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Loss before income taxes	  	 	(100.0	) 	 	 	(15.8	) 	 	 	(115.7	) 	 	 	(16.6	) 	 	 	15.7	  	
Income tax expenses (benefits)	  	 	(15.1	) 	 	 	(2.4	) 	 	 	1.5	  	 	 	0.2	  	 	 	(16.6	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net loss	  	$	(84.9	) 	 	 	(13.4	) 	 	$	(117.2	) 	 	 	(16.8	) 	 	$	32.3	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Results by segment

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2015	 	 	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	  	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Amount	 	  	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Change
Amount	 	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	 	 	
Net Sales	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foundry Services Group	  	$	290.8	  	  	 	45.9	% 	 	$	360.5	  	  	 	51.6	% 	 	$	(69.8	) 	 	 	
Standard Products Group	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Display Solutions	  	 	207.5	  	  	 	32.7	  	 	 	199.9	  	  	 	28.6	  	 	 	7.6	  	 	 	
Power Solutions	  	 	134.8	  	  	 	21.3	  	 	 	137.2	  	  	 	19.7	  	 	 	(2.4	) 	 	 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Standard Products Group	  	 	342.3	  	  	 	54.0	  	 	 	337.1	  	  	 	48.3	  	 	 	5.2	  	 	 	
All other	  	 	0.6	  	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	0.6	  	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	0.1	  	 	 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net sales	  	$	633.7	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	698.2	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	(64.5	) 	 	 	

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2015	 	 	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	  	% of
Gross Profit	 	 	Amount	 	  	% of
Gross Profit	 	 	Change
Amount	 	 	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	 	 	
Gross Profit	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foundry Services Group	  	$	66.2	  	  	 	49.1	% 	 	$	75.7	  	  	 	49.5	% 	 	$	(9.5	) 	 	 	
Standard Products Group	  	 	68.1	  	  	 	50.5	  	 	 	76.6	  	  	 	50.1	  	 	 	(8.5	) 	 	 	
All other	  	 	0.6	  	  	 	0.4	  	 	 	0.6	  	  	 	0.4	  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total gross profit	  	$	134.9	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	152.9	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	(18.0	) 	 	 	

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Net sales were $633.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, a $64.5 million, or 9.2%, decrease compared to $698.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Net sales declined in 2015 compared to fiscal year 2014 primarily as a result of significant decrease in revenue related to our Foundry Services Group segment as described below.
Foundry Services Group. Net sales from our Foundry Services Group segment were $290.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, a $69.8 million, or 19.4%, decrease compared to $360.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease was primarily attributable to reduced levels of demand of our foundry services and discontinuation of certain products by customers serving the smartphone market.
Standard Products Group. Net sales from our Standard Products Group segment were $342.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, a $5.2 million, or 1.5%, increase compared to $337.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. This increase was due to increase in revenue related to our Display Solutions business line, which was partially offset by the decrease in revenue related to our Power Solutions business line as described below.
Net sales from our Display Solutions business line were $207.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, a $7.6 million, or 3.8%, increase from $199.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase in sales was primarily attributable to higher sales of Source Drivers among large display products, primarily for monitors, notebooks and TVs, which was partially offset by reduced sales of mobile display products.
Net sales from our Power Solutions business line were $134.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, a $2.4 million, or 1.7%, decrease from $137.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease in sales was primarily attributable to reduced production of low gross margin Power Modules as part of our product portfolio optimization process, which was partially offset by increased demand for premium products such as high end MOSFETs and IGBTs primarily for mobile and industrial applications.
All Other. All other net sales were $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
Gross Profit
Total gross profit was $134.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $152.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a $18.0 million, or 11.8%, decrease. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased slightly to 21.3% compared to 21.9% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was primarily attributable to the negative impact of unfavorable product mix and a lower utilization rate, partially offset by the positive impact of lower unit costs due to our cost reduction efforts from our Standard Products Group segment as further described below.
Foundry Services Group. Gross profit from our Foundry Services Group segment was $66.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, a $9.5 million, or 12.5%, decrease compared to $75.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased to 22.8% compared to 21.0% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was mainly attributable to the positive impact of lower unit costs resulting from decrease in labor and utilities spending due to our continuing cost reduction efforts. This increase was partially offset by the negative impact of unfavorable product mix and a lower utilization rate mainly caused by reduced levels of demand from certain customers.
Standard Products Group. Gross profit from our Standard Products Group segment was $68.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, a $8.5 million, or 11.1%, decrease from $76.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased to
 
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19.9% compared to 22.7% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was primarily attributable to the negative impact of a lower utilization rate mainly caused by reduced levels of demand from certain customers, and unfavorable product mix due to decrease in mobile display product sales and increase in large display products sales. This decrease was partially offset by lower unit costs resulting from decrease in spending related to labor and utilities due to our continuing cost reduction efforts.
All Other. All other gross profit was $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
Net Sales by Geographic Region
We report net sales by geographic region based on the location to which the products are billed. The following table sets forth our net sales by geographic region and the percentage of total net sales represented by each geographic region for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014:

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2015	 	 	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	  	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Amount	 	  	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Change
Amount	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Korea	  	$	241.7	  	  	 	38.1	% 	 	$	260.1	  	  	 	37.3	% 	 	$	(18.4	) 	
Asia Pacific (other than Korea)	  	 	316.6	  	  	 	50.0	  	 	 	324.2	  	  	 	46.4	  	 	 	(7.7	) 	
U.S.A.	  	 	51.2	  	  	 	8.1	  	 	 	91.3	  	  	 	13.1	  	 	 	(40.1	) 	
Europe	  	 	23.5	  	  	 	3.7	  	 	 	21.2	  	  	 	3.0	  	 	 	2.3	  	
Others	  	 	0.8	  	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	1.4	  	  	 	0.2	  	 	 	(0.6	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	$	633.7	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	698.2	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	(64.5	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net sales in the U.S. for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased from $91.3 million to $51.2 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, or by $40.1 million, or 43.9%, primarily due to the decrease in demand of our foundry services from customers serving the high end smartphone market.
Net sales in Korea for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased from $260.1 million to $241.7 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, or by $18.4 million, or 7.1%, primarily due to discontinued use of a distributor in Korea and selling direct to OEM subsidiaries in Asia Pacific. This decrease was partially offset by higher sales of large display products such as Source Drivers primarily for monitors, notebooks and TVs.
Net sales in Asia Pacific for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased from $324.2 million to $316.6 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, or by $7.7 million, or 2.4%. The decrease was primarily attributable to the negative impact of decrease in demand due to discontinuation of a certain product by a customer serving the smartphone market, and reduced demand for mobile display products primarily for table PCs and feature phones. This decrease was partially offset by the positive impact of discontinued use of a distributor in Korea and selling direct to OEM subsidiaries in Asia Pacific.
Operating Expenses
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses were $94.4 million, or 14.9% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $127.0 million, or 18.2% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease of $32.6 million, or 25.7%, was primarily attributable to a $28.5 million decrease in restatement related professional service fees and a $2.6 million decrease in personnel costs due to our continuing cost reduction efforts.
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses were $83.4 million, or 13.2% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $92.8 million, or 13.3% of net sales for the year
 
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ended December 31, 2014. The decrease of $9.3 million, or 10.0%, was primarily due to the decrease in material and personnel costs mainly due to our continuing cost reduction efforts.
Restructuring and Impairment Charges. Restructuring and impairment charges of $10.3 million recorded for the year ended December 31, 2014 were related to the planned closure of our six-inch fabrication facilities.
Operating Loss
As a result of the foregoing, operating loss decreased by $34.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. As discussed above, the decrease in operating loss resulted from a $32.6 million decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses, which were mainly driven by decreased professional service fees related to the restatement and certain litigation, a $10.3 million decrease in restructuring and impairment charges and a $9.3 million decrease in research and development expenses, which was partially offset by a $18.0 million decrease in gross profit.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Expense. Interest expense was $16.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and 16.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, respectively.
Foreign Currency Loss, Net. Net foreign currency loss for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $42.5 million, compared to net foreign currency loss of $24.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. A substantial portion of our net foreign currency gain or loss is non-cash translation gain or loss associated with intercompany balances at our Korean subsidiary and is affected by changes in the exchange rate between the Korean won and the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency translation gain or loss from intercompany balances was included in determining our consolidated net income since the intercompany balances were not considered long-term investments in nature because management intended to settle these intercompany balances at their respective maturity dates.
Others, Net. Others were comprised of gains and losses on valuation of derivatives which were designated as hedging instruments, rental income and interest income. Others for the year ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 was $1.8 million and $2.9 million, respectively. The decrease of $1.1 million was primarily attributable to net loss on valuation of derivatives due to hedge ineffectiveness.
Income Tax Expenses (Benefits)
We are subject to income taxes in the United States and many foreign jurisdictions and our effective tax rate is affected by changes in the mix of earnings between countries with differing tax rates. Our primary foreign operations are in Korea where the statutory tax rate applicable to us was approximately 24.2% in 2015 and 2014. Statutory tax rates for all foreign subsidiaries other than our Japanese subsidiary were less than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35.0%.
We recorded income tax benefits of $15.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and income tax expenses of $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The effective tax rate was 15.1% for the year ended December 31, 2015, as compared to (1.3)% for the year ended December 31, 2014.
The income tax benefits computed at statutory tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2015 were substantially offset by changes in valuation allowance, the difference in foreign tax rates lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate and withholding taxes in our Dutch subsidiary. The significant increase in income tax benefits in 2015 is due to the reversal of withholding tax payable with respect to the waiver of the accrued interest on the loans granted to our Korean subsidiary by our Dutch subsidiary. On December 7, 2015, our Korean and Dutch subsidiaries agreed that our Dutch subsidiary waives and releases a partial amount of unpaid
 
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interest of $174 million on its intercompany loans granted to our Korean subsidiary in order to decrease the cumulative losses of our Korean subsidiary to enhance the subsidiary’s credit standing under the local banking rules. This transaction created a taxable income for our Korean subsidiary but did not result in a liability because of the utilization of expired loss carryforwards, which is deductible only against gains from cancellation of debt. The loss was not tax deductible for our Dutch subsidiary. This transaction also resulted in taxable loss for our Luxemburg subsidiary and this tax benefit was offset by an increase in the change in valuation allowance. In connection with the waiver of unpaid interest, the related withholding tax was reversed, resulting in the recognition of income tax benefit of $17.8 million as of December 31, 2015.
We make an ongoing assessment regarding the realization of U.S. and non-U.S. deferred tax assets. The valuation allowances at December 31, 2015 and 2014 are primarily attributable to deferred tax assets for the uncertainty in taxable income at our Korean subsidiary for which we have recorded a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets, net of its deferred tax liabilities, and against certain of our foreign subsidiaries’ deferred tax assets pertaining to their related tax loss carry-forwards and tax credits that are not anticipated to generate a tax benefit.
Net Loss
As a result of the foregoing, net loss decreased by $32.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. As discussed above, the decrease in net loss was primarily due to a $34.2 million decrease in operating loss and a $16.6 million decrease in income tax expenses, partially offset by a $17.9 million increase in foreign currency loss.
Results of Operations—Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013
The following table sets forth consolidated results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	 	Year Ended
December 31, 2013	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	 	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Amount	 	 	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Change
Amount	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Net sales	  	$	698.2	  	 	 	100.0	% 	 	$	734.2	  	 	 	100.0	% 	 	$	(36.0	) 	
Cost of sales	  	 	545.4	  	 	 	78.1	  	 	 	579.1	  	 	 	78.9	  	 	 	(33.8	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gross profit	  	 	152.9	  	 	 	21.9	  	 	 	155.1	  	 	 	21.1	  	 	 	(2.2	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	127.0	  	 	 	18.2	  	 	 	85.8	  	 	 	11.7	  	 	 	41.2	  	
Research and development expenses	  	 	92.8	  	 	 	13.3	  	 	 	87.9	  	 	 	12.0	  	 	 	4.9	  	
Restructuring and impairment charges	  	 	10.3	  	 	 	1.5	  	 	 	8.2	  	 	 	1.1	  	 	 	2.1	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating loss	  	 	(77.1	) 	 	 	(11.0	) 	 	 	(26.8	) 	 	 	(3.6	) 	 	 	(50.4	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Interest expense	  	 	(16.8	) 	 	 	(2.4	) 	 	 	(21.1	) 	 	 	(2.9	) 	 	 	4.3	  	
Foreign currency gain (loss), net	  	 	(24.7	) 	 	 	(3.5	) 	 	 	16.8	  	 	 	2.3	  	 	 	(41.5	) 	
Loss on early extinguishment of senior notes	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(32.8	) 	 	 	(4.5	) 	 	 	32.8	  	
Others, net	  	 	2.9	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	3.6	  	 	 	0.5	  	 	 	(0.7	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	 	(38.6	) 	 	 	(5.5	) 	 	 	(33.5	) 	 	 	(4.6	) 	 	 	(5.1	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Loss before income taxes	  	 	(115.7	) 	 	 	(16.6	) 	 	 	(60.2	) 	 	 	(8.2	) 	 	 	(55.5	) 	
Income tax expenses	  	 	1.5	  	 	 	0.2	  	 	 	4.0	  	 	 	0.5	  	 	 	(2.4	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net loss	  	$	(117.2	) 	 	 	(16.8	) 	 	$	(64.2	) 	 	 	(8.7	) 	 	$	(53.0	) 	

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Results by segment

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	 	Year Ended
December 31, 2013	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	  	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Amount	 	  	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Change
Amount	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Net Sales	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foundry Services Group	  	$	360.5	  	  	 	51.6	% 	 	$	395.4	  	  	 	53.9	% 	 	$	(34.8	) 	
Standard Products Group	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Display Solutions	  	 	199.9	  	  	 	28.6	  	 	 	203.0	  	  	 	27.6	  	 	 	(3.1	) 	
Power Solutions	  	 	137.2	  	  	 	19.7	  	 	 	135.3	  	  	 	18.4	  	 	 	1.9	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Standard Products Group	  	 	337.1	  	  	 	48.3	  	 	 	338.3	  	  	 	46.0	  	 	 	(1.2	) 	
All other	  	 	0.6	  	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	0.5	  	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	—  	 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net sales	  	$	698.2	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	734.2	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	(36.0	) 	

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	 	Year Ended
December 31, 2013	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	  	% of
Gross Profit	 	 	Amount	 	  	% of
Gross Profit	 	 	Change
Amount	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Gross Profit	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foundry Services Group	  	$	75.7	  	  	 	49.5	% 	 	$	108.7	  	  	 	70.1	% 	 	$	(32.9	) 	
Standard Products Group	  	 	76.6	  	  	 	50.1	  	 	 	45.9	  	  	 	29.6	  	 	 	30.7	  	
All other	  	 	0.6	  	  	 	0.4	  	 	 	0.5	  	  	 	0.3	  	 	 	—  	 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total gross profit	  	$	152.9	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	155.1	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	(2.2	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net sales were $698.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a $36.0 million, or 4.9%, decrease compared to $734.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Net sales declined in 2014 compared to fiscal year 2013 primarily as a result of significant decrease in revenue related to our Foundry Services Group segment as described below.
Foundry Services Group. Net sales from our Foundry Services Group segment were $360.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a $34.8 million, or 8.8%, decrease compared to net sales of $395.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease was attributable to reduced levels of demand of our products by customers primarily serving the smartphone market.
Standard Products Group. Net sales from our Standard Products Group segment were $337.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a $1.2 million, or 3.5%, decrease compared to $338.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. This decrease was primarily due to decrease in revenue related to our Display Solutions business line as described below.
Net sales from our Display Solutions business line were $199.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a $3.1 million, or 1.5%, decrease compared to $203.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decline was primarily due to lower sales of large display products by $23.0 million, offset by the increase in sales of $19.5 million in the mid-range smartphone market. Net sales from our Power Solutions business line were $137.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a $1.9 million, or 1.4%, increase compared to $135.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase in sales of premium products such as MOSFETs positively impacted our overall revenue and sales volume.
All Other. All other net sales were $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.
 
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Gross Profit
Total gross profit was $152.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to $155.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, a $2.2 million, or 1.4%, decrease. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased to 21.9% compared to 21.1% for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was primarily attributable to the decrease in inventory reserve from our Standard Products Group segment, which was partially offset by the negative impact of unfavorable product mix and a lower utilization from our Foundry Services Group segment as further described below.
Foundry Services Group. Gross profit from our Foundry Services Group segment was $75.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a $32.9 million, or 30.3%, decrease compared to $108.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2014 decreased to 21.0% compared to 27.5% for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was mainly attributable to the negative impact of unfavorable product mix and a lower utilization rate. Reduced levels of customer orders resulted in the low utilization rate. These factors were partially offset by the positive impact of the decrease in expenses of $11.0 million related to the settlement of certain commercial disputes and the remaining offset was mainly attributable to the decrease in non-recurring expenses accrual related to the revised definition of “ordinary wages” based on the Korean Supreme Court’s ruling recorded in 2013.
Standard Products Group. Gross profit from our Standard Products Group segment was $76.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a $30.7 million, or 66.9%, increase from $45.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased to 22.7% compared to 13.6% for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was mainly attributable to the decrease in inventory reserves of $ 47.1 million and the remaining increase was primarily related to reduction in non-recurring expenses accrual based on the revised definition of “ordinary wages” per the Korean Supreme Court’s ruling recorded in 2013. This increase was partially offset by the negative impact of a lower utilization rate.
All Other. All other gross profit was $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, respectively.
Net Sales by Geographic Region
We report net sales by geographic region based on the location to which the products are initially billed even if our customers’ revenue is attributable to end customers that are located in a different location. The following table sets forth our net sales by geographic region and the percentage of total net sales represented by each geographic region for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	 	Year Ended
December 31, 2013	 	 	 	 	
 	  	 	 	 	As Restated	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	  	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Amount	 	  	% of
Net Sales	 	 	Change
Amount	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Korea	  	$	260.1	  	  	 	37.3	% 	 	$	313.6	  	  	 	42.7	% 	 	$	(53.5	) 	
Asia Pacific (other than Korea)	  	 	324.2	  	  	 	46.4	  	 	 	284.4	  	  	 	38.7	  	 	 	39.8	  	
U.S.A.	  	 	91.3	  	  	 	13.1	  	 	 	100.8	  	  	 	13.7	  	 	 	(9.5	) 	
Europe	  	 	21.2	  	  	 	3.0	  	 	 	32.1	  	  	 	4.4	  	 	 	(11.0	) 	
Others	  	 	1.4	  	  	 	0.2	  	 	 	3.2	  	  	 	0.4	  	 	 	(1.8	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	$	698.2	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	734.2	  	  	 	100.0	% 	 	$	(36.0	) 	

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Net sales in Korea for the year ended December 31, 2014 decreased from $313.6 million to $260.1 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2013, or by $53.5 million, or 17.1%, primarily due to the decline in demand for our products for large display applications, discontinued use of a distributor in Korea and selling direct to OEM subsidiaries in Asia Pacific. Net sales in Asia Pacific for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased from $284.4 million to $324.2 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2013, or by $39.8 million, or 14.0%. The increase was attributable to the discontinued use of a distributor in Korea and selling direct to OEM subsidiaries in Asia Pacific.
Net sales in the U.S. for the year ended December 31, 2014 decreased from $100.8 million to $91.3 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2013, or by $9.5 million, or 9.4%. Net sales in Europe for the year ended December 31, 2014 decreased from $32.1 million to $21.2 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2013, or by $11.0 million, or 34.2%. The decreases in net sales in the U.S. and Europe were primarily due to the decrease in demand from our customers in the high end smartphone market.
Operating Expenses
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses were $127.0 million, or 18.2% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to $85.8 million, or 11.7% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase of $41.2 million, or 48.0%, was primarily attributable to expenses of $40.9 million in outside service fees related to the Audit Committee’s independent investigation and related restatement and litigation, which are primarily comprised of legal, audit and consulting fees.
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses were $92.8 million, or 13.3% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to $87.9 million, or 12.0% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase of $4.9 million, or 5.6%, was due to an increase in direct material costs related to ongoing research and development activities and an increase in personnel costs.
Restructuring and Impairment Charges. Restructuring and impairment charges for the year ended December 31, 2014 were $10.3 million, or 1.5% of net sales, an increase of $2.1 million, or 25.1%, from $8.2 million, or 1.1% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2013. Impairment charges of $10.3 million recorded for the year ended December 31, 2014 were related to the planned closure of our six-inch fabrication facilities. Restructuring charges of $1.8 million recorded for the year ended December 31, 2013 were related to the restructuring of our six-inch fabrication facilities. Impairment charges of $5.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 resulted from impairment of goodwill, certain technology and equipment of $3.4 million, $1.9 million and $0.5 million, respectively. These impairment charges related to goodwill, technology and equipment purchased in connection with the Dawin acquisition.
Operating Income
As a result of the foregoing, operating loss increased by $50.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the year ended December 31, 2013. As discussed above, the increase in operating loss primarily resulted from a $41.2 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses, which represent primarily outside service fees related to the Audit Committee’s independent investigation and related restatement and litigation, which are primarily comprised of legal, audit and consulting fees.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Expense. Interest expense was $16.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a decrease of $4.3 million compared to $21.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease of $4.3 million was primarily due to the repayment of the 2018 Notes and the issuance of the 2021 Notes in 2013.
Foreign Currency Gain (Loss), Net. Net foreign currency loss for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $24.7 million, compared to net foreign currency gain of $16.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. A
 
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substantial portion of our net foreign currency gain or loss is non-cash translation gain or loss associated with intercompany balances at our Korean subsidiary and is affected by changes in the exchange rate between the Korean won and the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency translation gain from intercompany balances was included in determining our consolidated net income since the intercompany balances were not considered long-term investments in nature because management intended to settle these intercompany balances at their respective maturity dates.
Loss on early extinguishment of senior notes. In August 2013, we repaid $203.7 million aggregate principal amount of the 2018 Notes. In relation with this repayment, we recognized $32.8 million of loss on early extinguishment of senior notes in 2013.
Others, Net. Others were comprised of gains and losses on valuation of derivatives which were designated as hedging instruments, rental income and interest income. Others for the year ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 was $2.9 million and $3.6 million, respectively. The decrease of $0.7 million was primarily attributable to net loss on valuation of derivatives due to hedge ineffectiveness.
Income Tax Expenses
We are subject to income taxes in the United States and many foreign jurisdictions and our effective tax rate is affected by changes in the mix of earnings between countries with differing tax rates. Our primary foreign operations are in Korea where the statutory tax rate applicable to us was approximately 24.2% in 2014 and 2013. Statutory tax rates for all foreign subsidiaries other than our Japanese subsidiary were less than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35%.
For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, we recorded income tax expense of $1.5 million and $4.0 million, respectively. The effective tax rate was (1.3)% for the year ended December 31, 2014, as compared to (6.6)% for the year ended December 31, 2013. The income tax benefits computed at statutory tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were substantially offset by changes in valuation allowance, the difference in foreign tax rates lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate and withholding taxes in our Dutch subsidiary.
We make an ongoing assessment regarding the realization of U.S. and non-U.S. deferred tax assets. The valuation allowances at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are primarily attributable to net deferred tax assets at our Korean subsidiary for which, due to expected losses related to our Korean subsidiary in future years, we have recorded a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets, net of its deferred tax liabilities, and against certain of our foreign subsidiaries’ deferred tax assets pertaining to their related tax loss carry-forwards and tax credits that are not anticipated to generate a tax benefit.
Net Loss
As a result of the foregoing, net loss increased by $53.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the year ended December 31, 2013. As discussed above, the increase in net loss was primarily due to a $50.4 million increase in operating loss and a $41.5 million increase in foreign currency loss, partially offset by a $32.8 million decrease in loss on early extinguishment of senior notes.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal capital requirements are to fund sales and marketing, invest in research and development and capital equipment, to make debt service payments and to fund working capital needs. We calculate working capital as current assets less current liabilities.
Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash, cash equivalents, our cash flows from operations and our financing activities. Our ability to manage cash and cash equivalents may be limited, as our primary cash flows
 
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are dictated by the terms of our sales and supply agreements, contractual obligations, debt instruments and legal and regulatory requirements. From time to time, we may sell accounts receivable to third parties under factoring agreements or engage in accounts receivable discounting to facilitate the collection of cash. For a description of our factoring arrangements and accounts receivable discounting, please see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3. Accounts Receivable” included elsewhere in this Report. In addition, from time to time, we may make payments to our vendors on extended terms with their consent. As of December 31, 2015, we have zero balance in our accounts payable on extended terms or payment deferment with our vendors.
In addition to the factoring arrangements and accounts receivable discounting described above, our cash balance at December 31, 2015 was impacted positively by $10.0 million of customer prepayments for the sale of products produced from our six-inch fabrication facility, which is expected to be closed by the end of the first quarter of 2016. Those customers paid cash prior to risk of loss of products being transferred based on the terms of the arrangements. Our cash balance at December 31, 2015 was also impacted positively by approximately $8.2 million as the result of equipment deposits received with respect to the planned closure of our six-inch fabrication facility.
During fiscal 2015, we began to implement a comprehensive cost reduction program to reduce spending and improve our cash flows. Our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity for the next twelve months to fund our operations and capital expenditures and implement our business plan and strategy will also be dependent on improving the recent negative trends in our operating results. We currently believe that we will have sufficient cash reserves from cash on hand and expected cash from operations to fund our operations and planned capital expenditures for the next twelve months. However, if our operating results do not improve, we may need to seek additional capital. There can be no assurance that any additional equity or debt financing would be available to us, or if available, that such financing would be on favorable terms to us. Accordingly, if we are unable to obtain additional capital or our business does not generate sufficient cash flows from operating activities to fund our working capital needs and planned capital expenditures, and our cash reserves are depleted, we may need to take various actions, such as down-sizing and/or eliminating certain operations, which could include additional exit costs, reducing or delaying capital expenditures, selling assets, or other restructuring actions.
Additionally, many of the aspects of management’s plan, growth strategies and cost reduction initiatives to conserve our liquidity position involve management’s judgments and estimates that include factors that may be beyond our control, and actual results could differ materially from our current expectations. As a result, these and other factors could cause our business plans, strategies and cost reduction initiatives to be unsuccessful, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and liquidity.
As of December 31, 2015, cash and cash equivalents held by our Korean subsidiary were $83.7 million, which represents 92% of our total cash and cash equivalents on a consolidated basis. We, as a holding company resident in the United States, issued our 2021 Notes. Payments under our outstanding 2021 Notes are currently funded in part by our Korean subsidiary’s repayment of its existing loans from our Dutch subsidiary, with our Dutch subsidiary using such repayments in turn to repay the loans owed to our Luxembourg subsidiary, which repays loans owed to us. We continue to analyze and review various repatriation strategies to continue to efficiently repatriate funds. Repatriation of funds could be subject to delay for local country approvals and could have potential adverse tax consequences.
Year ended December 31, 2015 compared to year ended December 31, 2014
As of December 31, 2015, our cash and cash equivalents balance was $90.9 million, a $11.6 million decrease, compared to $102.4 million as of December 31, 2014. The decrease resulted from $10.0 million of cash outflow used in operating activities and $3.4 million of cash outflow used in investing activities, which was partially offset by $3.4 million of cash inflow provided by financing activities.
 
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Cash outflow used in operating activities totaled $10.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $37.5 million of cash outflow used in operating activities in the year ended December 31, 2014. The net operating cash outflow for the year ended December 31, 2015 reflects our net loss of $84.9 million and non-cash adjustments of $94.6 million, which mainly consisted of depreciation and amortization, provision for severance benefits, a loss on foreign currency translation and an increase in net operating assets of $19.7 million.
Our working capital balance as of December 31, 2015 was $93.7 million compared to $106.8 million as of December 31, 2014. The $13.0 million decrease was primarily attributable to a $11.6 million decrease in cash and cash equivalents, a $17.7 million decrease in inventories, a $9.5 million decrease in accounts receivable and a $10.1 million increase in deferred revenue. These factors were partially offset by a $21.3 million increase in other receivables, a $15.3 million decrease in accounts payable and a $4.3 million decrease in accrued expenses.
The decrease in inventories is primarily due to our efforts to better manage inventory levels. The decrease in accounts receivable is primarily due to timing of cash collection and the upfront payments received from certain customers for the sale of products prior to risk of loss being transferred based on the terms of the arrangement, and the increase in deferred revenue is mainly attributable to such upfront payments.
The increase in other receivables is mainly attributable to proceeds from insurance payments in the amount of $2.4 million and proceeds of $29.6 million from insurers. The decrease in accounts payable is primarily due to timing of payment for material purchases and the decrease in accrued expenses is primarily attributable to a write-off of withholding tax accrual resulting from a partial release of unpaid interest on intercompany loans granted to the Korean subsidiary by the Dutch subsidiary. This decrease in accrued expenses is partially offset by the increase in settlement payments of $23.5 million related to the Class Action Litigation.
Cash flow used in investing activities totaled $3.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $16.7 million of cash used in investing activities in the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in capital expenditures of $11.3 million, partially offset by a $6.3 million net increase in hedge collateral.
Cash inflows generated by financing activities totaled $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $0.1 million of cash outflow used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014. The financing cash inflow for the year ended December 31, 2015 consisted of proceeds received from the issuance of common stock in connection with exercised options.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, capital expenditures were $7.1 million, a $11.3 million, or 61.4%, decrease from $18.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, due to acquisition of a specialized Epi tool and maintenance of our fab that occurred for the year ended December 31, 2014.
Year ended December 31, 2014 compared to year ended December 31, 2013
As of December 31, 2014, our cash and cash equivalents balance was $102.4 million, a $51.2 million decrease, compared to $153.6 million as of December 31, 2013. The decrease resulted from $37.5 million of cash outflow used in operating activities and $16.7 million of cash outflow used in investing activities, which was partially offset by $0.1 million of cash inflow provided by financing activities.
Cash outflow used in operating activities totaled $37.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to $68.8 million of cash inflow provided by operating activities in the year ended December 31, 2013. The net operating cash outflow for the year ended December 31, 2014 reflects our net loss of $117.2 million and non-cash adjustments of $97.0 million, which mainly consisted of depreciation and amortization, provision for severance benefits, a loss on foreign currency translation and an increase in net operating assets of $17.2 million.
Our working capital balance as of December 31, 2014 was $106.8 million compared to $172.1 million as of December 31, 2013. The $65.3 million decrease was primarily attributable to a $51.2 million decrease in cash
 
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and cash equivalents and a $15.6 million increase in accrued expenses, primarily as a result of accrual of outside service fees related to the Audit Committee’s independent investigation and related Restatement and litigation.
Cash flow used in investing activities totaled $16.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to $44.1 million of cash used in investing activities in the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in capital expenditures of $24.7 million.
Cash inflows generated by financing activities totaled $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to $50.1 million of cash outflow used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2013. The financing cash outflow for the year ended December 31, 2013 mainly consisted of the repayment of $229.3 million of our 2018 Notes and the repurchase of $51.0 million of our outstanding common stock, which were offset by $11.4 million of proceed received from the issuance of common stock in connection with option and warrant exercises and the net proceeds of $218.8 million from the issuance of our 2021 Notes. We repurchased 2,614,748 shares of common stock at a cost of $51.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. In March 2014, our Board of Directors suspended the stock repurchase program indefinitely, and the stock repurchase program expired by its terms on December 15, 2014. Subsequent to December 31, 2013, we did not repurchase any shares under the stock repurchase program.
For the year ended December 31, 2014, capital expenditures were $18.4 million, a $24.7 million, or 57.4%, decrease from $43.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2013, due to reduced need for capital spending on technology upgrades as a result of the high level of spending in prior years.
Contractual Obligations
The following summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2015:

 	 	Payments Due by Period	 	
 	 	Total	 	 	2016	 	 	2017	 	 	2018	 	 	2019	 	 	2020	 	  	Thereafter	 	
 	 	(In millions)	 	
Senior notes(1)	 	$	314.4	  	 	$	14.9	  	 	$	14.9	  	 	$	14.9	  	 	$	14.9	  	 	$	14.9	  	  	$	239.9	  	
Operating lease(2)	 	 	43.3	  	 	 	5.8	  	 	 	5.0	  	 	 	2.7	  	 	 	1.9	  	 	 	1.9	  	  	 	26.1	  	
Others(3)	 	 	15.3	  	 	 	5.2	  	 	 	6.1	  	 	 	4.0	  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	
 
(1)	Interest payments as well as $225.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2021 Notes outstanding as of December 31, 2015, which bear interest at a rate of 6.625% per annum and are scheduled to mature in 2021.	
(2)	Assumes constant currency exchange rate for Korean won to U.S. dollars of 1,172.0:1, the exchange rate as of December 31, 2015	
(3)	Includes license agreements and other contractual obligations.	
The Indenture relating to the 2021 Notes contains covenants that limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to: (i) declare or pay any dividend or make any payment or distribution on account of or purchase or redeem our capital stock or equity interests of the restricted subsidiaries; (ii) make any principal payment on, or redeem or repurchase, prior to any scheduled repayment or maturity, any subordinated indebtedness; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) incur additional indebtedness and issue certain types of capital stock; (v) create or incur any lien (except for permitted liens) that secures obligations under any indebtedness; (vi) merge with or into or sell all or substantially all of our assets to other companies; (vii) enter into certain types of transactions with affiliates; (viii) guarantee the payment of any indebtedness; (ix) enter into sale-leaseback transactions; (x) enter into agreements that would restrict the ability of the restricted subsidiaries to make distributions with respect to their equity to us or other restricted subsidiaries, to make loans to us or other restricted subsidiaries or to transfer assets to us or other restricted subsidiaries; and (xi) designate unrestricted subsidiaries.
These covenants are subject to a number of exceptions and qualifications. Certain of these restrictive covenants will terminate if the notes are rated investment grade at any time.
We lease land, office space and equipment under various operating lease agreements that expire through 2034.
 
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We follow ASC guidance on uncertain tax positions. Our unrecognized tax benefits totaled $2.1 million as of December 31, 2015. These unrecognized tax benefits have been excluded from the above table because we cannot estimate the period of cash settlement with the respective taxing authorities.
Although we are obligated to pay severance benefits to eligible employees with one or more years of service upon the termination of their employment based on their length of service and rate pay, we have no obligation to fund the accrued severance benefits. Our accrued severance benefits totaled $134.1 million as of December 31, 2015. Our obligations in connection with severance benefits have been excluded from the above table because we are unable to reasonably estimate the rate of termination and related cash payments for future period.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Preparing financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods and the related disclosures in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.
We believe that our significant accounting policies, which are described in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1. Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies” included elsewhere in this Report, are critical due to the fact that they involve a high degree of judgment and estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. We base these estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions and other assumptions and information that we believe to be reasonable. Estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty. Accordingly, these estimates may change as new events occur, as more experience is acquired, as additional information is obtained and as the business environment in which we operate changes.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, delivery has occurred and collectability of the sales price is reasonably assured. Revenue from the sale of products is recognized when title and risk of loss transfers to the customer, which is generally when the product is shipped to or accepted by the customer depending on the terms of the arrangement.
A portion of our sales are made through distributors for which revenue recognition criteria are usually met when the product is shipped to or accepted by the distributor, consistent with the principles described above. However, the risk of loss may not pass upon shipment of products to the distributor due to a variety of reasons, including the nature of the business arrangement with the distributor. For example, the financial condition of a distributor may indicate that payments by the distributor to us are contingent on resale of products to an end customer. In this situation, we defer recognition of revenue and cost of revenue on transactions with such distributor until the product has been resold to the end customer.
In accordance with revenue recognition guidance, any tax assessed by a governmental authority that is directly imposed on a revenue-producing transaction between a seller and a customer is presented in the statements of operations on a net basis (excluded from revenues).
We provide a warranty, under which customers can return defective products. We estimate the costs related to those defective product returns and record them as a component of cost of sales.
In addition, we offer sales returns (other than those that relate to defective products under warranty), yield provisions, cash discounts for early payments and certain allowances to our customers, including distributors. We record reserves for those returns, discounts and allowances as a deduction from sales, based on historical experience and other quantitative and qualitative factors.
 
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All amounts billed to a customer related to shipping and handling are classified as sales while all costs incurred by us for shipping and handling are classified as selling, general and administrative expenses.
Sales of Accounts Receivable
We account for transfers of financial assets under ASC 860, “Transfers and Servicing,” as either sales or financings. Transfers of financial assets that result in sales accounting are those in which (1) the transfer legally isolates the transferred assets from the transferor, (2) the transferee has the right to pledge or exchange the transferred assets and no condition both constrains the transferee’s right to pledge or exchange the assets and provides more than a trivial benefit to the transferor and (3) the transferor does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets. If the transfer does not meet these criteria, the transfer is accounted for as a financing. Financial assets that are treated as sales are removed from our accounts with any realized gain or loss reflected in earnings during the period of sale.
Product Warranties
We record, in other current liabilities, warranty liabilities for the estimated costs that may be incurred under our basic limited warranty. The standard limited warranty period is one year for the majority of products. This warranty covers defective products, and related liabilities are accrued when product revenues are recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liability include historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and repair or replacement costs per claim to satisfy our warranty obligation. As these factors are impacted by actual experience and future expectations, we periodically assess the adequacy of our recorded warranty liabilities and adjust the amounts when necessary.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, using the average cost method, which approximates the first in, first out method (“FIFO”). If net realizable value is less than cost at the balance sheet date, the carrying amount is reduced to the realizable value, and the difference is recognized as a loss on valuation of inventories within cost of sales. Inventory reserves are established when conditions indicate that the net realizable value is less than costs due to physical deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price levels, or other causes based on individual facts and circumstances. Reserves are also established for excess inventory based on inventory levels in excess of six months of projected demand for each specific product.
In addition, as prescribed in ASC 330, “Inventory,” the cost of inventories is determined based on the normal capacity of each fabrication facility. In case the capacity utilization is lower than a certain level that management believes to be normal, the fixed overhead costs per production unit which exceed those under normal capacity are charged to cost of sales rather than capitalized as inventories.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
We review property, plant and equipment and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable in accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment”. Recoverability is measured by comparing its carrying amount with the future net undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the assets and the fair value of assets using the present value of the future net cash flows generated by the respective long-lived assets.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets other than intellectual property include technology and customer relationships which are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from one to five years. Intellectual property assets
 
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acquired represent rights under patents, trademarks and property use rights and are amortized over their respective periods of benefit, ranging up to ten years, on a straight-line basis.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in a company’s financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established when it is necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Income tax expense is the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.
We recognize and measure uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return utilizing a two-step process. In the first step, recognition, we determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The second step addresses measurement of a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not criteria. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that has a likelihood of greater than 50 percent of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Derivative Financial Instruments
We apply the provisions of ASC 815. This Statement requires the recognition of all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities measured at fair value.
Under the provisions of ASC 815, we may designate a derivative instrument as hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are attributable to a particular risk (a “cash flow hedge”) or hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability (a “fair value hedge”). Special accounting for qualifying hedges allows the effective portion of a derivative instrument’s gains and losses to offset related results on the hedged item in the consolidated statements of operations and requires that a company formally document, designate and assess the effectiveness of the transactions that receive hedge accounting treatment. Both at the inception of a hedge and on an ongoing basis, a hedge must be expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in cash flows or fair value attributable to the underlying risk being hedged. If we determine that a derivative instrument is no longer highly effective as a hedge, it discontinues hedge accounting prospectively and future changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in current earnings. We assess hedge effectiveness at the end of each quarter.
In accordance with ASC 815, changes in the fair value of derivative instruments that are cash flow hedges are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into earnings in the period in which the hedged item affects earnings. Ineffective portions of a derivative instrument’s change in fair value are immediately recognized in earnings. Derivative instruments that do not qualify, or cease to qualify, as hedges must be adjusted to fair value and the adjustments are recorded through net income (loss).
The cash flows from derivative instruments receiving hedge accounting treatment are classified in the same categories as the hedged items in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17. ASU 2015-17 requires an entity to classify all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent. ASU 2015-17 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within those years and early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-17 to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statement.
 
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In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11. ASU 2015-11 requires that inventory will be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value, and options that currently exist for market value will be eliminated. Net realizable value is defined as the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. No other changes were made to the current guidance on inventory measurement. ASU 2015-11 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2015-11 on our consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03. ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs are presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of debt liability, consistent with debt discounts or premiums. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs would not be affected. ASU 2015-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within that reporting period. As of December 31, 2015, we had $3.8 million of unamortized debt issuance costs included in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheet, which will be reclassified as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related long-term borrowing upon adoption of ASU 2015-03.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, which provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going-concern uncertainties in the financial statements. ASU 2014-15 requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued. An entity will be required to provide certain disclosures if conditions of events raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-15 on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09. ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in “Revenue Recognition (Topic 605)”, and requires entities to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 (the “Original Effective Date”), including interim periods within that reporting period, and can be adopted either retrospectively to each prior period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption, with early application permitted as of the Original Effective Date. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14 “Deferral of the Effective Date,” which defers the required adoption date of ASU 2014-09 by one year. As a result of the deferred effective date, ASU 2014-09 will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted but not before the original effective date as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. We have not yet selected a transition method and are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-09 on our consolidated financial statements.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are exposed to the market risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market conditions, primarily from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. In the normal course of our business, we are subject to market risks associated with interest rate movements and currency movements on our assets and liabilities.
Foreign Currency Exposures
We have exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on net income from our subsidiaries denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars, as our foreign subsidiaries in Korea, Taiwan, China, Japan and Hong Kong use local currency as their functional currency. From time to time these subsidiaries have cash and financial instruments in local currency. The amounts held in Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and China are not
 
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material in regards to foreign currency movements. However, based on the cash and financial instruments balance at December 31, 2015 for our Korean subsidiary, a 10% devaluation of the Korean won against the U.S. dollar would have resulted in a decrease of $1.9 million in our U.S. dollar financial instruments and cash balances.
See “Note 8. Derivative Financial Instruments” to our consolidated financial statements under “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates on Reported Results of Operations” for additional information regarding our foreign exchange hedging activities.
Interest Rate Exposures
As of December 31, 2015, $225.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 2021 Notes were outstanding. Interest on the 2021 Notes accrues at a fixed rate of 6.625% per annum and is paid semi-annually every January 15 and July 15 of each year until the 2021 Notes mature on July 15, 2021. Since the interest rate is fixed, we have no market risk related to the 2021 Notes.
 
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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	 	 	78	  	
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014	 	 	80	  	
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December  31, 2015, 2014 and 2013	 	 	81	  	
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/ (Loss) for the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013	 	 	82	  	
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013	 	 	83	  	
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December  31, 2015, 2014 and 2013	 	 	84	  	
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	 	 	85	  	
 
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) at December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company did not maintain, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in  Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013)  issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) because material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting related to (1) not operating effective period end closing and financial reporting controls over the completeness and accuracy of non-routine manual journal entries; and (2) not operating effective control over the completeness and accuracy of the Company’s income tax accounting and disclosures existed as of that date. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The material weaknesses referred to above are described in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting under Item 9A. We considered these material weaknesses in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the December 31, 2015 consolidated financial statements, and our opinion regarding the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting does not affect our opinion on those consolidated financial statements. The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in management’s report referred to above. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers
Seoul, Korea
February 22, 2016
 
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MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 	  	December 31,	 	
 	  	        2015        	 	 	        2014        	 	
 	  	(In thousands of US dollars,
except share data)	 	
Assets	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current assets	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	  	$	90,882	  	 	$	102,434	  	
Accounts receivable, net	  	 	63,498	  	 	 	72,957	  	
Inventories, net	  	 	57,619	  	 	 	75,334	  	
Other receivables (Note 18)	  	 	31,932	  	 	 	10,616	  	
Prepaid expenses	  	 	7,075	  	 	 	7,560	  	
Current deferred income tax assets	  	 	34	  	 	 	237	  	
Hedge collateral (Note 8)	  	 	6,000	  	 	 	—  	 	
Other current assets	  	 	3,194	  	 	 	6,898	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total current assets	  	 	260,234	  	 	 	276,036	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Property, plant and equipment, net	  	 	191,985	  	 	 	223,766	  	
Intangible assets, net	  	 	2,629	  	 	 	2,451	  	
Long-term prepaid expenses	  	 	12,117	  	 	 	10,916	  	
Deferred income tax assets	  	 	238	  	 	 	415	  	
Other non-current assets	  	 	10,678	  	 	 	14,147	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total assets	  	$	477,881	  	 	$	527,731	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current liabilities	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Accounts payable	  	$	55,476	  	 	$	70,767	  	
Other accounts payable	  	 	10,961	  	 	 	10,986	  	
Accrued expenses	  	 	76,721	  	 	 	81,060	  	
Deferred revenue	  	 	10,060	  	 	 	1,990	  	
Deposits received	  	 	8,165	  	 	 	—  	 	
Other current liabilities	  	 	5,128	  	 	 	4,470	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total current liabilities	  	 	166,511	  	 	 	169,273	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Long-term borrowings, net	  	 	224,156	  	 	 	224,035	  	
Accrued severance benefits, net	  	 	134,148	  	 	 	139,289	  	
Other non-current liabilities	  	 	15,396	  	 	 	13,636	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total liabilities	  	 	540,211	  	 	 	546,233	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Stockholders’ equity	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, 41,147,707 shares issued and 34,568,942 outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 40,635,233 shares issued and 34,056,468 outstanding at December 31, 2014	  	 	411	  	 	 	406	  	
Additional paid-in capital	  	 	124,618	  	 	 	118,419	  	
Accumulated deficit	  	 	(96,210	) 	 	 	(11,343	) 	
Treasury stock, 6,578,765 shares at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively	  	 	(90,918	) 	 	 	(90,918	) 	
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	  	 	(231	) 	 	 	(35,066	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)	  	 	(62,330	) 	 	 	(18,502	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	  	$	477,881	  	 	$	527,731	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
 
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MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2013	 	
 	  	(In thousands of US dollars, except share data)	 	
Net sales	  	$	633,712	  	 	$	698,218	  	 	$	734,177	  	
Cost of sales	  	 	498,848	  	 	 	545,356	  	 	 	579,109	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gross profit	  	 	134,864	  	 	 	152,862	  	 	 	155,068	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating expenses	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	94,378	  	 	 	126,954	  	 	 	85,767	  	
Research and development expenses	  	 	83,420	  	 	 	92,765	  	 	 	87,862	  	
Restructuring and impairment charges	  	 	—  	 	 	 	10,269	  	 	 	8,207	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating expenses	  	 	177,798	  	 	 	229,988	  	 	 	181,836	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating loss	  	 	(42,934	) 	 	 	(77,126	) 	 	 	(26,768	) 	
Interest expense	  	 	(16,268	) 	 	 	(16,833	) 	 	 	(21,096	) 	
Foreign currency gain (loss), net	  	 	(42,531	) 	 	 	(24,650	) 	 	 	16,837	  	
Loss on early extinguishment of senior notes	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(32,812	) 	
Other income, net	  	 	1,779	  	 	 	2,900	  	 	 	3,606	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Loss before income tax expenses	  	 	(99,954	) 	 	 	(115,709	) 	 	 	(60,233	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income tax expenses (benefits)	  	 	(15,087	) 	 	 	1,523	  	 	 	3,970	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net loss	  	$	(84,867	) 	 	$	(117,232	) 	 	$	(64,203	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Loss per common share—	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic/ Diluted	  	$	(2.47	) 	 	$	(3.44	) 	 	$	(1.82	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Weighted average number of shares—	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic/ Diluted	  	 	34,380,517	  	 	 	34,055,513	  	 	 	35,232,194	  	
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
 
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MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME / (LOSS)

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2013	 	
 	  	(In thousands of US dollars)	 	
Net loss	  	$	(84,867	) 	 	$	(117,232	) 	 	$	(64,203	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss)	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foreign currency translation adjustments	  	 	35,361	  	 	 	21,775	  	 	 	(13,727	) 	
Derivative adjustments	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Fair valuation of derivatives	  	 	(3,748	) 	 	 	(69	) 	 	 	7,497	  	
Reclassification adjustment for loss (gain) on derivatives included in net loss	  	 	3,222	  	 	 	(6,033	) 	 	 	(2,984	) 	
Investment adjustments	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unrealized gain on investments	  	 	—  	 	 	 	1,201	  	 	 	606	  	
Reclassification adjustment for gain on investments included in net loss	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(1,882	) 	 	 	—  	 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	  	 	34,835	  	 	 	14,992	  	 	 	(8,608	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total comprehensive loss	  	$	(50,032	) 	 	$	(102,240	) 	 	$	(72,811	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
 
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MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 	 	Common Stock	 	 	Additional
Paid-In
Capital	 	 	Retained
Earnings
(Deficit)	 	 	Treasury
Stock	 	 	Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss	 	 	Total	 	 	
(In thousands of US dollars, except share data)	 	Shares	 	 	Amount	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at January 1, 2013	 	 	35,635,357	  	 	$	396	  	 	$	102,409	  	 	$	170,092	  	 	$	(39,918	) 	 	$	(41,450	) 	 	$	191,529	  	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Stock-based compensation	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2,213	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2,213	  	 	 	 	
Exercise of stock options	 	 	579,476	  	 	 	6	  	 	 	4,540	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	4,546	  	 	 	 	
Exercise of warrants	 	 	448,281	  	 	 	4	  	 	 	7,060	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	7,064	  	 	 	 	
Acquisition of treasury stock	 	 	(2,614,748	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(51,000	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(51,000	) 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive loss, net	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(8,608	) 	 	 	(8,608	) 	 	 	 	
Net loss	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(64,203	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(64,203	) 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at December 31, 2013	 	 	34,048,366	  	 	$	406	  	 	$	116,222	  	 	$	105,889	  	 	$	(90,918	) 	 	$	(50,058	) 	 	$	81,541	  	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Stock-based compensation	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2,072	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2,072	  	 	 	 	
Exercise of stock options	 	 	6,795	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	106	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	106	  	 	 	 	
Exercise of warrants	 	 	1,307	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	19	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	19	  	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income, net	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	14,992	  	 	 	14,992	  	 	 	 	
Net loss	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(117,232	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(117,232	) 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at December 31, 2014	 	 	34,056,468	  	 	$	406	  	 	$	118,419	  	 	$	(11,343	) 	 	$	(90,918	) 	 	$	(35,066	) 	 	$	(18,502	) 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Stock-based compensation	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2,768	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2,768	  	 	 	 	
Exercise of stock options	 	 	512,474	  	 	 	5	 	 	 	3,431	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	3,436	  	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income, net	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	34,835	  	 	 	34,835	  	 	 	 	
Net loss	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(84,867	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(84,867	) 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at December 31, 2015	 	 	34,568,942	  	 	$	411	  	 	$	124,618	  	 	$	(96,210	) 	 	$	(90,918	) 	 	$	(231	) 	 	$	(62,330	) 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
 
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MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2013	 	
 	  	(In thousands of US dollars)	 	
Cash flows from operating activities	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net loss	  	$	(84,867	) 	 	$	(117,232	) 	 	$	(64,203	) 	
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Depreciation and amortization	  	 	26,490	  	 	 	29,989	  	 	 	32,726	  	
Provision for severance benefits	  	 	15,289	  	 	 	17,703	  	 	 	23,169	  	
Bad debt expenses (reversal of allowance)	  	 	(3	) 	 	 	3,718	  	 	 	(85	) 	
Amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount	  	 	660	  	 	 	614	  	 	 	890	  	
Loss (gain) on foreign currency, net	  	 	46,984	  	 	 	32,760	  	 	 	(18,329	) 	
Gain on disposal of investments	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(1,524	) 	 	 	—  	  	
Impairment charges	  	 	—  	  	 	 	10,269	  	 	 	6,378	  	
Stock-based compensation	  	 	2,768	  	 	 	2,072	  	 	 	2,213	  	
Loss on early extinguishment of senior notes	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	32,812	  	
Other	  	 	2,437	  	 	 	1,375	  	 	 	1,479	  	
Changes in operating assets and liabilities	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Accounts receivable, net	  	 	3,299	  	 	 	(1,668	) 	 	 	26,756	  	
Inventories, net	  	 	12,929	  	 	 	(3,380	) 	 	 	9,593	  	
Other receivables	  	 	(21,463	) 	 	 	(5,052	) 	 	 	(3,964	) 	
Other current assets	  	 	11,339	  	 	 	9,308	  	 	 	11,026	  	
Deferred tax assets	  	 	372	  	 	 	1,458	  	 	 	1,470	  	
Accounts payable	  	 	(12,605	) 	 	 	(1,526	) 	 	 	(3,111	) 	
Other accounts payable	  	 	(10,892	) 	 	 	(13,046	) 	 	 	(10,376	) 	
Accrued expenses	  	 	(1,679	) 	 	 	208	  	 	 	20,974	  	
Deferred revenue	  	 	8,136	  	 	 	(825	) 	 	 	2,810	  	
Other current liabilities	  	 	(1,210	) 	 	 	2,004	  	 	 	(3,197	) 	
Other non-current liabilities	  	 	3,105	  	 	 	1,963	  	 	 	6,073	  	
Payment of severance benefits	  	 	(11,394	) 	 	 	(6,650	) 	 	 	(6,130	) 	
Other	  	 	328	  	 	 	(7	) 	 	 	(219	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	  	 	(9,977	) 	 	 	(37,469	) 	 	 	68,755	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash flows from investing activities	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Proceeds from settlement of hedge collateral	  	 	10,841	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	
Payment of hedge collateral	  	 	(17,182	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	
Proceeds from disposal of plant, property and equipment	  	 	9,886	  	 	 	20	  	 	 	94	  	
Proceeds from disposal of investments	  	 	—  	  	 	 	2,003	  	 	 	—  	  	
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	  	 	(6,350	) 	 	 	(17,419	) 	 	 	(42,483	) 	
Payment for intellectual property registration	  	 	(742	) 	 	 	(958	) 	 	 	(605	) 	
Collection of guarantee deposits	  	 	636	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	
Payment of guarantee deposits	  	 	(675	) 	 	 	(323	) 	 	 	(1,365	) 	
Other	  	 	195	  	 	 	(21	) 	 	 	256	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash used in investing activities	  	 	(3,391	) 	 	 	(16,698	) 	 	 	(44,103	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash flows from financing activities	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	  	 	3,436	  	 	 	68	  	 	 	11,375	  	
Proceeds from issuance of senior notes	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	218,836	  	
Repayment of long-term borrowings	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(229,333	) 	
Acquisition of treasury stock	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(51,000	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	  	 	3,436	  	 	 	68	  	 	 	(50,122	) 	
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	  	 	(1,620	) 	 	 	2,927	  	 	 	(3,162	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	  	 	(11,552	) 	 	 	(51,172	) 	 	 	(28,632	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Beginning of the period	  	 	102,434	  	 	 	153,606	  	 	 	182,238	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
End of the period	  	$	90,882	  	 	$	102,434	  	 	$	153,606	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Supplemental cash flow information	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash paid for interest	  	$	15,181	  	 	$	14,817	  	 	$	16,223	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash paid (refunded) for income taxes	  	$	(5,276	) 	 	$	875	  	 	$	6,267	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Non-cash investing and financing activities	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Property, plant and equipment additions in other accounts payable	  	$	3,348	  	 	$	688	  	 	$	116	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
 
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1. Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Business
MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) is a Korea-based designer and manufacturer of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products for consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and Internet of Things (“IoT”) applications. The Company provides technology platforms for analog, mixed signal, power, high voltage, non-volatile memory and Radio Frequency (“RF”) applications. The Company’s business is comprised of two operating segments: Foundry Services Group and Standard Products Group. The Company’s Foundry Services Group provides specialty analog and mixed-signal foundry services mainly for fabless and Integrated Device Manufacturer (“IDM”) semiconductor companies that primarily serve the consumer, computing, communication, industrial, automotive and IoT applications. The Company’s Standard Products Group is comprised of two business lines: Display Solutions and Power Solutions. The Company’s Display Solutions products provide flat panel display solutions to major suppliers of large and small flat panel displays and include sensor products for mobile applications, and industrial applications and home appliances. The Company’s Power Solutions products include discrete and integrated circuit solutions for power management in consumer, communication and industrial applications.
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).
Significant accounting policies followed by the Company in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements are summarized below.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company including its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable, inventories, stock based compensation, property plant and equipment, intangible assets, other long-lived assets, long-term employee benefits, contingencies liabilities, estimated future cash flows and other assumptions used in long-lived asset impairment tests and calculation of income taxes and deferred tax valuation allowances, and assumptions used in the calculation of sales incentives, among others. Although these estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions that the Company may undertake in the future, actual results may be significantly different from the estimates. Changes in those estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the financial statements in future periods.
Foreign Currency Translation
The Company has assessed in accordance with ASC 830, “Foreign Currency Matters” (“ASC 830”), the functional currency of each of its subsidiaries in Luxembourg and the Netherlands and has designated the
 
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U.S. dollar to be their respective functional currencies. The Korean Won is the functional currency for the Company’s Korean subsidiary, which is the primary operating subsidiary of the Company. The Company and its other subsidiaries are utilizing their local currencies as their functional currencies. The financial statements of the subsidiaries in functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated into the U.S. dollar in accordance with ASC 830. All the assets and liabilities are translated to the U.S. dollar at the end-of-period exchange rates. Capital accounts are determined to be of a permanent nature and are therefore translated using historical exchange rates. Revenues and expenses are translated using average exchange rates for the respective periods. Foreign currency translation adjustments arising from differences in exchange rates from period to period are included in the foreign currency translation adjustment account in accumulated comprehensive income (loss) of stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses due to transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are included as a component of other income (expense) in the statement of operations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity date of three months or less when purchased.
Accounts Receivable Reserves
An allowance for doubtful accounts is provided based on the aggregate estimated uncollectability of the Company’s accounts receivable. The Company also records an estimate for sales returns, included within accounts receivable, net, based on the historical experience of the amount of goods that will be returned and refunded or replaced. In addition, the Company also includes in accounts receivable, an allowance for additional products that may have to be provided, free of charge, to compensate customers for products that do not meet previously agreed yield criteria, the low yield compensation reserve.
Sales of Accounts Receivable
The Company accounts for transfers of financial assets under ASC 860, “Transfers and Servicing,” as either sales or financings. Transfers of financial assets that result in sales accounting are those in which (1) the transfer legally isolates the transferred assets from the transferor, (2) the transferee has the right to pledge or exchange the transferred assets and no condition both constraints the transferee’s right to pledge or exchange the assets and provides more than a trivial benefit to the transferor, and (3) the transferor does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets. If the transfer does not meet these criteria, the transfer is accounted for as a financing. Financial assets that are treated as sales are removed from the Company’s accounts with any realized gain or loss reflected in earning during the period of sale.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, using the average cost method, which approximates the first in, first out method (“FIFO”). If net realizable value is less than cost at the balance sheet date, the carrying amount is reduced to the realizable value, and the difference is recognized as a loss on valuation of inventories within cost of sales. Inventory reserves are established when conditions indicate that the net realizable value is less than costs due to physical deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price levels, or other causes based on individual facts and circumstances. Reserves are also established for excess inventory based on inventory levels in excess of six months of projected demand for each specific product.
 
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In addition, as prescribed in ASC 330, “Inventory,” the cost of inventories is determined based on the normal capacity of each fabrication facility. In case the capacity utilization is lower than a certain level that management believes to be normal, the fixed overhead costs per production unit which exceeds those under normal capacity are charged to cost of sales rather than capitalized as inventories.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as set forth below.

Buildings	  	 	30 - 40 years	  	
Building related structures	  	 	10 - 20 years	  	
Machinery and equipment	  	 	10 - 12 years	  	
Vehicles and others	  	 	3 - 10 years  	  	
Routine maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures that enhance the value or significantly extend the useful lives of the related assets are capitalized.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews property, plant and equipment and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable in accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment”. Recoverability is measured by comparing its carrying amount with the future net undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the assets and the fair value of assets using the present value of the future net cash flows generated by the respective long-lived assets.
Restructuring Charges
The Company recognizes restructuring charges in accordance with ASC 420, “Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations”. Certain costs and expenses related to exit or disposal activities are recorded as restructuring charges when liabilities for those costs and expenses are incurred.
Lease Transactions
The Company accounts for lease transactions as either operating leases or capital leases, depending on the terms of the underlying lease agreements. Machinery and equipment acquired under capital lease agreements are recorded at the lower of the present value of future minimum lease payments and estimated fair value of leased property and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. In addition, the aggregate lease payments are recorded as capital lease obligations, net of unaccrued interest. Interest is amortized over the lease period using the effective interest rate method. Leases that do not qualify as capital leases are classified as operating leases, and the related rental payments are expensed on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the leased property and the lease term.
Software
The Company capitalizes certain external costs that are incurred to purchase and implement internal-use computer software. Direct costs relating to the development of software for internal use are capitalized after technological feasibility has been established, in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other”. Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over the software’s estimated useful life, which is usually five years.
 
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Intangible Assets
Intangible assets other than intellectual property include technology and customer relationships which are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from one to five years. Intellectual property assets acquired represent rights under patents, trademarks and property use rights and are amortized over their respective periods of benefit, ranging up to ten years, on a straight-line basis.
Fair Value Disclosures of Financial Instruments
The Company follows ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”) for measurement and disclosures about fair value of its financial instruments. ASC 820 establishes a framework for measuring fair value in US GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. To increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures, ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three levels of fair value hierarchy defined by ASC 820 are:
Level 1—Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.
Level 2—Inputs (other than quoted market prices included in Level 1) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
Level 3—Inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model. Valuation of instruments includes unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities.
As defined by ASC 820, the fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale, which was further clarified as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (“an exit price”) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other receivables, accounts payable and other accounts payable approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.
Accrued Severance Benefits
The majority of accrued severance benefits is for employees in the Company’s Korean subsidiary, MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd. Pursuant to the Employee Retirement Benefit Security Act of Korea, eligible employees and executive officers with one or more years of service are entitled to severance benefits upon the termination of their employment based on their length of service and rate of pay. As of December 31, 2015, 98% of all employees of the Company were eligible for severance benefits.
Accrued severance benefits are funded through a group severance insurance plan. The amounts funded under this insurance plan are classified as a reduction of the accrued severance benefits. Subsequent accruals are to be funded at the discretion of the Company.
 
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In accordance with the National Pension Act of the Republic of Korea, a certain portion of accrued severance benefits is deposited with the National Pension Fund and deducted from the accrued severance benefits. The contributed amount is paid to employees from the National Pension Fund upon their retirement.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, delivery has occurred and collectability of the sales price is reasonably assured. Revenue from the sale of products is recognized when title and risk of loss transfers to the customer, which is generally when the product is shipped to or accepted by the customer depending on the terms of the arrangement.
A portion of the Company’s sales are made through distributors for which revenue recognition criteria are usually met when the product is shipped to or accepted by the distributors, consistent with the principles described above. However, the risk of loss may not pass upon shipment of products to the distributor due to a variety of reasons, including the nature of the business arrangement with the distributor. For example, the financial condition of a distributor may indicate that payments by the distributor to the Company are contingent on resale of products to an end customer. In this situation, the Company defers recognition of revenue and cost of revenue on transactions with such distributor until the product has been resold to the end customer.
The Company recorded deferred revenue in the amount of $10,060 thousand as of December 31, 2015 and $1,990 thousand as of December 31, 2014 as the Company received cash from certain customers and distributors for the sale of products prior to risk of loss being transferred based on the terms of the arrangement.
In accordance with revenue recognition guidance, any tax assessed by a governmental authority that is directly imposed on a revenue-producing transaction between a seller and a customer is presented in the statements of operations on a net basis (excluded from revenues).
The Company provides a warranty, under which customers can return defective products. The Company estimates the costs related to those defective product returns and records them as a component of cost of sales.
In addition, the Company offers sales returns (other than those that relate to defective products under warranty), yield provisions, cash discounts for early payments and certain allowances to its customers, including distributors. The Company records reserves for those returns, discounts and allowances as a deduction from sales, based on historical experience and other quantitative and qualitative factors.
All amounts billed to a customer related to shipping and handling are classified as sales while all costs incurred by the Company for shipping and handling are classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. The amounts charged to selling, general and administrative expenses were $2,394 thousand, $3,386 thousand, and $2,850 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company applies the provisions of ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). This Statement requires the recognition of all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities measured at fair value.
Under the provisions of ASC 815, the Company may designate a derivative instrument as hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are attributable to a particular risk (a “cash flow
 
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hedge”) or hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability (a “fair value hedge”). Special accounting for qualifying hedges allows the effective portion of a derivative instrument’s gains and losses to offset related results on the hedged item in the consolidated statements of operations and requires that a company formally document, designate and assess the effectiveness of the transactions that receive hedge accounting treatment. Both at the inception of a hedge and on an ongoing basis, a hedge must be expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in cash flows or fair value attributable to the underlying risk being hedged. If the Company determines that a derivative instrument is no longer highly effective as a hedge, it discontinues hedge accounting prospectively and future changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in current earnings. The Company assesses hedge effectiveness at the end of each quarter.
In accordance with ASC 815, changes in the fair value of derivative instruments that are cash flow hedges are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into earnings in the period in which the hedged item affects earnings. Ineffective portions of a derivative instrument’s change in fair value are immediately recognized in earnings. Derivative instruments that do not qualify, or cease to qualify, as hedges must be adjusted to fair value and the adjustments are recorded through net income (loss).
The cash flows from derivative instruments receiving hedge accounting treatment are classified in the same categories as the hedged items in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Advertising
The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expense was approximately $144 thousand, $155 thousand and $161 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Product Warranties
The Company records, in other current liabilities, warranty liabilities for the estimated costs that may be incurred under its basic limited warranty. The standard limited warranty period is one year for the majority of products. This warranty covers defective products, and related liabilities are accrued when product revenues are recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and repair or replacement costs per claim to satisfy the Company’s warranty obligation. As these factors are impacted by actual experience and future expectations, the Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts when necessary.
Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and include wafers, masks, employee expenses, contractor fees, building costs, utilities and administrative expenses.
Licensed Patents and Technologies
The Company has entered into a number of royalty agreements to license patents and technology used in the design of its products. The Company carries two types of royalties: lump-sum and running basis. Lump-sum royalties which require initial payments, usually paid in installments, represent a non-refundable commitment, such that the total present value of these payments is recorded as a prepaid expense and a liability upon execution of the agreements and the costs are amortized over the contract period using the straight-line method and charged to research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
Running royalties are paid based on the revenue of related products sold by the Company.
 
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Stock-Based Compensation
The Company follows the provisions of ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period. As permitted under ASC 718, the Company elected to recognize compensation expense for all options with graded vesting based on the graded attribution method.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to measure the grant-date-fair-value of options. The Black-Scholes model requires certain assumptions to determine an option’s fair value, including expected term, risk free interest, expected volatility and fair value of underlying common share. The expected term of each option grant was based on employees’ expected exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior and the risk free interest rate was based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve for the period corresponding with the expected term at the time of grant. The expected volatility was estimated using historical volatility of share prices of similar public entities. No dividends were assumed for this calculation of option value.
Earnings per Share
In accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share”, the Company computes basic earnings per share by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the dilution of potential common stock outstanding during the period. In determining the hypothetical shares repurchased, the Company uses the average share price for the period. In the case that earnings are negative, any potential common stock equivalents would have the effect of being anti-dilutive in the computation of net loss per share.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in a company’s financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established when it is necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Income tax expense is the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.
The Company recognizes and measures uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return utilizing a two-step process. In the first step, recognition, the Company determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The second step addresses measurement of a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not criteria. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that has a likelihood of greater than 50 percent of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral for customers on accounts receivable. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses, which are periodically reviewed.
 
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes” (“ASU 2015-17”). The amendments in ASU 2015-17 require an entity to classify all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent. ASU 2015-17 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within those years and early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-17 to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In July 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory” (“ASU 2015-11”). Under this ASU, inventory will be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value, and options that currently exist for market value will be eliminated. Net realizable value is defined as the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. No other changes were made to the current guidance on inventory measurement. ASU 2015-11 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-11 to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-03, “Interest—Imputation of Interest” (“ASU 2015-03”). ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs are presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of debt liability, consistent with debt discounts or premiums. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs would not be affected. ASU 2015-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within that reporting period. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had $3,781 thousand of unamortized debt issuance costs included in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheet, which will be reclassified as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related long-term borrowing upon adoption of ASU 2015-03.
In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern” (“ASU 2014-15”), which provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going-concern uncertainties in the financial statements. ASU 2014-15 requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued. An entity will be required to provide certain disclosures if conditions of events raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-15 on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in “Revenue Recognition (Topic 605)”, and requires entities to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 (the “Original Effective Date”), including interim periods within that reporting period, and can be adopted either retrospectively to each prior period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption, with early application permitted as of the Original Effective Date. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14 “Deferral of the Effective Date,” which defers the required adoption date of ASU 2014-09 by one year. As a result of the deferred effective date, ASU 2014-09 will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is
 
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permitted but not before the original effective date as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company has not yet selected a transition method and is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-09 on its consolidated financial statements.
2. Fair Value Measurements
ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure requirements about fair value measurements. ASC 820 requires, among other things, the Company’s valuation techniques used to measure fair value to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
As of December 31, 2015, the following table represents the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the basis for that measurement:

 	  	Carrying Value
December 31, 2015	 	  	Fair Value
Measurement
December 31, 2015	 	  	Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Asset (Level 1)	 	  	Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)	 	  	Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)	 	
Liabilities:	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Derivative liabilities (other current liabilities)	  	$	40	  	  	$	40	  	  	 	—	 	  	$	40	  	  	 	—	 	
As of December 31, 2014, the Company did not have any assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis other than cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other receivables, accounts payable, and other accounts payable, fair value of which approximate carrying values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The fair value of assets and liabilities whose carrying value approximates fair value is determined using Level 2 inputs, with the exception of cash (Level 1).
Fair Value of Long-term Borrowings

 	  	December 31, 2015	 	  	December 31, 2014	 	
 	  	Carrying
Value	 	  	Fair
Value	 	  	Carrying
Value	 	  	Fair
Value	 	
Long-term Borrowings:	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
6.625% senior notes due July 2021 (Level 2)	  	$	224,156	  	  	$	157,500	  	  	$	224,035	  	  	$	206,100	  	
The Company used net proceeds from the issuance of the Company’s 6.625% senior notes due July 15, 2021 (the “2021 Notes”) of $218.8 million, which represents $225.0 million of principal amount net of $1.1 million of original issue discount and $5.1 million of debt issuance costs, together with cash on hand, to repay all of the Company’s then outstanding 10.5% senior notes due April 15, 2018 (the “2018 Notes”), including applicable premium and accrued interest, and to pay related fees and expenses of the 2021 Notes offering. The Company estimates the fair value of the 2021 Notes using the market approach, which utilizes quoted market prices that fall under Level 2. For further description of the senior notes, see Note 10, “Long-term Borrowings”.
 
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(CONTINUED)
(TABULAR DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)

Fair Values Measured on a Non-recurring Basis
The Company’s non-financial assets, such as property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets are recorded at fair value upon acquisition and are remeasured at fair value only if an impairment charge is recognized. The Company uses unobservable inputs (Level 3) to the valuation methodologies that were significant to the fair value measurements, and the valuations required management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices. As of December 31, 2014, the Company recognized $10,269 thousand of impairment charges, which were incurred due to the planned closure of its six-inch fabrication facility. See Note 5, “Property, Plant and Equipment” for additional information.
3. Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 consisted of the following:

 	  	December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
Accounts receivable	  	$	60,892	  	  	$	74,850	  	
Notes receivable	  	 	4,803	  	  	 	257	  	
Less:	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Allowances for doubtful accounts	  	 	(236	) 	  	 	(263	) 	
Sales return reserves	  	 	(1,481	) 	  	 	(787	) 	
Low yield compensation reserve	  	 	(480	) 	  	 	(1,100	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Accounts receivable, net	  	$	63,498	  	  	$	72,957	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Changes in allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	    2015    	 	  	    2014    	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	(263	) 	  	$	(268	) 	
Bad debt expense	  	 	3	  	  	 	(3,718	) 	
Write off	  	 	—  	  	  	 	3,508	  	
Translation adjustments	  	 	24	  	  	 	215	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	(236	) 	  	$	(263	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Changes in sales return reserves for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	    2015    	 	  	    2014    	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	(787	) 	  	$	(1,205	) 	
Provisions	  	 	(1,586	) 	  	 	(3,224	) 	
Usage	  	 	851	  	  	 	3,598	  	
Translation adjustments	  	 	41	  	  	 	44	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	(1,481	) 	  	$	(787	) 	

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(CONTINUED)
(TABULAR DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
 
Changes in low yield compensation reserve for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	    2015    	 	  	    2014    	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	(1,100	) 	  	$	(1,951	) 	
Reversal (Provisions)	  	 	69	  	  	 	(766	) 	
Usage	  	 	512	  	  	 	1,563	  	
Translation adjustments	  	 	39	  	  	 	54	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	(480	) 	  	$	(1,100	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The Company has entered into an agreement to sell selected trade accounts receivable to a financial institution from time to time since March 2012. After the sale, the Company does not retain any interests in the receivables and the applicable financial institution collects these accounts receivable directly from the customer. The proceeds from the sales of these accounts receivable totaled $57,185 thousand and $22,256 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively and these sales resulted in pre-tax losses of $114 thousand and $64 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Net proceeds of these accounts receivable sale program are recognized in the consolidated statements of cash flows as part of operating cash flows.
The Company uses receivable discount programs with certain customers. While these discount arrangements allow the Company to accelerate collection of customers’ receivables, there can be no assurance that these programs will continue in the future.
4. Inventories
Inventories as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 consist of the following:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
Finished goods	  	 	18,427	  	  	 	40,404	  	
Semi-finished goods and work-in-process	  	 	47,131	  	  	 	68,153	  	
Raw materials	  	 	5,987	  	  	 	7,520	  	
Materials in-transit and other	  	 	2,107	  	  	 	6,745	  	
Less: inventory reserve	  	 	(16,033	) 	  	 	(47,488	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Inventories, net	  	$	57,619	  	  	$	75,334	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Changes in inventory reserve for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	(47,488	) 	  	$	(72,400	) 	
Change in reserve	  	 	297	  	  	 	(883	) 	
Write off	  	 	29,146	  	  	 	23,765	  	
Translation adjustments	  	 	2,012	  	  	 	2,030	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	(16,033	) 	  	$	(47,488	) 	

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(TABULAR DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)

Inventory reserve represents the Company’s best estimate in value lost due to excessive inventory level, physical deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price levels, or other causes based on individual facts and circumstances. Inventory reserve relates to inventory items including finished goods, semi-finished goods and work-in-process. Write off of this reserve is recognized only when the related inventory has been disposed or scrapped.
5. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are comprised of the following:

 	  	December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
Buildings and related structures	  	$	66,487	  	  	$	70,552	  	
Machinery and equipment	  	 	256,259	  	  	 	269,031	  	
Vehicles and others	  	 	27,075	  	  	 	24,812	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	  	 	349,821	  	  	 	364,395	  	
Less: accumulated depreciation	  	 	(172,546	) 	  	 	(157,341	) 	
Land	  	 	14,710	  	  	 	16,712	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Property, plant and equipment, net	  	$	191,985	  	  	$	223,766	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Aggregate depreciation expenses totaled $26,130 thousand and $28,475 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
During the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company recognized $10,269 thousand of impairment charges, which were incurred due to the planned closure of its six-inch fabrication facility. The impairment charges primarily resulted from $8,239 thousand of impairment to building, $1,763 thousand of impairment of machinery and equipment and $267 thousand of impairment of other tangible assets.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company recorded $ 8,165 thousand deposit for sale of machinery in conjunction with its planned closure of six-inch fabrication facility.
6. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are comprised of the following:

 	  	December 31, 2015	 	
 	  	Gross
amount	 	  	Accumulated
amortization	 	  	Net
amount	 	
Technology	  	$	18,460	  	  	$	(18,460	) 	  	$	—  	  	
Customer relationships	  	 	26,513	  	  	 	(26,513	) 	  	 	—  	  	
Intellectual property assets	  	 	8,357	  	  	 	(5,728	) 	  	 	2,629	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Intangible assets, net	  	$	53,330	  	  	$	(50,701	) 	  	$	2,629	  	

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 	  	December 31, 2014	 	
 	  	Gross
amount	 	  	Accumulated
amortization	 	  	Net
amount	 	
Technology	  	$	19,683	  	  	$	(19,683	) 	  	$	—  	  	
Customer relationships	  	 	28,269	  	  	 	(28,269	) 	  	 	—  	  	
Intellectual property assets	  	 	8,359	  	  	 	(5,908	) 	  	 	2,451	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Intangible assets, net	  	$	56,311	  	  	$	(53,860	) 	  	$	2,451	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Aggregate amortization expenses for intangible assets totaled $360 thousand and $1,514 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The aggregate amortization expense of intangible assets for the next five years are estimated to be $384 thousand, $384 thousand, $384 thousand, $383 thousand and $364 thousand, for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively.
7. Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are comprised of the following:

 	  	December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
Payroll, benefits and related taxes, excluding severance benefits	  	$	18,831	  	  	$	18,654	  	
Withholding tax attributable to intercompany interest income	  	 	13,130	  	  	 	27,497	  	
Interest on senior notes	  	 	6,831	  	  	 	7,040	  	
Settlement obligations	  	 	1,012	  	  	 	8,976	  	
Accrued claim settlement	  	 	23,500	  	  	 	—  	  	
Outside service fees	  	 	4,327	  	  	 	10,640	  	
Others	  	 	9,090	  	  	 	8,253	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Accrued expenses	  	$	76,721	  	  	$	81,060	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
On December 7, 2015, the Company’s Korean and Dutch subsidiaries agreed that the Dutch subsidiary waives and releases a partial amount of unpaid interest on its intercompany loans granted to the Korean subsidiary. In connection with the waiver of unpaid interest, the related withholding tax was written off, resulting in a release of accrual for withholding tax attributable to intercompany interest income of $17,195 thousand as of December 31, 2015.
Settlement obligations included in the table above relate to claims involving the Company’s products that may have caused a failure in a customer’s product. Although the Company does not agree with the claim, as its product met the customer’s specifications, the Company considered a number of factors and decided not to dispute the claim but make certain in-kind payments as demanded by the customer. These settlement obligations are accrued when they are deemed probable and can be reasonably estimated. As of December 31, 2015, the settlement obligation relating to one of the claims was fully released under the term of the agreement with the customer, resulting in reversal of a $3,661 thousand accrual.
Accrued claim settlement included in the table above relates to the Company’s securities class action complaints. On December 10, 2015, it was determined that the Company is obligated to make an aggregate settlement payment of $23,500 thousand, which includes all attorneys’ fees, costs of administration and plaintiffs’ out-of-pocket expenses, lead plaintiff compensatory awards and disbursements. For more information on the accrued claim settlement, see “Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies”.
 
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(CONTINUED)
(TABULAR DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)

8. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company’s Korean subsidiary from time to time has entered into zero cost collar contracts to hedge the risk of changes in the functional-currency-equivalent cash flows attributable to currency rate changes on U.S. dollar denominated revenues.
Details of derivative contracts as of December 31, 2015 are as follows:

Date of transaction	  	Type of derivative	 	  	Total notional amount	 	  	Month of settlement	
September 30, 2015	  	 	Zero cost collar	  	  	$	30,000	  	  	January to March 2016	
September 30, 2015	  	 	Zero cost collar	  	  	$	30,000	  	  	April to June 2016	
The zero cost collar contracts qualify as cash flow hedges under ASC 815, since at both the inception of the contracts and on an ongoing basis, the hedging relationship was and is expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedged risk during the term of the contracts. The Company is utilizing the “hypothetical derivative” method to measure the effectiveness by comparing the changes in value of the actual derivative versus the change in fair value of the “hypothetical derivative.”
The fair values of the Company’s outstanding zero cost collar contracts recorded as liabilities as of December 31, 2015 are as follows:

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:	  	 	 	  	December 31,	 	 	
 	  	 	 	  	  2015  	 	  	  2014  	 	 	
Liability Derivatives:	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	
Zero cost collars	  	 	Other current liabilities	  	  	$	40	  	  	$	—  	 	 	
Offsetting of derivative liabilities as of December 31, 2015 is as follows:

As of December 31, 2015	 	Gross amounts of
recognized
liabilities	 	 	Gross amounts
offset in the
balance sheets	 	 	Net amounts of
liabilities
presented in the
balance sheets	 	 	Gross amounts not offset
in the balance sheets	 	 	Net amount	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Financial
instruments	 	 	Cash collateral
received/pledged	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Liability Derivatives:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Zero cost collars	 	$	40	  	 	$	—  	 	 	$	40	  	 	$	—  	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	40	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative, representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, are recognized in current earnings.
 
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(CONTINUED)
(TABULAR DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
 
The following table summarizes the impact of derivative instruments on the consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014:

Derivatives in
ASC 815
Cash Flow
Hedging
Relationships	  	Amount of
Loss
Recognized in
AOCI on
Derivatives
(Effective Portion)	 	 	Location of
Gain (Loss)
Reclassified from
AOCI into
Statement of
Operations
(Effective Portion)	  	Amount of
Gain (Loss)
Reclassified from
AOCI into
Statement of
Operations
(Effective Portion)	 	  	Location of
Loss
Recognized in
Statement of
Operations on
Derivative
(Ineffective
Portion)	  	Amount of
Gain (Loss)
Recognized in
Statement of
Operations  on
Derivatives
(Ineffective Portion)	 	
 	  	    2015    	 	 	    2014    	 	 	 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	  	 	  	    2015    	 	 	    2014    	 	
Zero cost collars	  	$	(3,748	) 	 	$	(69	) 	 	Net sales	  	$	(3,222	) 	 	$	6,033	  	  	Other income,
net	  	$	(516	) 	 	$	(12	) 	
As of December 31, 2015, the amount expected to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into loss within the next twelve months is $42 thousand.
On September 18, 2015, the Company and the counterparty, Nomura Financial Investment (Korea) Co., Ltd. (“NFIK”), mutually agreed to terminate the zero cost collar contracts for the third and fourth quarters of the year ended December 31, 2015. In connection with this termination, the Company paid $2,800 thousand for settlement to NFIK.
The Company set aside $6,000 thousand cash deposits to NFIK to the zero cost collar contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and recorded it as hedge collateral in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015. The Company is required for cash collateral with NFIK for any exposure in excess of $500 thousand and no such cash collateral was required as of December 31, 2015. These outstanding zero cost collar contracts are subject to termination if the sum of qualified and unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by the Company is less than $30,000 thousand on the last day of a fiscal quarter.
On September 1, 2014, the Company and the counterparty, the Goldman Sachs International bank (“GS”), mutually agreed to terminate a zero cost collar contract under termination provisions of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (“ISDA”) agreement. In connection with this termination, the Company received $1,050 thousand for settlement proceeds from GS.
On September 30, 2014, the Company and the counterparty, UBS AG, Seoul Branch (“UBS”), mutually agreed to terminate a zero cost collar contract under termination provisions of the ISDA agreement. In connection with this termination, the Company received $430 thousand for settlement proceeds from UBS.
9. Product Warranties
Changes in accrued warranty liabilities for each period are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	    2015    	 	  	    2014    	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	2,973	  	  	$	877	  	
Change in provisions	  	 	(648	) 	  	 	7,194	  	
Usage	  	 	(758	) 	  	 	(4,923	) 	
Translation adjustments	  	 	(142	) 	  	 	(175	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	1,425	  	  	$	2,973	  	

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(TABULAR DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)

10. Long-term Borrowings
Long-term borrowings as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 	  	December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
6.625% senior notes due July 2021	  	$	225,000	  	  	$	225,000	  	
Discount on senior notes	  	 	(844	) 	  	 	(965	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Long-term borrowings, net of unamortized discount	  	$	224,156	  	  	$	224,035	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
On July 18, 2013, the Company issued $225,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the 2021 Notes at a price of 99.5%. Interest on the 2021 Notes accrues at a rate of 6.625% per annum, payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on January 15, 2014.
In connection with the issuance of the 2021 Notes, the Company capitalized certain costs and fees, which are being amortized using the effective interest method over its respective term, 2013 to 2021. Amortization costs, which were included in interest expense in the accompanying statements of operations, amounted to $539 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2015. The remaining capitalized costs as of December 31, 2015, which were included in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheet, were $3,781 thousand.
The Company can optionally redeem all or a part of the 2021 Notes according to the following schedule: (i) at any time prior to July 15, 2016, the Company may on any one or more occasions redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of 2021 Notes issued under that certain Indenture, dated as of July 18, 2013, by and between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”), as supplemented by that certain First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 27, 2014 (collectively, the “Indenture”), related to the 2021 Notes at a redemption price equal to 106.625% of the principal amount of the 2021 Notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest and special interest, if any, to the date of redemption with the net proceeds of a qualified equity offering; (ii) at any time prior to July 15, 2017, the Company may on any one or more occasions redeem all or a part of the 2021 Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes redeemed, plus the applicable premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest and special interest, if any, to the date of redemption; and (iii) on or after July 15, 2017, the Company may on any one or more occasions redeem all or a part of the 2021 Notes, at a redemption price equal to 103.313%, 101.656% and 100% of the principal amount of the notes redeemed on or after July 15, 2017, 2018 and 2019 and thereafter, respectively, plus accrued and unpaid interest and special interest, if any, on the notes redeemed, to the applicable date of redemption.
The indenture relating to the 2021 Notes contains covenants that limit ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to: (i) declare or pay any dividend or make any payment or distribution on account of or purchase or redeem the Company’s capital stock or equity interests of the restricted subsidiaries; (ii) make any principal payment on, or redeem or repurchase, prior to any scheduled repayment or maturity, any subordinated indebtedness; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) incur additional indebtedness and issue certain types of capital stock; (v) create or incur any lien (except for permitted liens) that secures obligations under any indebtedness; (vi) merge with or into or sell all or substantially all of the Company’s assets to other companies; (vii) enter into certain types of transactions with affiliates; (viii) guarantee the payment of any indebtedness; (ix) enter into sale-leaseback transactions; (x) enter into agreements that would restrict the ability of the restricted subsidiaries to make distributions with respect to their equity to the Company or other restricted subsidiaries, to make loans to the Company or other restricted subsidiaries or to transfer assets to the Company or other restricted subsidiaries; and (xi) designate unrestricted subsidiaries.
 
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These covenants are subject to a number of exceptions and qualifications. Certain of these restrictive covenants will terminate if the notes are rated investment grade at any time.
11. Accrued Severance Benefits
The majority of accrued severance benefits are for employees in the Company’s Korean subsidiary. Pursuant to the Employee Retirement Benefit Security Act of Korea, eligible employees and executive officers with one or more years of service are entitled to severance benefits upon the termination of their employment based on their length of service and rate of pay. As of December 31, 2015, 98% of all employees of the Company were eligible for severance benefits.
Changes in accrued severance benefits are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	140,405	  	  	$	135,356	  	
Provisions	  	 	15,289	  	  	 	17,703	  	
Severance payments	  	 	(11,394	) 	  	 	(6,650	) 	
Translation adjustments	  	 	(9,140	) 	  	 	(6,003	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	  	 	135,160	  	  	 	140,405	  	
Less: Cumulative contributions to the National Pension Fund	  	 	(307	) 	  	 	(346	) 	
Group severance insurance plan	  	 	(705	) 	  	 	(770	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	  	$	134,148	  	  	$	139,289	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The severance benefits funded through the Company’s National Pension Fund and group severance insurance plan will be used exclusively for payment of severance benefits to eligible employees. These amounts have been deducted from the accrued severance benefit balance.
The Company is liable to pay the following future benefits to its non-executive employees upon their normal retirement age:

 	  	Severance
Benefit	 	
2016	  	$	822	  	
2017	  	 	1,469	  	
2018	  	 	2,648	  	
2019	  	 	2,064	  	
2020	  	 	2,491	  	
2021 – 2025	  	 	27,750	  	
The above amounts were determined based on the non-executive employees’ current salary rates and the number of service years that will be accumulated upon their retirement dates. These amounts do not include amounts that might be paid to non-executive employees that will cease working with the Company before their normal retirement ages.
 
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12. Common Stock
Common stock par value $0.01 per share, was authorized in the amount of 150,000 thousand shares, of which 41,148 thousand shares were issued and 34,569 thousand shares were outstanding as of December 31, 2015.
Changes in common stock for each period are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
 	  	Shares	 	  	Amount	 	  	Shares	 	  	Amount	 	
Common stock at the beginning of the period	  	 	34,056,468	  	  	$	406	  	  	 	34,048,366	  	  	$	406	  	
Exercise of stock options	  	 	512,474	  	  	 	5	  	  	 	6,795	  	  	 	0	  	
Exercise of warrants	  	 	—  	  	  	 	—  	  	  	 	1,307	  	  	 	0	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total common stock outstanding at the end of the period	  	 	34,568,942	  	  	$	411	  	  	 	34,056,468	  	  	$	406	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
13. Equity Incentive Plans
The Company adopted its 2009 Common Unit Plan, or the 2009 Plan, effective December 8, 2009, which is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”). The 2009 Plan terminated immediately following the Company’s corporate conversion in March 2011, and no additional options or other equity awards may be granted under the 2009 Plan. However, options granted under the 2009 Plan prior to its termination will remain outstanding until they are either exercised or expire. The Company adopted its 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2011 Plan, in March 2010. The Company amended and restated the 2011 Plan in February 2011, and the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment in March 2011 to reflect that it became effective in 2011 upon the Company’s corporate conversion in March 2011. Awards may be granted under the 2011 Plan to the Company’s employees, including officers, directors, or consultants or those of any present or future parent or subsidiary corporation or other affiliated entity. While the Company may grant incentive stock options only to employees, the Company may grant nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock purchase rights or bonuses, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units and cash-based awards or other stock-based awards to any eligible participant, subject to terms and conditions determined by the Compensation Committee. The term of options shall not exceed ten years from the date of grant. Restricted stock purchase rights shall be exercisable within a period established by the Compensation Committee, which shall in no event exceed thirty days from the effective date of the grant. As of December 31, 2015, an aggregate maximum of 6,583 thousand shares were authorized and 895 thousand shares were reserved for all future grants.
Stock options and stock appreciation rights must have exercise prices at least equal to the fair market value of the stock at the time of their grant pursuant to the 2011 Plan. The requisite service period, or the period during which a grantee is required to provide service in exchange for option grants, coincides with the vesting period. Stock options typically vest over three years following grant.
Restricted stock units granted under the 2011 Plan represent a right to receive shares of the Company’s common stock when the restricted stock unit vests. No monetary payment (other than applicable tax withholding) shall be required as a condition of receiving shares pursuant to a restricted stock unit, the consideration for which shall be services actually rendered to a participating company or for its benefit. Stock issued pursuant to any restricted stock unit may (but need not) be made subject to vesting conditions based upon the satisfaction of such
 
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service requirements, conditions, restrictions or performance criteria as shall be established by the Compensation Committee and set forth in the award agreement evidencing such award. Restricted stock units typically vest over three years following grant.
The purchase price for shares issuable under each restricted stock purchase right shall be established by the Compensation Committee in its discretion. No monetary payment (other than applicable tax withholding) shall be required as a condition of receiving shares pursuant to a restricted stock bonus, the consideration for which shall be services actually rendered to a participating company or for its benefit. Stock issued pursuant to any restricted stock award may (but need not) be made subject to vesting conditions based upon the satisfaction of such service requirements, conditions, restrictions or performance criteria as shall be established by the Compensation Committee and set forth in the award agreement evidencing such award. During any period in which stock acquired pursuant to a restricted stock award remain subject to vesting conditions, such stock may not be sold, exchanged, transferred, pledged, assigned or otherwise disposed of other than pursuant to an ownership change event or transfer by will or the laws of descent and distribution. The grantee shall have all of the rights of a stockholder of the Company holding stock, including the right to vote such stock and to receive all dividends and other distributions paid with respect to such stock; provided, however, that if so determined by the Compensation Committee and provided by the award agreement, such dividends and distributions shall be subject to the same vesting conditions as the stock subject to the restricted stock award with respect to which such dividends or distributions were paid. If a grantee’s service terminates for any reason, whether voluntary or involuntary (including the grantee’s death or disability), then (a) the Company (or its assignee) has the option to repurchase for the purchase price paid by the grantee any stock acquired by the grantee pursuant to a restricted stock purchase right which remain subject to vesting conditions as of the date of the grantee’s termination of service and (b) the grantee shall forfeit to the Company any stock acquired by the grantee pursuant to a restricted stock bonus which remain subject to vesting conditions as of the date of the grantee’s termination of service. The Company has the right to assign at any time any repurchase right it may have, whether or not such right is then exercisable, to one or more persons as may be selected by the Company.
The following summarizes restricted stock unit activities for the year ended December 31, 2015. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no restricted stock unit activities.

 	  	Number of
Restricted
Stock  Units	 	  	Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value of
Restricted
Stock Units	 	
Outstanding at January 1, 2015	  	 	—  	  	  	$	—  	  	
Granted	  	 	265,332	  	  	 	7.68	  	
Vested	  	 	(129,962	) 	  	 	7.64	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Outstanding at December 31, 2015	  	 	135,370	  	  	$	7.72	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total compensation expense recorded for the restricted stock units was $1,400 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, there was $598 thousand of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock units, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average future period of 1.2 years. Total fair value of restricted stock units vested was $993 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2015.
 
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The following summarizes stock option activities for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013. At the date of grant, all options had an exercise price not less than the fair value of common stock:

 	  	Number of
Options	 	 	Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price of
Stock
Options	 	  	Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value of
Stock
Options	 	  	Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life of
Stock
Options	 	
Outstanding at January 1, 2013	  	 	3,077,481	  	 	$	7.35	  	  	 	26,385	  	  	 	7.9 years	  	
Granted	  	 	455,000	  	 	 	17.08	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
Forfeited	  	 	(8,360	) 	 	 	10.89	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
Exercised	  	 	(579,476	) 	 	 	7.44	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Outstanding at December 31, 2013	  	 	2,944,645	  	 	$	8.82	  	  	 	31,558	  	  	 	7.3 years	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2013	  	 	2,916,184	  	 	 	8.78	  	  	 	31,376	  	  	 	7.3 years	  	
Exercisable at December 31, 2013	  	 	1,946,475	  	 	 	7.00	  	  	 	24,325	  	  	 	6.7 years	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Outstanding at January 1, 2014	  	 	2,944,645	  	 	$	8.82	  	  	 	31,558	  	  	 	7.3 years	  	
Granted	  	 	310,000	  	 	 	16.75	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
Forfeited	  	 	(31,905	) 	 	 	8.34	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
Exercised	  	 	(6,795	) 	 	 	7.03	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Outstanding at December 31, 2014	  	 	3,215,945	  	 	$	9.60	  	  	 	39,615	  	  	 	6.6 years	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2014	  	 	3,204,967	  	 	 	9.58	  	  	 	39,610	  	  	 	6.6 years	  	
Exercisable at December 31, 2014	  	 	2,760,402	  	 	 	8.70	  	  	 	39,187	  	  	 	6.3 years	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Outstanding at January 1, 2015	  	 	3,215,945	  	 	$	9.60	  	  	 	39,615	  	  	 	6.6 years	  	
Granted	  	 	802,193	  	 	 	7.92	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
Forfeited	  	 	(325,765	) 	 	 	9.88	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
Exercised	  	 	(512,474	) 	 	 	6.70	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Outstanding at December 31, 2015	  	 	3,179,899	  	 	$	9.61	  	  	 	—  	  	  	 	6.7 years	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2015	  	 	3,155,828	  	 	 	9.62	  	  	 	—  	  	  	 	6.7 years	  	
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	  	 	2,547,902	  	 	 	9.63	  	  	 	—  	  	  	 	6.0 years	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total compensation expenses recorded for the stock options were $1,368 thousand, $2,072 thousand and $2,213 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. As of December 31, 2015, there was $728 thousand of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average future period of 1.2 years. Total fair value of options vested were $1,361 thousand, $2,957 thousand and $1,746 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
 
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The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to measure the fair value of each option grant. The following summarizes the grant-date fair value of options granted for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 and assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model on a weighted average basis:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2013	 	
Grant-date fair value of option	  	$	1.67	  	 	$	4.10	  	 	$	4.30	  	
Expected term	  	 	2.4 Years	  	 	 	2.7 Years	  	 	 	2.8 Years	  	
Risk-free interest rate	  	 	0.8	% 	 	 	0.7	% 	 	 	0.4	% 	
Expected volatility	  	 	33.8	% 	 	 	36.7	% 	 	 	37.6	% 	
Expected dividends	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	
The number and weighted average grant-date fair value of the unvested stock options are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
 	  	Number	 	 	Weighted
Average
Grant-
Date
Fair Value	 	  	Number	 	 	Weighted
Average
Grant-
Date
Fair Value	 	  	Number	 	 	Weighted
Average
Grant-
Date
Fair Value	 	
Unvested options at the beginning of the period	  	 	455,543	  	 	$	4.18	  	  	 	998,170	  	 	$	3.69	  	  	 	1,350,590	  	 	$	2.79	  	
Granted options during the period	  	 	802,193	  	 	 	1.67	  	  	 	310,000	  	 	 	4.10	  	  	 	455,000	  	 	 	4.30	  	
Vested options during the period	  	 	(532,682	) 	 	 	2.56	  	  	 	(819,818	) 	 	 	3.61	  	  	 	(651,530	) 	 	 	2.68	  	
Forfeited options during the period	  	 	(92,959	) 	 	 	4.01	  	  	 	(31,905	) 	 	 	3.20	  	  	 	(7,106	) 	 	 	3.92	  	
Exercised options during the period	  	 	(98	) 	 	 	3.08	  	  	 	(904	) 	 	 	3.16	  	  	 	(148,784	) 	 	 	2.46	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unvested options at the end of the period	  	 	631,997	  	 	$	2.40	  	  	 	455,543	  	 	$	4.18	  	  	 	998,170	  	 	$	3.69	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
14. Restructuring and Impairment Charges
2014 Impairment Charges
The Company recognized $10,269 thousand of impairment charges, which were incurred due to the planned closure of its six-inch fabrication facility. The impairment charges primarily resulted from $8,239 thousand of impairment to building, $1,763 thousand of impairment of machinery and equipment and $267 thousand of impairment of other tangible assets.
2013 Restructuring and Impairment Charges
The Company recognized $1,829 thousand of restructuring charges for the year ended December 31, 2013 from restructuring its six-inch fabrication facility and $617 thousand of impairment charges from certain existing technology.
The Company recognized impairment charges related to impairment of goodwill, certain technology and equipment of $3,389 thousand, $1,864 thousand and $508 thousand, respectively. These impairment charges relate to goodwill, technology and equipment purchased in connection with the Dawin acquisition.
 
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15. Foreign Currency Gain (Loss), Net
Net foreign currency gain or loss includes non-cash translation gain or loss associated with intercompany balances. A substantial portion of the Company’s net foreign currency gain or loss is non-cash translation gain or loss associated with intercompany long-term loans to our Korean subsidiary. The loans are denominated in U.S. dollars and are affected by changes in the exchange rate between the Korean won and the U.S. dollar. As of December 31, 2015, the outstanding intercompany loan balance including accrued interests between the Korean subsidiary and the Dutch subsidiary was $591 million. The Korean won to U.S. dollar exchange rates were 1,172.0:1, 1,099.2:1 and 1,055.3:1 using the first base rate as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, as quoted by the Korea Exchange Bank.
16. Income Taxes
The Company’s income tax expenses are composed of domestic and foreign income taxes depending on the relevant tax jurisdictions. Domestic income (loss) before taxes and income tax expenses are generated or incurred in the United States, where the parent company resides.
The components of income tax expense are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Income (loss) before income taxes	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Domestic	  	$	32,903	  	 	$	(22,146	) 	  	$	(6,127	) 	
Foreign	  	 	(132,857	) 	 	 	(93,563	) 	  	 	(54,106	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	  	$	(99,954	) 	 	$	(115,709	) 	  	$	(60,233	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Current income taxes expense (benefit)	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Domestic	  	$	25	  	 	$	(3,300	) 	  	$	(2,258	) 	
Foreign	  	 	(14,301	) 	 	 	3,312	  	  	 	4,875	  	
Uncertain tax position liability (Domestic)	  	 	10	  	 	 	10	  	  	 	(87	) 	
Uncertain tax position liability (Foreign)	  	 	(1,220	) 	 	 	(66	) 	  	 	7	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	  	 	(15,486	) 	 	 	(44	) 	  	 	2,537	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Deferred income taxes expense (benefit)	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Foreign	  	 	399	  	 	 	1,567	  	  	 	1,433	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total income tax expense (benefit)	  	$	(15,087	) 	 	$	1,523	  	  	$	3,970	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Effective tax rate	  	 	15.1	%	 	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The differences between the annual effective tax rates and the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35.0% primarily result from the non-income based withholding tax attributable to intercompany interest income of the Company’s Dutch subsidiary, application of lower tax rates associated with certain earnings from the Company’s operations outside the U.S., the parent Company’s interest income, which is non-taxable for US tax purposes and the change of valuation allowance of deferred tax assets. The significant increase in income tax benefit in 2015 is due to the reversal of withholding tax payable with respect to the waiver of the accrued interest on the loans granted to the Korean subsidiary by the Dutch subsidiary. On December 7, 2015, the Company’s Korean and Dutch subsidiaries agreed that the Dutch subsidiary waives and releases a partial amount of unpaid interest of $174,201 thousand on
 
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its intercompany loans granted to the Korean subsidiary. This transaction created a taxable income for the Korean subsidiary but did not result in a liability because of the utilization of expired loss carryforwards, which is deductible only against gains from cancellation of debt. The loss was not tax deductible for the Dutch subsidiary. This transaction also resulted in taxable loss for the Luxemburg subsidiary that is reflected below as a permanent impairment and this tax benefit was offset by an increase in the change in valuation allowance. In connection with the waiver of unpaid interest, the related withholding tax was reversed, resulting in the recognition of income tax benefit of $17,756 thousand as of December 31, 2015.
The statutory income tax rate of the Company’s Korean subsidiary, applicable to the Company was approximately 24.2% in 2015, 2014 and 2013.
The provision for domestic and foreign income taxes incurred is different from the amount calculated by applying the statutory tax rate to the net income before income taxes. The significant items causing this difference are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Provision computed at statutory rate	  	$	(34,984	) 	  	$	(40,498	) 	  	$	(21,082	) 	
Difference in foreign tax rates	  	 	24,359	  	  	 	10,130	  	  	 	5,375	  	
Permanent differences	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Derivative assets adjustment	  	 	(143	) 	  	 	(1,526	) 	  	 	1,469	  	
TPECs, hybrid and other interest	  	 	(27,273	) 	  	 	(6,813	) 	  	 	(3,151	) 	
Permanent impairment	  	 	(62,334	) 	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	
Thin capitalization	  	 	2,457	 	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	
Permanent foreign currency gain (loss)	  	 	11,575	  	  	 	(901	) 	  	 	3,351	  	
Non-deductible settlement	  	 	—  	 	  	 	6,318	  	  	 	—  	 	
Non-deductible bad debt expense	  	 	89	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	
Other permanent differences	  	 	(69	) 	  	 	(1,097	) 	  	 	(881	) 	
Withholding tax	  	 	(14,457	) 	  	 	3,506	  	  	 	3,918	  	
Foreign exchange rate adjustment	  	 	(8,954	) 	  	 	4,687	  	  	 	(7,455	) 	
Change in valuation allowance	  	 	95,757	  	  	 	29,484	  	  	 	24,062	  	
Tax credit	  	 	(875	) 	  	 	(1,811	) 	  	 	(1,818	) 	
Uncertain tax positions liability	  	 	(1,211	) 	  	 	(56	) 	  	 	(80	) 	
Others	  	 	976	  	  	 	100	  	  	 	262	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Income tax expenses (benefit)	  	$	(15,087	) 	  	$	1,523	  	  	$	3,970	  	

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A summary of the composition of net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:

 	  	Year-Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Deferred tax assets	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Accounts receivables	  	$	—  	  	  	$	1,076	  	  	$	28,628	  	
Inventories	  	 	4,063	  	  	 	11,015	  	  	 	5,866	  	
Derivative assets	  	 	10	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	
Accrued expenses	  	 	12,939	  	  	 	9,030	  	  	 	8,758	  	
Product warranties	  	 	345	  	  	 	719	  	  	 	292	  	
Other reserves	  	 	474	  	  	 	457	  	  	 	684	  	
Royalty income	  	 	—  	 	  	 	147	  	  	 	1,364	  	
Property, plant and equipment	  	 	13,986	  	  	 	15,914	  	  	 	13,667	  	
Intangible assets	  	 	407	  	  	 	780	  	  	 	922	  	
Accumulated severance benefits	  	 	31,038	  	  	 	30,413	  	  	 	27,769	  	
Foreign currency translation loss	  	 	52,294	  	  	 	17,496	  	  	 	12,220	  	
NOL carry-forwards	  	 	155,545	  	  	 	80,979	  	  	 	53,714	  	
Tax credit	  	 	21,868	  	  	 	25,161	  	  	 	26,041	  	
Other long-term payable	  	 	2,385	  	  	 	1,034	  	  	 	608	  	
Others	  	 	1,974	  	  	 	1,990	  	  	 	2,887	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total deferred tax assets	  	 	297,328	  	  	 	196,211	  	  	 	183,420	  	
Less: Valuation allowance	  	 	(279,867	) 	  	 	(194,739	) 	  	 	(178,729	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
 	  	 	17,461	  	  	 	1,472	  	  	 	4,691	  	

Deferred tax liabilities	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Derivative assets	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	  	 	1,189	  	
Foreign currency translation gain	  	 	14,859	  	  	 	748	  	  	 	19	  	
Prepaid expense	  	 	1,953	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	
Others	  	 	478	  	  	 	147	  	  	 	1,239	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total deferred tax liabilities	  	 	17,290	  	  	 	895	  	  	 	2,447	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net deferred tax assets	  	$	171	  	  	$	577	  	  	$	2,244	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Reported as	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Current deferred income tax assets	  	$	34	  	  	$	237	  	  	$	1,348	  	
Non-current deferred income tax assets	  	$	238	  	  	$	415	  	  	$	896	  	
Current deferred income tax liabilities	  	$	(98	) 	  	$	(72	) 	  	$	—  	 	
Non-current deferred income tax liabilities	  	$	(3	) 	  	$	(3	) 	  	$	—  	 	
The valuation allowances at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are primarily attributable to deferred tax assets for the uncertainty in taxable income at the Company’s Korean subsidiary. The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets, net of its deferred tax liabilities, and against certain foreign subsidiary’s deferred tax assets pertaining to its related tax loss carry-forwards that are not anticipated to generate a tax benefit.
 
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Changes in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	194,739	  	  	$	178,729	  	  	$	162,968	  	
Charged to expense	  	 	95,757	  	  	 	29,484	  	  	 	24,062	  	
NOL/tax credit expiration	  	 	(1,197	) 	  	 	(7,605	) 	  	 	(10,150	) 	
Translation adjustments	  	 	(9,432	) 	  	 	(5,869	) 	  	 	1,849	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	279,867	  	  	$	194,739	  	  	$	178,729	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The amount presented as “Charged to expense” primarily relates to the utilization of net operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards, or pre-tax losses for which there is no tax benefit.
The evaluation of the recoverability of the deferred tax asset and the need for a valuation allowance requires the Company to weigh all positive and negative evidence to reach a conclusion that it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The weight given to the evidence is commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified. The more negative evidence that exists, the more positive evidence is necessary and the more difficult it is to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed. Realization of the future tax benefits related to the deferred tax assets is dependent on many factors, including the Company’s ability to generate future taxable income within the period during which the temporary differences reverse, the outlook for the economic environment in which the Company operates and the overall future industry outlook.
As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company had net deferred tax assets of $171 thousand, $577 thousand and $2,244 thousand, respectively, related to the Company’s Japanese subsidiary. As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of $279,867 thousand, $194,739 thousand and $178,729 thousand on its deferred tax assets related to temporary differences, net operating loss carry-forwards and tax credit in domestic and foreign subsidiaries. The Company maintained to record these valuation allowances on deferred tax assets based on its assessment that the negative evidence of expected losses in early future years outweighed the positive evidence of historical income.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately $587,115 thousand of net operating loss carry-forwards available to offset future taxable income, of which $274,672 thousand is associated with the Company’s Korean subsidiary, which expires in part at various dates through 2025. The net operating loss of $269,381 thousand associated with the Company’s Luxembourg subsidiary is carried forward indefinitely. The remaining net operating loss mainly relates to US corporation, which expires in part at various dates through 2035. The Company utilized net operating loss of $121 thousand, $1,219 thousand and $69,159 thousand, for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The Company also has Korean, Dutch and U.S. tax credit carry-forwards of approximately $7,811 thousand, $13,668 thousand and $390 thousand, respectively, as of December 31, 2015. The Korean tax credits expire at various dates starting from 2016 to 2020, and the Dutch tax credits are carried forward to be used for an indefinite period of time.
Uncertainty in Income Taxes
The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in Korea, Japan, Taiwan, the U.S. and in various other jurisdictions. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities of these jurisdictions for all open tax years.
 
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As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company recorded $2,139 thousand, $3,495 thousand and $3,706 thousand of liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company recorded $1,606 thousand, $110 thousand and $106 thousand of income tax benefits by reversing liabilities due to the lapse of the applicable statute of limitations and incurred $351 thousand, $44 thousand and $7 thousand of income tax expenses for uncertain tax positions mainly resulting from withholding taxes related to intercompany balances.
For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized $45 thousand, $10 thousand, $20 thousand of interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. Total interest and penalties accrued as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 were $359 thousand, $480 thousand and $530 thousand, respectively.
The company is currently unaware of any uncertain tax positions that could result in significant additional payments, accruals, or other material deviation in this estimate over the next 12 months.
A tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning and end of each period is as follows:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2013	 	
Unrecognized tax benefits, balance at the beginning	  	$	14,969	  	 	$	11,865	  	 	$	11,196	  	
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year	  	 	1,789	  	 	 	4,472	  	 	 	1,690	  	
Additions for tax positions of prior years	  	 	—  	 	 	 	47	  	 	 	—  	 	
Lapse of statute of limitations	  	 	(2,142	) 	 	 	(1,040	) 	 	 	(1,067	) 	
Translation adjustments	  	 	(1,286	) 	 	 	(375	) 	 	 	46	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unrecognized tax benefits, balance at the ending	  	$	13,330	  	 	$	14,969	  	 	$	11,865	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
17. Geographic and Segment Information
The Company had previously reported its results of operations under one operating segment. During the second quarter of 2015, organizational changes were made to (i) realign the Company’s businesses and organizational structure and (ii) streamline and consolidate certain business processes to achieve greater operating efficiencies. In furtherance of these objectives, the Company combined its Display Solutions and Power Solutions business lines into a new segment called Standard Products Group. Beginning in the second quarter of 2015, the Company reports its financial results in two operating segments: Semiconductor Manufacturing Services and Standard Products Group. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer who allocates resources and assesses performance of the business and other activities based on gross profit. The two newly established operating segments will be managed prospectively and all prior period amounts related to the segment change have been retrospectively reclassified to conform to the new presentation.
During the third quarter of 2015, the Company changed the name of its Semiconductor Manufacturing Services segment to Foundry Services Group. The Company believes that this new name provides greater clarity on the identity of this segment. There is no change to the composition of this reportable segment from what the Company previously reported for the Semiconductor Manufacturing Service segment.
 
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The following sets forth information relating to the operating segments:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Net Sales	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Foundry Services Group	  	$	290,775	  	  	$	360,549	  	  	$	395,365	  	
Standard Products Group	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Display Solutions	  	 	207,480	  	  	 	199,861	  	  	 	202,951	  	
Power Solutions	  	 	134,814	  	  	 	137,246	  	  	 	135,329	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total Standard Products Group	  	 	342,294	  	  	 	337,107	  	  	 	338,280	  	
All other	  	 	643	  	  	 	562	  	  	 	532	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total net sales	  	$	633,712	  	  	$	698,218	  	  	$	734,177	  	

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Gross Profit	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Foundry Services Group	  	$	66,175	  	  	$	75,739	  	  	$	108,665	  	
Standard Products Group	  	 	68,094	  	  	 	76,561	  	  	 	45,872	  	
All other	  	 	595	  	  	 	562	  	  	 	531	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total gross profit	  	$	134,864	  	  	$	152,862	  	  	$	155,068	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The following is a summary of net sales by geographic region, based on the location to which the products are billed:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Korea	  	$	241,715	  	  	$	260,139	  	  	$	313,634	  	
Asia Pacific (other than Korea)	  	 	316,562	  	  	 	324,248	  	  	 	284,429	  	
U.S.A.	  	 	51,164	  	  	 	91,308	  	  	 	100,790	  	
Europe	  	 	23,461	  	  	 	21,159	  	  	 	32,136	  	
Others	  	 	810	  	  	 	1,364	  	  	 	3,188	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total	  	$	633,712	  	  	$	698,218	  	  	$	734,177	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net sales from the Company’s top ten largest customers accounted for 64%, 61% and 59% for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company had two customers that represented 15.2% and 11.0% of its net sales, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company had two customers that represented 11.4% and 10.7% of its net sales, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company had one customer that represented 11.3% of its net sales.
96% of the Company’s property, plant and equipment are located in Korea as of December 31, 2015.
 
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18. Commitments and Contingencies
Operating Agreements with SK Hynix
In connection with the acquisition of the non-memory semiconductor business from SK Hynix on October 4, 2004 (the “Original Acquisition”), the Company entered into several agreements with SK Hynix, including a non-exclusive cross license that provides the Company with access to certain of SK Hynix’s intellectual property for use in the manufacture and sale of non-memory semiconductor products. The Company also agreed to provide certain utilities and infrastructure support services to SK Hynix.
Upon the closing of the Original Acquisition, the Company’s Korean subsidiary and SK Hynix also entered into lease agreements under which the Company’s Korean subsidiary leases space to SK Hynix in several buildings, primarily warehouses and utility facilities, in Cheongju, Korea. These leases are generally for an initial term of 20 years plus an indefinite number of renewal terms of 10 years each. Each of the leases is cancelable upon 90 days’ notice by the lessee. The Company also leases certain land from SK Hynix located in Cheongju, Korea. The term of this lease is indefinite unless otherwise agreed by the parties, and as long as the buildings remain on the lease site and are owned and used by the Company for permitted uses.
Operating Leases
The Company leases land, office space and equipment under various operating lease agreements with various terms. Rental expenses were approximately $8,194 thousand, $9,421 thousand and $8,829 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
As of December 31, 2015, the minimum aggregate rental payments due under non-cancelable lease contracts are as follows:

2016	  	$	5,764	  	
2017	  	 	5,023	  	
2018	  	 	2,681	  	
2019	  	 	1,893	  	
2020	  	 	1,893	  	
2021 and thereafter	  	 	26,063	  	
 	  	 	 	 	
 	  	$	43,317	  	
 	  	 	 	 	
Securities Class Action Complaints
On March 12, 2014, a purported class action was filed against the Company and certain of the Company’s now-former officers. On April 21, 2015, a related purported class action lawsuit (Okla. Police Pension & Retirement Sys. v. MagnaChip Semiconductor Corp., et al., No. 3:15-cv-01797) was filed against the Company, certain of the Company’s current directors and former and now-former officers, a shareholder of the Company, and certain financial firms that acted as underwriters of the Company’s public stock offerings. On June 15, 2015, these two class action lawsuits were consolidated. On June 26, 2015, an amended complaint was filed in the consolidated action, against the Company, certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, a shareholder of the Company, and certain financial firms that acted as underwriters of the Company’s public stock offerings on behalf of a putative class consisting of all persons other than the defendants who purchased or acquired the Company’s securities between February 1, 2012 and February 12, 2015 and a putative subclass
 
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consisting of all purchasers of the Company’s common stock pursuant to or traceable to a shelf registration statement and prospectus issued in connection with the Company’s February 6, 2013 public stock offering. The consolidated amended complaint asserts claims on behalf of the putative class for (i) alleged violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder by the Company and certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, (ii) alleged violations of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act by certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, and (iii) alleged violations of Sections 20(a) and 20(A) of the Exchange Act by a shareholder. The consolidated amended complaint also asserts claims on behalf the subclass for (i) alleged violations of Section 11 of the Securities Act by the Company, certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, and certain financial firms that acted as underwriters of the Company’s public stock offerings, (ii) alleged violations of Section 12 of the Securities Act by the Company, certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, a shareholder of the Company, and certain financial firms that acted as underwriters of the Company’s public stock offerings, (iii) alleged violations of Section 15 of the Securities Act by the Company, certain of the Company’s former officers, and a shareholder of the Company.
On December 10, 2015, the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the plaintiffs’ representatives to memorialize an agreement in principle to settle the consolidated securities class action lawsuit, Thomas, et al. v. MagnaChip Semiconductor Corp. et al., Civil Action No. 3:14-CV-01160-JST, pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (the “Class Action Litigation”). On February 5, 2016, the plaintiffs in the consolidated securities class action filed a motion for preliminary approval of the settlement, as well as the stipulation and agreement of settlement and related exhibits. The Court has scheduled a hearing on the motion for preliminary approval of the settlement for March 17, 2016. The stipulation and agreement of settlement release settlement releases all claims asserted against all defendants in the Class Action Litigation except for Avenue Capital Management II, L.P. and does not release claims asserted in the derivative actions Hemmingson, et al. v. Elkins, et al., No. 1-15-CV-278614 (PHK) (Cal. Super. Ct. Santa Clara Cnty.) and Bushansky v. Norby, et al., No. 1-15-CV-281284 (PHK) (Cal. Super. Ct. Santa Clara Cnty.) (the “Derivative Actions”). The stipulation and agreement of settlement provides for an aggregate settlement payment by the Company of $23.5 million, which includes all attorneys’ fees, costs of administration and plaintiffs’ out-of-pocket expenses, lead plaintiff compensatory awards and disbursements. The Company expects the settlement will be fully funded by insurance proceeds. The settlement includes the dismissal of all claims against the Company and the named individuals in the Class Action Litigation without any liability or wrongdoing attributed to them. The settlement remains subject to stockholder notice, court approval and other customary conditions.
The Company has recorded the $23.5 million of the obligation as accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015 and as selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015. The Company has recorded $29.6 million of the proceeds from the insurers as other receivables in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015 and as a deduction of the selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015.
SEC Enforcement Staff Review
In March 2014, the Company voluntarily reported to the SEC that the Company’s Audit Committee had determined that the Company incorrectly recognized revenue on certain transactions and as a result would restate its financial statements, and that the Audit Committee had commenced the Independent Investigation. Over the course of 2014 and the first two quarters of 2015, the Company voluntarily produced documents to the SEC
 
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regarding the various accounting issues identified during the Independent Investigation, and whether the Company’s hiring of an accountant from the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm impacted that accounting firm’s independence. On July 22, 2014, the Staff of the SEC’s Division of Enforcement obtained a Formal Order of Investigation. On March 12, 2015, the SEC issued a subpoena for documents to the Company in connection with its investigation. The Company will continue to cooperate with the SEC in this investigation, and has produced documents in response to the subpoena. At this time, the Company is unable to estimate any reasonably possible loss, or range of reasonably possible losses, with respect to the matters described above.
Shareholder Derivative Complaints
A shareholder derivative action was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California in and for Santa Clara County on March 25, 2015, naming as defendants certain of the Company’s current directors and former and now-former officers, as well as a shareholder of the Company, and naming the Company as a nominal defendant. The complaint in this action asserts claims for (i) alleged breaches of fiduciary duty by certain of the Company’s current directors and former and now-former officers for purportedly knowingly failing to maintain adequate internal controls over its accounting and reporting functions and disseminating to stockholders certain alleged materially false and misleading statements, (ii) alleged breaches of fiduciary duty by certain of the Company’s current directors and a current shareholder of the Company for purported insider trading, and (iii) alleged unjust enrichment by a shareholder of the Company for purported insider trading.
On June 1, 2015, a shareholder derivative action was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, Santa Clara County. The complaint names as defendants certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers, and a shareholder of the Company, with the Company being named as a nominal defendant. The complaint asserts claims for (i) alleged breaches of fiduciary duties by certain of the Company’s current directors and former officers for knowingly failing to maintain adequate internal controls over the Company’s accounting and reporting functions and disseminating to shareholders certain alleged materially false and misleading statements; and (ii) alleged aiding and abetting of such breaches of fiduciary duties by all defendants.
Furthermore, by letter dated May 28, 2015, a purported shareholder demanded to inspect certain of the Company’s books and records, pursuant to Section 220 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (8 Del. C. § 220). The demand’s stated purpose is to investigate alleged breaches of fiduciary duty by certain of the Company’s current and former directors, officers, and senior management and otherwise evaluate whether to initiate a derivative action on the Company’s behalf.
For further development of the Derivative Actions, see Note 23, “Subsequent Events.”
19. Related Party Transactions
Stockholders
Funds affiliated with Avenue Capital Management II, L.P. (“Avenue”) owned 11.8% of the Company’s common stock issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015.
 
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20. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively:

 	  	Year Ended
December  31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	
Foreign currency translation adjustments	  	$	(190	) 	  	$	(35,551	) 	
Derivative adjustments	  	 	(41	) 	  	 	485	  	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total	  	$	(231	) 	  	$	(35,066	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:

Year Ended December 31, 2015	  	Foreign
currency
translation
adjustments	 	 	Derivative
adjustments	 	 	Unrealized
gain on
investments	 	 	Total	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	(35,551	) 	 	$	485	  	 	$	—  	  	 	$	(35,066	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	  	 	35,361	  	 	 	(3,748	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	31,613	  	
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	  	 	—  	  	 	 	3,222	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	3,222	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	  	 	35,361	  	 	 	(526	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	34,835	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	(190	) 	 	$	(41	) 	 	$	—  	  	 	$	(231	) 	

Year Ended December 31, 2014	  	Foreign
currency
translation
adjustments	 	 	Derivative
adjustments	 	 	Unrealized
gain on
investments	 	 	Total	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	(57,326	) 	 	$	6,587	  	 	$	681	  	 	$	(50,058	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	  	 	21,775	  	 	 	(69	) 	 	 	1,201	  	 	 	22,907	  	
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(6,033	) 	 	 	(1,882	) 	 	 	(7,915	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	  	 	21,775	  	 	 	(6,102	) 	 	 	(681	) 	 	 	14,992	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	(35,551	) 	 	$	485	  	 	$	—  	  	 	$	(35,066	) 	

Year Ended December 31, 2013	  	Foreign
currency
translation
adjustments	 	 	Derivative
adjustments	 	 	Unrealized
gain on
investments	 	 	Total	 	
Beginning balance	  	$	(43,599	) 	 	$	2,074	  	 	$	75	  	 	$	(41,450	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	  	 	(13,727	) 	 	 	7,497	  	 	 	606	  	 	 	(5,624	) 	
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(2,984	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(2,984	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	  	 	(13,727	) 	 	 	4,513	  	 	 	606	  	 	 	(8,608	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Ending balance	  	$	(57,326	) 	 	$	6,587	  	 	$	681	  	 	$	(50,058	) 	

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21. Loss per Share
The following table illustrates the computation of basic and diluted loss per common share:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Net loss	  	$	(84,867	) 	  	$	(117,232	) 	  	$	(64,203	) 	
Weighted average common stock outstanding	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Basic	  	 	34,380,517	  	  	 	34,055,513	  	  	 	35,232,194	  	
Diluted	  	 	34,380,517	  	  	 	34,055,513	  	  	 	35,232,194	  	
Loss per share	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Basic	  	$	(2.47	) 	  	$	(3.44	) 	  	$	(1.82	) 	
Diluted	  	$	(2.47	) 	  	$	(3.44	) 	  	$	(1.82	) 	
 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The following outstanding instruments were excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share, as they would have an anti-dilutive effect on the calculation:

 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	  	2013	 	
Options	  	 	3,179,899	  	  	 	3,215,945	  	  	 	2,944,645	  	
Warrants	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	  	 	1,426,330	  	
Restricted Stock Units	  	 	135,370	  	  	 	—  	 	  	 	—  	 	
Rights Plan
On March 5, 2015, the Board of Directors of the Company, authorized and declared a dividend of one preferred stock purchase right (a “Right” and collectively, the “Rights”) for each share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding at the close of business on March 16, 2015. Each Right, once exercisable, will entitle the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of $24, subject to adjustment (the “Purchase Price”). The Rights are not presently exercisable and remain attached to the shares of common stock unless and until the occurrence of the earlier of the following (the “Distribution Date”): (i) the tenth day after the public announcement or disclosure by the Company or any person or group of affiliated or associated persons that any person or group of affiliated or associated persons has become an “Acquiring Person” by obtaining beneficial ownership of 10% (or 20% in the case of a “passive institutional investor,” which is defined generally as any person who has reported beneficial ownership of shares of common stock on Schedule 13G under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“the Exchange Act”)) or more of the Company’s outstanding common stock, subject to certain exceptions; or (ii) the tenth business day (or such later date as the Company’s Board of Directors may designate before a person or group of affiliated or associated persons becomes an Acquiring Person) after the commencement of, or first public announcement of the intent of any person to commence, a tender or exchange offer by any person or group of affiliated or associated persons, which would, if consummated, result in such person or group becoming an Acquiring Person. The Board of Directors may redeem all of the Rights for $0.001 per Right at any time before any person or group of affiliated or associated persons becomes an Acquiring Person. In addition, at any time on or after any person or group of affiliated or associated persons becomes an Acquiring Person (but before any person or group of affiliated or associated persons becomes the owner of 50% or more of the Company’s outstanding common stock), the Board of Directors may exchange all or part of the Rights (other than the Rights beneficially owned by the Acquiring
 
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(CONTINUED)
(TABULAR DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
 
Person and certain affiliated persons) for shares of common stock at an exchange ratio of one share of common stock per Right. The Rights will expire at the close of business on March 5, 2016, unless redeemed or exchanged prior to that time.
If any person or group of affiliated or associated persons becomes an Acquiring Person, then, after the Distribution Date, each Right (other than Rights beneficially owned by the Acquiring Person and certain affiliated persons or transferees thereof) will entitle the holder to purchase, for the Purchase Price, a number of shares of common stock having a market value of twice the Purchase Price. Alternatively, if, after any person or group of affiliated or associated persons becomes an Acquiring Person, (i) the Company is involved in a merger or other business combination in which the Company is not the surviving corporation or its common stock is changed into or exchanged for other securities or assets; or (ii) the Company or one or more of its subsidiaries sells or otherwise transfers assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, then each Right will entitle the holder to purchase, for the Purchase Price, a number of shares of common stock of the other party to such business combination or sale (or in certain circumstances, an affiliate) having a market value of twice the Purchase Price.
22. Unaudited Quarterly Financial Results
The following tables present selected unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for each quarter of the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 	  	Fiscal Year 2015	 	
 	  	First
Quarter	 	 	Second
Quarter	 	 	Third
Quarter	 	 	Fourth
Quarter	 	
Net sales	  	$	164,885	  	 	$	162,015	  	 	$	154,382	  	 	$	152,430	  	
Gross profit	  	 	34,977	  	 	 	35,286	  	 	 	34,699	  	 	 	29,902	  	
Operating loss	  	 	(12,213	) 	 	 	(15,233	) 	 	 	(7,858	) 	 	 	(7,630	) 	
Net income (loss)	  	$	(20,029	) 	 	$	(30,626	) 	 	$	(57,066	) 	 	$	22,854	  	
Earnings (loss) per share:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	  	$	(0.59	) 	 	$	(0.90	) 	 	$	(1.65	) 	 	$	0.66	  	
Diluted	  	$	(0.59	) 	 	$	(0.90	) 	 	$	(1.65	) 	 	$	0.66	  	
Weighted average common stock outstanding:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	  	 	34,056,468	  	 	 	34,092,402	  	 	 	34,664,246	  	 	 	34,698,777	  	
Diluted	  	 	34,056,468	  	 	 	35,092,402	  	 	 	34,664,246	  	 	 	34,713,034	  	
 	 	
 	  	Fiscal Year 2014	 	
 	  	First
Quarter	 	 	Second
Quarter	 	 	Third
Quarter	 	 	Fourth
Quarter	 	
Net sales	  	$	164,164	  	 	$	172,070	  	 	$	194,332	  	 	$	167,652	  	
Gross profit	  	 	40,277	  	 	 	35,457	  	 	 	42,630	  	 	 	34,498	  	
Operating loss	  	 	(7,887	) 	 	 	(19,348	) 	 	 	(19,482	) 	 	 	(30,409	) 	
Net income (loss)	  	$	(21,605	) 	 	$	15,010	  	 	$	(46,807	) 	 	$	(63,830	) 	
Earnings (loss) per share:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	  	$	(0.63	) 	 	$	0.44	  	 	$	(1.37	) 	 	$	(1.87	) 	
Diluted	  	$	(0.63	) 	 	$	0.43	  	 	$	(1.37	) 	 	$	(1.87	) 	
Weighted average common stock outstanding:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	  	 	34,052,875	  	 	 	34,056,359	  	 	 	34,056,359	  	 	 	34,056,413	  	
Diluted	  	 	34,052,875	  	 	 	35,177,915	  	 	 	34,056,359	  	 	 	34,056,413	  	
 
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(CONTINUED)
(TABULAR DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)

23. Subsequent Events
Settlement of Derivative Actions
Effective as of January 11, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement in principle to settle the shareholder derivative action captioned Hemmingson, et al. v. Elkins, et al., No. 1-15-CV-278614 (PHK) (the “Hemmingson Action”) that is currently pending in the California Superior Court, Santa Clara County, against the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors. The proposed settlement provides for the resolution of all of the pending claims against the Company and the individual defendants in the Hemmingson Action, without any liability or wrongdoing attributed to them. The proposed settlement provides for an aggregate payment from the Company defendants’ directors and officers insurance policies of $3 million to be made to an escrow account, which will be remitted to the Company once the settlement becomes final, less (i) any applicable costs of such escrow account, (ii) any amount awarded by the court to the plaintiff’s counsel for attorney’s fees and litigation expenses and (iii) the cost of providing notice of the settlement to the Company’s stockholders. The proposed settlement also requires that the Company implement certain corporate governance measures.
On January 12, 2016, the Company notified the court of the proposed settlement. On January 22, the parties filed the executed Stipulation of Settlement and related documents with the Court. The parties advised the Court that plaintiffs will file a motion for preliminary approval of the settlement following completion of confirmatory discovery.
On January 20, 2016, the Company reached an agreement in principle with the plaintiff’s representatives to settle the shareholder derivative action captioned Bushansky v. Norby, et al., No. 1-15-CV-281284 (PHK) that is currently pending in the California Superior Court, Santa Clara County, against the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors (the “Bushansky Action”). The parties entered into and filed a Stipulation of Settlement with the court on January 22, 2016, in which they agreed, among other things, that the Bushansky action would be dismissed with prejudice as part of the settlement of the Hemmingson Action (together with the Bushansky Action, the “Derivative Actions”). The proposed settlement of the Derivative Actions remains subject to stockholder notice, court approval and other customary conditions.
The Derivative Actions are more fully described in Note 18, “Commitments and Contingencies”.
 
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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“Principal Executive Officer”) and Chief Financial Officer (“Principal Financial Officer”), as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management of the Company, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act, as of December 31, 2015. Based on this evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2015 as a result of material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting that still existed as of December 31, 2015 described below.
(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, and effected by our Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on the criteria set forth in  Internal Control—Integrated Framework  (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on our assessment, we concluded that we did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, because of the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below.
Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act of 1934, and Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X defines a “material weakness” as a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the registrant’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Based on this definition, we have concluded that the material weaknesses noted below existed in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015.
 
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Period End Closing and Financial Reporting:
We did not operate effective period end closing and financial reporting controls over the completeness and accuracy of our non-routine manual journal entries. Specifically, controls over the analysis, documentation, review and approval of the non-routine manual journal entries were not operated effectively as designed to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the entries recorded.
Income Tax Accounting and Disclosures:
We did not operate an effective control over the completeness and accuracy of our income tax accounting and disclosures. Specifically, the control over the analysis and review of current income taxes was not operated effectively as designed to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the entries recorded.
These material weaknesses could result in further misstatements of the financial statements or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement of the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015 has been audited by Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(c) Remediation of Prior Year Material Weaknesses
As previously disclosed in Part II, Item 9A of the 2014 Form 10-K, we identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 as described below.
During 2014 and 2015, we redesigned our internal controls and effectively operated in a manner to allow management to conclude that these material weaknesses have been fully remediated as of December 31, 2015.
Control Environment:
As of December 31, 2014, we did not maintain an effective control environment based on the criteria established in the COSO Framework. Specifically, we did not maintain a control environment that effectively emphasized (i) an attitude of integrity and ethics against the pressure to achieve sales, gross margin and adjusted EBITDA targets, (ii) adherence to U.S. GAAP, (iii) utilization of the whistleblower program, and (iv) prevention or detection of undisclosed business practices involving the circumvention of internal controls, resulting in the inaccurate accounting for certain transactions with respect to sales, cost of sales, inventory, fixed assets, provisions and income taxes, among others. In addition, we did not maintain an appropriate level of accounting knowledge, experience and training commensurate with our financial reporting requirements under U.S. GAAP.
During 2014 and 2015, we took the following measures to remediate the control environment material weakness:
 
 	•	 	The Company appointed YJ Kim as Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Company’s Board of Directors, and Jonathan Kim as Chief Financial Officer. Both held the same posts on an interim basis since the second quarter of 2014.	
 
 	•	 	We took steps to communicate our expectation of the enhanced compliance with high ethical standards by providing ethical guidelines and other forms of internal communications to all employees.	
 
 	•	 	We provided mandatory ethics compliance trainings for all employees, which included a pledge to comply with the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. Through such employee training sessions, we specifically emphasized the importance of our whistleblower hotline, through which employees at all levels can anonymously submit information or express concerns regarding accounting, financial reporting, and violations of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics or other topics.	
 
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 	•	 	During 2014 and 2015, we (i) strengthened the Company’s accounting and finance teams by hiring full-time employees with extensive U.S. GAAP experience, (ii) established a detailed revenue recognition policy including logical criteria to decide whether necessary conditions for revenue recognition were fully met in accordance with U.S.GAAP, and (iii) facilitated U.S. GAAP training programs for relevant employees.	
 
 	•	 	We implemented a sub-certification process, which requires that certain employees certify on a quarterly basis that they have no knowledge of (i) any transaction of which terms deviate from the terms of written sales or purchasing contracts, (ii) any undisclosed or unauthorized transaction that should be communicated to the authorized personnel in the accounting team, and (iii) any irregular activities that were not conducted in the ordinary course of business, including inappropriate decision-making and non-compliance with applicable regulations, policies and procedures.	
 
 	•	 	We hired a senior level employee with expertise in the area of tax accounting and reporting, and used an outside professional advisor to (i) manage and oversee income tax matters comprehensively, (ii) consult with the management team, and (iii) train accounting employees with regard to tax accounting, disclosure practices and rules and regulations.	
Monitoring Activities:
As of December 31, 2014, we did not effectively evaluate and communicate internal control deficiencies in a timely manner to those parties responsible for taking corrective actions. Specifically, we did not maintain an effective internal audit function whereby the internal control team exercised full authority to independently report to the Audit Committee in order to provide adequate monitoring of control activities related to financial reporting throughout the organization. As a result, (i) the Company’s monitoring activities, including internal audit function that should have prevented or detected errors or failure to abide by internal controls were not effective; and (ii) incomplete information was provided to the Company’s Audit Committee, which limited the Audit Committee’s ability to effectively oversee the accounting and financial reporting processes and internal control over financial reporting of the Company.
During 2014 and 2015, we took the following measures to remediate the monitoring activities material weakness:
 
 	•	 	During 2014, we hired a new Director of Compliance and Internal Audit, whose primary duties are to design, implement, and operate our internal control over financial reporting	
 
 	•	 	The Compliance and Internal Audit Team (i) has conducted a risk assessment that considers specific risk scenarios in which misstatement of financial reporting might occur and (ii) has executed monitoring of a sample of transactions for high risk areas. Specifically, the Compliance and Internal Audit Team has implemented an order deviation monitoring process whereby deviations from established customer sales terms were reviewed in order to ensure that such deviations are accurately reflected in our financial statements.	
 
 	•	 	The Company named its General Counsel, Theodore Kim, as Executive Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, a newly created position, reporting directly to the Board of Directors. He continues to serve as General Counsel. In addition, the Compliance and Internal Audit Team was reorganized under the Chief Compliance Officer, to whom the Director of Compliance and Internal Audit reports, as a part of the Company’s continuing effort to reinforce the independence and objectivity of our internal audit activities from management.	
 
 	•	 	As a result, we continue to effectively provide the Audit Committee with the information concerning internal audit activities, internal control deficiencies and remediation plans, investigation results of any whistle blowers’ complaints, and any irregular activities that are non-compliant with applicable regulations, policies and procedures.	
 
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(d) Remediation Efforts Over Remaining Material Weaknesses
Period End Closing and Financial Reporting:
During 2015, we have implemented our internal controls in the period-end closing and financial reporting process to: (i) require appropriate internal and external evidences to be prepared for certain type of routine journal entries; (ii) improve the methods of reconciliation, confirmation, verification, observation, period end cut-off test, and analysis of each accounts in a timely manner; and (iii) assign appropriate roles and responsibilities for more comprehensive review procedures, including the involvement of finance and operational managers, in order to strengthen controls over the completeness and accuracy of manual journal entries. However, material weaknesses in our period end closing and financial reporting controls over non-routine manual journal entries described above will not be considered remediated until controls over the completeness and accuracy of manual journal entries operate effectively for a sufficient period of time.
Income Tax Accounting and Disclosures:
During 2015, we have implemented our procedures and controls over tax accounting and reporting by ensuring that we, on a timely basis: (i) review rules and regulations of tax jurisdictions relevant to each of our consolidated entities; (ii) review related accounting implications with respect to current income taxes, deferred income taxes, uncertain tax positions and related disclosures; and (iii) improve the competency of our accounting employees through ongoing training on income tax accounting, disclosure practices, and rules and regulations. However, material weakness in our control over income tax accounting and disclosures described above will not be considered remediated until controls over the analysis and review of current income taxes operate effectively for a sufficient period of time.
(e) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
None.
 
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PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this item relating to our executive officers is included in “Item 1. Business—Executive Officers of the Company.” The other information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement relating to our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders or will be included by amendment to this Report within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Report relates.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement relating to our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders or will be included by amendment to this Report within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Report relates.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement relating to our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders or will be included by amendment to this Report within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Report relates.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement relating to our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders or will be included by amendment to this Report within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Report relates.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement relating to our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders or will be included by amendment to this Report within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Report relates.
 
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PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
 
1.	Financial Statements	
The information required by this item is included in Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K.
 
2.	Financial Statement Schedules	
Financial Statement Schedules are omitted because of the absence of the conditions under which they are required or because the information required by such omitted schedules is set forth in the financial statements or the notes thereto.
 
3.	Exhibits	

Exhibit
No.	  	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
    2.1	  	Second Amended Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization Proposed by the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company, et al., dated as of September 24, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
    3.1	  	Certificate of Conversion of MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2011).	
 	 	
    3.2	  	Certificate of Incorporation of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2011).	
 	 	
    3.3	  	Bylaws of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2011).	
 	 	
    3.4	  	Form of Plan of Conversion of MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 to our Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on May 11, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
    3.5	  	Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, as filed with the Secretary of the State of Delaware on March 6, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 6, 2015).	
 	 	
    4.1	  	Rights Agreement, dated as of March 5, 2015, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, which includes as Exhibits thereto the Form of Certificate of Designation, the Form of Right Certificate and the Summary of Terms attached thereto as Exhibits A, B and C, respectively (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 6, 2015).	
 	 	
    4.2	  	Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2009, by and among MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC and each of the securityholders named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
    4.3	  	Indenture, dated as of July 18, 2013, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, as issuer, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 18, 2013).	
 	 	
    4.4	  	First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 27, 2014, to Indenture, dated as of July 18, 2013, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, as issuer, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 25, 2014).	
 
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Exhibit
No.	 	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
    4.5	 	Form of 6.625% Senior Notes due 2021 and notation of guarantee (included in Exhibit 4.2)	
 	 	
  10.1	 	Intellectual Property License Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2004, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.2(1)	 	Land Lease and Easement Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2004, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.3	 	First Amendment to Land Lease and Easement Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2005, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.4(1)	 	General Service Supply Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2004, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.5	 	First Amendment to the General Service Supply Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2005, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.6(1)	 	License Agreement (ModularBCD), dated as of March 18, 2005, by and between Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.7(1)	 	Amended & Restated License Agreement (TrenchDMOS), dated as of September 19, 2007, by and between Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.8(1)	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of December 16, 1996, by and between Advanced RISC Machines Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to LG Semicon Company Limited) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.9(1)	 	Amendment to the Technology License Agreement, dated as of October 16, 2006, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.10(1)	 	ARM7201TDSP Device License Agreement, dated as of August 26, 1997, by and between Advanced RISC Machines Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to LG Semicon Company Limited) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 
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Exhibit
No.	 	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  10.11(1)	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of October 5, 1995, by and between Advanced RISC Machines Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to LG Semicon Company Limited) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.12(1)	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of July 2001, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to Hynix Semiconductor Inc.) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.13(1)	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of August 22, 2001, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to Hynix Semiconductor Inc.) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.14	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of May 20, 2004, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to Hynix Semiconductor Inc.) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.15(1)	 	Design Migration Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2007, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.16	 	Basic Contract on Joint Development and Grant of License, dated as of November 10, 2006, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. and Silicon Works Co., Ltd. (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.17	 	Master Service Agreement, dated as of December 27, 2000 by and between Sharp Corporation and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to Hyundai Electronics Japan Co., Ltd) (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.18	 	Warrant Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2009, between MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.19*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.20*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan form of Option Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.21*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan form of Option Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.22*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan form of Restricted Unit Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467).	
 
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Exhibit
No.	  	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  10.23*	  	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan form of Restricted Unit Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.24*	  	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.25*	  	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.26*	  	Separation Agreement, effective July 31, 2014, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Sang Park (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.27*	  	Advisory Services and Separation Agreement, dated April 30, 2015, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Tae Young Hwang (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28-1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on May 28, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.28*	  	Advisory Services and Separation Agreement, effective May 28, 2015, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Inc. and Brent Rowe (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29-1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on May 28, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.29*	  	Separation Agreement, effective April 12, 2014, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Margaret Sakai (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.30*	  	Separation Agreement, effective June 30, 2015, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Heung Kyu Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.31*	  	Offer Letter, dated as of June 20, 2007, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Tae Jong Lee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.31-1*	  	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Tae Jong Lee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.32*	  	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation Form of Indemnification Agreement with Directors and Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.33*	  	Offer Letter, dated as of March 8, 2014, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Jonathan W. Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.33-1*	  	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Jonathan W. Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.34*	  	Offer Letter, dated as of April 15, 2013, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Young-Joon Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 
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Exhibit
No.	 	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  10.34-1*	 	Amendment of Offer Letter, dated July 27, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) to Young-Joon Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.34-2*	 	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Young-Joon Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.35*	 	Offer Letter, dated as of September 27, 2013, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Theodore Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.35-1*	 	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Theodore S. Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.36*#	 	Offer Letter, dated as of October 16, 2013, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Woung Moo Lee.	
 	 	
  10.36-1*	 	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Woung Moo Lee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.37*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC Profit Sharing Plan as adopted on December 31, 2009 and amended on February 15, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.54 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 5, 2011).	
 	 	
  10.38*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Stock Option Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.55 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.39*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Stock Option Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.56 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.40*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Units Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.57 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.41*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Units Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.58 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.42*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.59 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.43*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.60 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.44	 	Amendment No. 1 to Warrant Agreement, dated as of February 16, 2012, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.61 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 8, 2012).	
 
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Exhibit
No.	  	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  10.45	  	Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 18, 2013, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and Barclays Capital Inc., as representative for the initial purchasers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 18, 2013).	
 	 	
  12.1#	  	Statement Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges	
 	 	
  21.1	  	Subsidiaries of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015)	
 	 	
  23.1#	  	Consent of Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers	
 	 	
  31.1#	  	Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13(a)-14(a), as adopted pursuant to § 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	
  31.2#	  	Certification of Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13(a)-14(a), as adopted pursuant to § 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	
  32.1†	  	Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	
  32.2†	  	Certification of Chief Financial Officer required by 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	
101.INS#	  	XBRL Instance Document	
 	 	
101.SCH#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	
 	 	
101.CAL#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	
 	 	
101.DEF#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document	
 	 	
101.LAB#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document	
 	 	
101.PRE#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	
Footnotes:
 
(1)	Certain portions of this document have been omitted pursuant to a grant of confidential treatment by the SEC.	
*	Management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement	
#	Filed herewith	
†	Furnished herewith	
 
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

 	 	By:	 	/s/ Young-Joon Kim	
 	 	Name:	 	Young-Joon Kim	
 	 	Title:	 	Chief Executive Officer and Director	
 	 	Date:	 	February 22, 2016	
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

  	  	Date	
 	 	
/s/ Young-Joon Kim	  	February 22, 2016	
Young-Joon Kim, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)	  	 	
 	 	
/s/ Jonathan W. Kim	  	February 22, 2016	
Jonathan W. Kim, Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)	  	 	
 	 	
/s/ Michael Elkins	  	February 22, 2016	
Michael Elkins, Director	  	 	
 	 	
/s/ Randal Klein	  	February 22, 2016	
Randal Klein, Director	  	 	
 	 	
/s/ Ilbok Lee	  	February 22, 2016	
Ilbok Lee, Director	  	 	
 	 	
/s/ Douglas Norby	  	February 22, 2016	
R. Douglas Norby, Non- Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors	  	 	
 	 	
/s/ Gary Tanner	  	February 22, 2016	
Gary Tanner, Director	  	 	
 	 	
/s/ Nader Tavakoli	  	February 22, 2016	
Nader Tavakoli, Director	  	 	
 
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Exhibit Index

Exhibit
No.	 	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
    2.1	 	Second Amended Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization Proposed by the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company, et al., dated as of September 24, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
    3.1	 	Certificate of Conversion of MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2011).	
 	 	
    3.2	 	Certificate of Incorporation of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2011).	
 	 	
    3.3	 	Bylaws of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2011).	
 	 	
    3.4	 	Form of Plan of Conversion of MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 to our Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on May 11, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
    3.5	 	Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, as filed with the Secretary of the State of Delaware on March 6, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 6, 2015).	
 	 	
    4.1	 	Rights Agreement, dated as of March 5, 2015, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, which includes as Exhibits thereto the Form of Certificate of Designation, the Form of Right Certificate and the Summary of Terms attached thereto as Exhibits A, B and C, respectively (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 6, 2015).	
 	 	
    4.2	 	Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2009, by and among MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC and each of the securityholders named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
    4.3	 	Indenture, dated as of July 18, 2013, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, as issuer, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 18, 2013).	
 	 	
    4.4	 	First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 27, 2014, to Indenture, dated as of July 18, 2013, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, as issuer, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 25, 2014).	
 	 	
    4.5	 	Form of 6.625% Senior Notes due 2021 and notation of guarantee (included in Exhibit 4.2)	
 	 	
  10.1	 	Intellectual Property License Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2004, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.2(1)	 	Land Lease and Easement Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2004, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 
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Exhibit
No.	 	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  10.3	 	First Amendment to Land Lease and Easement Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2005, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.4(1)	 	General Service Supply Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2004, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.5	 	First Amendment to the General Service Supply Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2005, by and between Hynix Semiconductor Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.6(1)	 	License Agreement (ModularBCD), dated as of March 18, 2005, by and between Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.7(1)	 	Amended & Restated License Agreement (TrenchDMOS), dated as of September 19, 2007, by and between Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.8(1)	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of December 16, 1996, by and between Advanced RISC Machines Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to LG Semicon Company Limited) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.9(1)	 	Amendment to the Technology License Agreement, dated as of October 16, 2006, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.10(1)	 	ARM7201TDSP Device License Agreement, dated as of August 26, 1997, by and between Advanced RISC Machines Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to LG Semicon Company Limited) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.11(1)	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of October 5, 1995, by and between Advanced RISC Machines Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to LG Semicon Company Limited) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.12(1)	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of July 2001, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to Hynix Semiconductor Inc.) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 
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Table of Contents
 	 	 	
Exhibit
No.	 	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  10.13(1)	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of August 22, 2001, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to Hynix Semiconductor Inc.) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.14	 	Technology License Agreement, dated as of May 20, 2004, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to Hynix Semiconductor Inc.) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.15(1)	 	Design Migration Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2007, by and between ARM Limited and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Amendment No. 2 to MagnaChip Semiconductor S.A.’s and MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-168516) filed on October 14, 2010).	
 	 	
  10.16	 	Basic Contract on Joint Development and Grant of License, dated as of November 10, 2006, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. and Silicon Works Co., Ltd. (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.17	 	Master Service Agreement, dated as of December 27, 2000 by and between Sharp Corporation and MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) (successor in interest to Hyundai Electronics Japan Co., Ltd) (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to our Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 20, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.18	 	Warrant Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2009, between MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.19*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.20*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan form of Option Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.21*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan form of Option Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.22*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan form of Restricted Unit Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467).	
 	 	
  10.23*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC 2009 Common Unit Plan form of Restricted Unit Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.24*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 
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Exhibit
No.	  	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  10.25*	  	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.26*	  	Separation Agreement, effective July 31, 2014, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Sang Park (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.27*	  	Advisory Services and Separation Agreement, dated April 30, 2015, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Tae Young Hwang (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28-1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on May 28, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.28*	  	Advisory Services and Separation Agreement, effective May 28, 2015, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Inc. and Brent Rowe (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29-1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on May 28, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.29*	  	Separation Agreement, effective April 12, 2014, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Margaret Sakai (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.30*	  	Separation Agreement, effective June 30, 2015, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Heung Kyu Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.31*	  	Offer Letter, dated as of June 20, 2007, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Tae Jong Lee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.31-1*	  	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Tae Jong Lee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.32*	  	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation Form of Indemnification Agreement with Directors and Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 15, 2010 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.33*	  	Offer Letter, dated as of March 8, 2014, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Jonathan W. Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.33-1*	  	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Jonathan W. Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.34*	  	Offer Letter, dated as of April 15, 2013, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Young-Joon Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.34-1*	  	Amendment of Offer Letter, dated July 27, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) to Young-Joon Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.34-2*	  	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Young-Joon Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 
A-4

Table of Contents
 	 	 	
Exhibit
No.	 	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  10.35*	 	Offer Letter, dated as of September 27, 2013, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Theodore Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.35-1*	 	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Theodore S. Kim (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.36*#	 	Offer Letter, dated as of October 16, 2013, by and between MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and Woung Moo Lee.	
 	 	
  10.36-1*	 	Severance Agreement, dated November 3, 2015, from MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (Korea) and MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation to Woung Moo Lee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2015).	
 	 	
  10.37*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC Profit Sharing Plan as adopted on December 31, 2009 and amended on February 15, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.54 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 5, 2011).	
 	 	
  10.38*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Stock Option Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.55 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.39*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Stock Option Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.56 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.40*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Units Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.57 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.41*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Units Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.58 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.42*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.59 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.43*	 	MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (Non-U.S. Participants) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.60 to our Amendment No 9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 18 ,  2011 (Registration No. 333-165467)).	
 	 	
  10.44	 	Amendment No. 1 to Warrant Agreement, dated as of February 16, 2012, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.61 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 8, 2012).	
 	 	
  10.45	 	Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 18, 2013, between MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and Barclays Capital Inc., as representative for the initial purchasers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 18, 2013).	
 	 	
  12.1#	 	Statement Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges	
 	 	
  21.1	 	Subsidiaries of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2015)	
 
A-135

Table of Contents
 	 	 	
Exhibit
No.	  	Exhibit Description	
 	 	
  23.1#	  	Consent of Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers	
 	 	
  31.1#	  	Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13(a)-14(a), as adopted pursuant to § 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	
  31.2#	  	Certification of Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13(a)-14(a), as adopted pursuant to § 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	
  32.1†	  	Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	
  32.2†	  	Certification of Chief Financial Officer required by 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	
101.INS#	  	XBRL Instance Document	
 	 	
101.SCH#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	
 	 	
101.CAL#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	
 	 	
101.DEF#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document	
 	 	
101.LAB#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document	
 	 	
101.PRE#	  	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	
Footnotes:
 
(1)	Certain portions of this document have been omitted pursuant to a grant of confidential treatment by the SEC.	
*	Management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement	
#	Filed herewith	
†	Furnished herewith	
 
A-6

Exhibit 10.36

 	  	1, Hyangjeong-dong, Hungduk-gu
Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Korea
Tel: 82-43-718-2535
Fax: 82-43-718-2004
www.magnachip.com	
October 16, 2013
Woungmoo Lee

Dear Mr. Lee:
MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd. (“MagnaChip”) is pleased to present you with an offer for employment in the position of Korea Sales (Senior Vice President), reporting to Brent Rowe, Division Director of Worldwide Sales Division. We believe that you have significant potential to make valuable contributions to MagnaChip, and we hope you will find your employment with us a rewarding experience.
You will be based at MagnaChip’s Seoul office, but will be expected to travel as needed within Korea and to other destinations as the job may require. The expected start date of your employment is November 1, 2013.
Your annual salary will be KRW 230,000,000 per annum. You will be paid in accordance with MagnaChip’s normal payroll practices and your compensation will be subject to payroll deductions and all required withholdings. Annual salary increases will be determined by MagnaChip in accordance with MagnaChip’s internal policies and procedures. You will be eligible to earn an annual incentive of up to 30% of your base salary. The annual incentive will be based on company performance and attainment of your management objectives under a plan to be established and approved the Board of Directors of MagnaChip’s parent company (the “Board”). MagnaChip may from time to time in its sole discretion adjust the salary and benefits paid to you and its other employees in the normal course of operations.
Upon approval by the Board of Directors of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (the “Board”), you will be granted options to purchase 50,000 shares of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (the “Option”) pursuant to the MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan at the exercise price the fair market value of a common unit on the date of grant at the time you begin your employment. Your option shall become vested and exercisable during three years form the commencement date of your employment in accordance with MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan. Prior to receiving the Option you must execute an option agreement in the form as approved by the Board.

 	 	 	
●  Page 2	  	October 13, 2013	
 
As an employee of MagnaChip organization, you will be expected to abide by MagnaChip’s rules and regulations and sign and comply with MagnaChip’s form employment agreement for employees based in Korea that includes confidentiality and non-competition provisions. Your employment relationship with MagnaChip is at-will, although you will be eligible for severance programs as required by Korean law. You may terminate your employment with MagnaChip at any time and for any reason whatsoever simply by notifying us, although you agree to provide one month’s notice prior to your resignation. Likewise, MagnaChip may terminate your employment in accordance with Korean law.
This letter forms the complete and exclusive offer of your employment with MagnaChip. No other representative has any authority to modify or enter into an agreement or modification, express or implied, contrary to the foregoing. Any such modification or agreement must be in writing and signed by Sang Park, CEO, or Sang-Lyun Oh, HR Director, and must clearly and expressly specify an intent to change the at-will nature of your employment.
We look forward to your participation in the future growth of MagnaChip. Please indicate your acceptance of this offer of employment by signing in the space below. Please fax or e-mail an executed copy of this letter to me as soon as possible, with the original to follow by mail.

Sincerely,	
 
MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR, LTD.	
 	
/s/ Sanglyun Oh	
Sanglyun Oh	
SVP of Human Resources	
MagnaChip Semiconductor, Ltd.	
THIS EMPLOYMENT OFFER IS WHOLLY AGREED AND ACCEPTED BY:

/s/ Woung Moo Lee	
Woung Moo Lee	

Exhibit 12.1
STATEMENT REGARDING
COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF
EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

 	  	Years Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2013	 	 	2012	 	  	2011	 	
 	  	(in millions except ratios)	 	
Fixed charges:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Interest expensed, amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on all indebtedness	  	$	16.3	  	 	$	16.8	  	 	$	21.1	  	 	$	23.2	  	  	$	25.8	  	
Rent expense	  	 	2.7	  	 	 	3.1	  	 	 	2.9	  	 	 	2.8	  	  	 	2.8	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total fixed charges	  	 	19.0	  	 	 	19.9	  	 	 	24.0	  	 	 	26.0	  	  	 	28.6	  	
Earnings:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	  	 	(100.0	) 	 	 	(115.7	) 	 	 	(60.2	) 	 	 	122.9	  	  	 	(3.2	) 	
Add:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Fixed charges	  	 	19.0	  	 	 	19.9	  	 	 	24.0	  	 	 	26.0	  	  	 	28.6	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total earnings plus fixed charges	  	$	(81.0	) 	 	$	(95.8	) 	 	$	(36.2	) 	 	$	148.9	  	  	$	25.4	  	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	5.7x	  	  	 	—  	 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The term “fixed charge” means the sum of the following: interest expensed and capitalized, amortized premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness; and an estimate of interest within rental expense (equal to one-third of rental expense). Management believes this is a reasonable approximation of the interest factor.
Where a dash appears, our earnings were negative and were insufficient to cover fixed charges during the period. Our deficiencies to cover fixed charges in each period presented were as follows:

 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2015	 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2014	 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2013	 	  	Year Ended
December 31, 2011	 	
 	  	(In millions)	 	
Deficiencies	  	$	100.0	  	  	$	115.7	  	  	$	60.2	  	  	$	3.2	  	

Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-172864, 333-180696, 333-186789 and 333-202120) of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation of our report dated February 22, 2016 relating to the consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation, which appears in this Form 10-K.
/s/ Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers
Seoul, Korea
February 22, 2016

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE
SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Young-Joon Kim, certify that:
 
1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2015;	
 
2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	
 
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	
 
4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	
 
 	(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;	
 
 	(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	
 
 	(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	
 
 	(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and	
 
5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	
 
 	(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and	
 
 	(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.	
Dated: February 22, 2016

 	
/s/ Young-Joon Kim	
Young-Joon Kim	
Chief Executive Officer	
(Principal Executive Officer)	

Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE
SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Jonathan W. Kim, certify that:
 
1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2015;	
 
2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	
 
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	
 
4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	
 
 	(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;	
 
 	(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	
 
 	(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	
 
 	(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and	
 
5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	
 
 	(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and	
 
 	(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.	
Dated: February 22, 2016

 	
 	
/s/ Jonathan W. Kim	
Jonathan W. Kim	
Chief Financial Officer	
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)	

Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (the “Company”) hereby certifies, to such officer’s knowledge, that:
(i) the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2015 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(ii) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of the dates and for the periods expressed in the Report.
Dated: February 22, 2016
/s/ Young-Joon Kim
Young-Joon Kim
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and shall not be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended or incorporated by reference in any registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation (the “Company”) hereby certifies, to such officer’s knowledge, that:
(i) the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2015 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(ii) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of the dates and for the periods expressed in the Report.
Dated: February 22, 2016
/s/ Jonathan W. Kim
Jonathan W. Kim
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and shall not be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended or incorporated by reference in any registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.